Do Now Monday How do you

Do Now – Monday • How do you determine what is fair?

Essential Questions - Monday • What type of government was established under the Articles of Confederation? • What type of problems did this type of government create? • What motivated the delegates to create such a government?

Exit Ticket – Monday What must be included in a Constitution?

Do Now – Tuesday • How do you determine what is fair?

Essential Questions - Tuesday • What type of government was established under the Articles of Confederation? • What type of problems did this type of government create? • What motivated the delegates to create such a government?

Exit Ticket – Tuesday What must be included in a Constitution?

Do Now – Wednesday How do you know if a constitution/law is working?

Essential Questions - Wednesday • What was the Virginia Plan? