doc IEEE 802 11 -05 XXXr 0 Radio

doc. : IEEE 802. 11 -05/XXXr 0 Radio Resource Measurement 802. 11 k and its Specification + Submission 1 Richard Paine, Boeing

doc. : IEEE 802. 11 -05/XXXr 0 Agenda - Why Radio Resource Measurement now? - 802. 11 Existing Measurement Approach - Proposed 11 k Approach - Requirements - Issues - Futures - Conclusions Submission 2 Richard Paine, Boeing

doc. : IEEE 802. 11 -05/XXXr 0 Military Communications Needs C o n n e c ti v i ty Space Layer: Airborne Layer: Maneuver Layer: WIN-T Tactical Unattended Ground Layer: Tactical Sensors Robotics Munitions • Assured Communications Anywhere in the World Without Fixed Submission Richard Paine, Boeing Infrastructure and 3 Zero Setup Time

doc. : IEEE 802. 11 -05/XXXr 0 Connexion by Boeing. SM Connexion by Boeing People working together To revolutionize the way we work, communicate, entertain ourselves and relax while mobile. Submission 4 Richard Paine, Boeing

doc. : IEEE 802. 11 -05/XXXr 0 Connexion by Boeing. SM • Onboard Wireless LAN connects passengers to Connexion offboard service • Certified usage of passenger wireless devices during BA & DLH trials in the first half of 2003 • Full-scale launch of service in April 2004 Submission 5 Richard Paine, Boeing

doc. : IEEE 802. 11 -05/XXXr 0 787 Submission 6 Richard Paine, Boeing

doc. : IEEE 802. 11 -05/XXXr 0 Flight Test Submission 7 Richard Paine, Boeing

doc. : IEEE 802. 11 -05/XXXr 0 Future Allocation & Utilization Heavy Use Sparse Use Heavy Use Medium Use Fixed Spectrum Assignments Lead to Inefficient Spectrum Utilization – Opportunities Exist in Time, Frequency, and Geography RF Spectrum Allocated by Policy – Allocations, Assignments, and Incumbents Vary by Country Observations Show Bands of Local Heavy and Sparse Activity - Temporal Usage Characteristics Vary by Band & Service - Potential for Usage Dependent on Incumbent Service & Equipment • Static Spectrum Management is Limited in Its Ability to Improve Spectrum Submission 8 Richard Paine, Boeing Utilization Efficiencies

doc. : IEEE 802. 11 -05/XXXr 0 What is the XG Program? • Develop both the Enabling Technologies and System Concepts to Dynamically Utilize Spectrum – Improve Efficiency of Current, Static Assignments for Voice and Data (Threshold: Factor of 10, Objective: Factor of 20) – Provide Capability to Share Spectrum with disparate systems RF emitters detect each other and adjust automatically XG Systems Will Opportunistically Utilize Unoccupied Spectrum in Time, 9 Space, and Frequency Submission Richard Paine, Boeing

doc. : IEEE 802. 11 -05/XXXr 0 Key Technologies • Develop Both the Enabling Technology and the System Concepts to Dynamically Use Spectrum Richard Paine, Boeing Submission 10

doc. : IEEE 802. 11 -05/XXXr 0 RRM Extension Options • RRM blue stars show the location of RRM extensions, though RRM pink stars are remotely possible. • RRM Applications are outside the 802. 11 specs. PHY SAP RRM Submission PLME SAP SME RRM PLCP PMD SAP RRM MLME PLME RRM Applications (outside 802. 11) PLME SAP RRM MAC RRM MLME SAP MAC SAP PMD 11 Richard Paine, Boeing

doc. : IEEE 802. 11 -05/XXXr 0 11 k Scope This Task Group will define Radio Resource Measurement enhancements to provide mechanisms to higher layers for radio and network measurements. Submission 12 Richard Paine, Boeing

doc. : IEEE 802. 11 -05/XXXr 0 Submission 13 Richard Paine, Boeing

doc. : IEEE 802. 11 -05/XXXr 0 TGh layer management model • Extract from 802. 11 h-D 2. 1. 32, which addresses some measurement extensions for DFS and TPC. SME Channel Switch Timing Measurement Processing MREQUEST /MREPORT MEASURE CHANNEL SWITCH MLME Measurement Policy Channel Switch Decision Measurement Frames MREQUEST /MREPORT MLME Measurement Frames MAC Timing Figure 26 – Layer Management Model PLME Submission 14 Richard Paine, Boeing

doc. : IEEE 802. 11 -05/XXXr 0 Channel Switch Decision Measurement Frames Measurement Policy Measurement Processing MEASURE MREQUEST /MREPORT SME MLME Channel Switch Timing CHANNEL SWITCH MAC Timing MREQUEST /MREPORT SME Measurement Policy MLME Measurement Frames Richard Paine, Boeing 15 Submission PLME 11 h

WLAN Context Transfer doc. : IEEE 802. 11 -05/XXXr 0 Subnet A 802. 11 802. 16, 802. 20, Or 802 Cellular R Subnet B 802. 11 R 802. 11 f Context Blob (Certificates, preauth, address, etc) 802. 11 Submission 16 Context Transfer Richard Paine, Boeing Packet

WLAN Context Transfer doc. : IEEE 802. 11 -05/XXXr 0 Subnet A 802. 11 802. 16, 802. 20, Or 802 Cellular R Subnet B 802. 11 R 802. 11 f Context Blob (Certificates, preauth, address, etc) 802. 11 Submission 17 Context Transfer Richard Paine, Boeing Packet

WLAN Context Transfer doc. : IEEE 802. 11 -05/XXXr 0 Subnet A 802. 11 802. 16, 802. 20, Or 802 Cellular R Subnet B 802. 11 R 802. 11 f Context Blob (Certificates, preauth, address, etc) 802. 11 Submission 18 Context Transfer Richard Paine, Boeing Packet

WLAN Context Transfer doc. : IEEE 802. 11 -05/XXXr 0 Subnet A 802. 11 802. 16, 802. 20, Or 802 Cellular R Subnet B 802. 11 R 802. 11 f Context Blob (Certificates, preauth, address, etc) 802. 11 Submission 19 Context Transfer Richard Paine, Boeing Packet

WLAN Context Transfer doc. : IEEE 802. 11 -05/XXXr 0 Subnet A 802. 11 802. 16, 802. 20, Or 802 Cellular R Subnet B 802. 11 R 802. 11 f Context Blob (Certificates, preauth, address, etc) 802. 11 Submission 20 Context Transfer Richard Paine, Boeing Packet

doc. : IEEE 802. 11 -05/XXXr 0 AP Measurements Context 802. 11 h or Request Blob For Info Context Blob 10/100 Base. T AP 1 AP Table STA 1 Per STA Table Processor Certs Pre-auth User CIM Schema Qo. S Submission 21 Context Blob Richard Paine, Boeing

doc. : IEEE 802. 11 -05/XXXr 0 Card Measurements AP 1 Submission STA 1 22 Richard Paine, Boeing

doc. : IEEE 802. 11 -05/XXXr 0 RRM Big Picture Application Users of Radio Information Upper Layers Presentation Session Users of Radio Information Transport Users of Radio Information IP Users of Radio Information Interface to Upper Layers MAC and PHY Layers Submission MAC Radio Information MAC PHY Radio Information PHY 23 Richard Paine, Boeing

doc. : IEEE 802. 11 -05/XXXr 0 RRM Extension Options • RRM blue stars show the likely location of RRM extensions, though RRM pink stars are (remotely) possible. • RRM Applications are outside the 802. 11 specs. PHY SAP RRM Submission PLME SAP SME RRM PLCP PMD SAP RRM MLME PLME RRM Applications (outside 802. 11) PLME SAP RRM MAC RRM MLME SAP MAC SAP PMD 24 Richard Paine, Boeing

doc. : IEEE 802. 11 -05/XXXr 0 RRM MAC/PHY Interchanges MAC SAP MAC PHY SAP 11 h Get Req-Air MLME SAP Frame Report Request Reports NDIS Linux RPE Histogram PLME SAP AP 1 PMD SAP Get CCA MGT PLME REQUESTS REPORTS SME STA 1 PLME SAP PLCP PMD Mgt Frames Beacon on Setup Submission 25 Richard Paine, Boeing

doc. : IEEE 802. 11 -05/XXXr 0 MAC/PHY Context 802. 11 f Context Blob 802. 11 h Request for Information SME MLME MAC AP 1 PLCP STA 1 PLME PLCP PLME PMD AP STA 802. 11 h Request for Information SME MLME MAC AP 1 PLCP STA 1 PLME PMD STA 1 Submission STA 1 PLME PMD STA 2 26 PLCP STA 1 PLME PMD STA 3 PLCP STA 1 PLME PMD STA 4 Richard Paine, Boeing

doc. : IEEE 802. 11 -05/XXXr 0 MIBs – current • 802. 11 – Basic measurements & configuration for STA – Widely implemented in APs – Very simple monitoring of global AP statistics • 802. 1 x – Detailed auth state for individual 1 x ports – Also some per port statistics – Not widely implemented in access points today • Bridge MIB – Possible to get some info on which STAs are associated with an AP – Implemented in some APs – Not 802. 11 specific, little MAC, and no PHY statistics Submission 27 Richard Paine, Boeing

doc. : IEEE 802. 11 -05/XXXr 0 Work from Other TGs • 802. 11 d – dot 11 Country. String • TGe – dot 11 Associated. Station. Count – dot 11 Channel. Utilization – dot 11 Frame. Loss. Rate • TGi – Write only key access, & IV status • TGh – Configuration, but no status, monitoring or statistics!!! Submission 28 Richard Paine, Boeing

doc. : IEEE 802. 11 -05/XXXr 0 Purpose of Additions • Enable better diagnostics of problems – Using info that is easy and cheap to gather • Enable better frequency planning, optimize network performance – Enable automatic frequency planning • Enable new services – Location based services – Voice Over IP (VOIP) Submission 29 Richard Paine, Boeing

doc. : IEEE 802. 11 -05/XXXr 0 Diagnostics • Interference from non 802. 11 sources • Interference from other 802. 11 networks • Interference from other APs within same ESS • Interference from other APs within different ESSs Submission 30 Richard Paine, Boeing

doc. : IEEE 802. 11 -05/XXXr 0 Added Station Table to MIB • Station table is list of wireless STAs an AP knows about • Also applicable to IBSS • Currently implemented by many APs, as proprietary MIB/telnet/web interface Submission 31 Richard Paine, Boeing

doc. : IEEE 802. 11 -05/XXXr 0 Stations Listed in Table • Only wireless stations listed • Stations that have communicated with this STA – – Authenticating stations Authenticated stations Associated stations WDS links • Wireless stations known about through DS only (e. g. pre-auth) Submission 32 Richard Paine, Boeing

doc. : IEEE 802. 11 -05/XXXr 0 Stations communicated with • Table includes all stations a station has received any frames from • For each station expose full state of communication with that station – Pre RSN authentication state – 802. 1 x port ID • Further auth info can be found from 802. 1 x MIB – Association state – Detailed link statistics Submission 33 Richard Paine, Boeing

doc. : IEEE 802. 11 -05/XXXr 0 Link Statistics • dot 11 MACStatistics • Counts of – MSDUs/MPDUs received/transmitted – Channel utilization in rx & tx direction • Measured as total μs • Data rate & modulation of last rx and tx • RSSI, RCPI, and signal quality • Link margin as seen by other station – Available for 11 h stations – Either use recent measurement report, or request report for each SNMP request Submission 34 Richard Paine, Boeing

doc. : IEEE 802. 11 -05/XXXr 0 Add MAC Statistics to MIB • • Channel utilization from TGe Total associated stations Total authenticated stations Optional events to notify mgmt station of authentication and association events – Current MIB sends TRAPS on assoc/auth failures Submission 35 Richard Paine, Boeing

doc. : IEEE 802. 11 -05/XXXr 0 Events to Report • Allow all events to be configurable as – Not reported – Reported as TRAP (unreliable) – Reported as INFORM (reliable) • Default configuration should give same events as current 802. 11 MIB • Report all pre RSN auth/deauth events • Report all association/deassocation events Submission 36 Richard Paine, Boeing

doc. : IEEE 802. 11 -05/XXXr 0 Requirements Categories • Data, Voice, Video • Data – Qo. S, wireless net (a, b, g, h) • Voice – RSSI, RCPI, S/N, Delay, Jitter, Encryption, device processor, wireless net (a, b, g, h) • Video – RSSI, RCPI, S/N, Encryption, device processor, wireless net (a, b, g, h) • • • Diagnostics (non-802. 11, other APs) Access Point Table Station Table (BSS and IBSS) Link stats (counts, data rates, RSSI, link margin) MAC Statistics (channel utilization, total stations, events) Events (auth, deauth, associate, deassociate, current MIB) Coexistence Measurements Retries Clear Channel Assessment Submission 37 Richard Paine, Boeing

doc. : IEEE 802. 11 -05/XXXr 0 Technical Topics • • • MIBs Signal Strength Standardizing RSSI (RCPI) Real Time Parameters Real Time Issues Retries Measuring Transmission Speeds Measuring Throughput in WLANs VOIP Radio Resource Issues Video Radio Resource Issues Additional Information needed in the MIBs (802. 1 x, 802. 11, 802. 1 p) Diagnostics Needed for Effective Mgt of WLANs Submission 38 Richard Paine, Boeing

doc. : IEEE 802. 11 -05/XXXr 0 Goal of Radio Measurement: • Initial deployment – Enable some degree of automatic radio configuration • Network expansion – Enable some degree of automatic radio reconfiguration • Enable Radio Aware Performance (monitoring, roaming, handoff) – Provide information to monitor radio performance and fix problems – Facilitate better roaming Submission 39 Richard Paine, Boeing

doc. : IEEE 802. 11 -05/XXXr 0 Define Radio Configuration: • A set of 802. 11 parameter values, individualized for each BSS in a WLAN, that determine WLAN radio performance Including, but not limited to: –BSS channel –AP transmit power –Client transmit power limit Submission 40 Richard Paine, Boeing

doc. : IEEE 802. 11 -05/XXXr 0 What will radio measurements allow us to do? – Simplify and/or automate WLAN radio configuration – Achieve better performance in dense BSS deployments – Better utilize radio resources across client stations – Alert WLAN administrator to problems – Notify client station users of current radio status – Each company uses measurements to add value Submission 41 Richard Paine, Boeing

doc. : IEEE 802. 11 -05/XXXr 0 What did we measure? –Attributes that characterize the WLAN radio environment –Attributes that affect or reflect WLAN radio performance –Attributes that are not manufacturer specific –Define the simplest, smallest set of measurements required Submission 42 Richard Paine, Boeing

doc. : IEEE 802. 11 -05/XXXr 0 Two Categories of RM • Statistical Measurements characterize the radio environment in a long-term statistical sense. For example, – Measure 802. 11 traffic load as channel busy fraction 1 – Measure non-802. 11 interference as received power histogram 1 • Identity Measurements identify stations that affect each other’s performance. For example, – Identify each neighbor AP by overhearing its MAC address – Identify each neighbor STA and its serving AP in a similar manner – Identify hidden STA when receiving downlink frames with no ACK • 1: these measurements are already in 802. 11 h specification Submission 43 Richard Paine, Boeing

doc. : IEEE 802. 11 -05/XXXr 0 What changes are needed in all stas? • Wireless MAC message protocol – Built on 802. 11 h mechanisms and measurement frames – Added RRM capability bit and RRM action frame type – Augmented 802. 11 h measurements with new requests/reports • MAC firmware – Handle new management frames in the wireless MAC protocol – Compute measurement payloads from PHY registers and traffic Submission 44 Richard Paine, Boeing

doc. : IEEE 802. 11 -05/XXXr 0 What additional changes are needed in access points? • Process measurement requests from external entity – Translate external request into measurement action at AP radio – Translate request into action frame and send to client stations – Perform these actions at periodic interval, if requested • Accumulate, store and/or report measurements – Measurements taken at the AP radio – Measurements reported by client stations – Method of conveyance is a separate discussion Submission 45 Richard Paine, Boeing

doc. : IEEE 802. 11 -05/XXXr 0 What should not change at any station? – Wireless MAC control frames and procedures – Wireless MAC data frames and procedures – Any hardware, including MAC and PHY Submission 46 Richard Paine, Boeing

doc. : IEEE 802. 11 -05/XXXr 0 Future Allocation & Utilization Heavy Use Sparse Use Heavy Use Medium Use Fixed Spectrum Assignments Lead to Inefficient Spectrum Utilization – Opportunities Exist in Time, Frequency, and Geography RF Spectrum Allocated by Policy – Allocations, Assignments, and Incumbents Vary by Country Observations Show Bands of Local Heavy and Sparse Activity - Temporal Usage Characteristics Vary by Band & Service - Potential for Usage Dependent on Incumbent Service & Equipment • Static Spectrum Management is Limited in Its Ability to Improve Spectrum Submission Richard Paine, Boeing Utilization 47 Efficiencies

doc. : IEEE 802. 11 -05/XXXr 0 What is the XG Program? • Develop both the Enabling Technologies and System Concepts to Dynamically Utilize Spectrum – Improve Efficiency of Current, Static Assignments for Voice and Data (Threshold: Factor of 10, Objective: Factor of 20) – Provide Capability to Share Spectrum with disparate systems RF emitters detect each other and adjust automatically XG Systems Will Opportunistically Utilize Unoccupied Spectrum in Time, 48 Space, and Frequency Submission Richard Paine, Boeing

doc. : IEEE 802. 11 -05/XXXr 0 Key Technologies • Develop Both the Enabling Technology and the System Concepts to Dynamically Use Spectrum Richard Paine, Boeing Submission 49

doc. : IEEE 802. 11 -05/XXXr 0 Conclusions • Measurements Necessary for Future Growth • Fast Track for Radio Resource Measurement • More Control May Be Adopted as a Next Step (another task group, 11 v) • Future Technologies Require More Measurement • Automating Radio Environment Adaptation Submission 50 Richard Paine, Boeing

doc. : IEEE 802. 11 -05/XXXr 0 11 k Status Jan 06 3 rd Letter Ballot Passed Expect to go to Recirculation Letter Ballot Winter 06 Expect to go to Sponsor Ballot Spring or Summer 06 Expect to be a standard by late 06 or early 07 Submission 51 Richard Paine, Boeing

doc. : IEEE 802. 11 -05/XXXr 0 For Wi. Fi Alliance • Introduce 11 k • Request start of acceptance/testing/conformance criteria • Next major step to 802. 11 sophistication and development • VOIP via the Neighbor Report • Tools to further the standard and the industry Submission 52 Richard Paine, Boeing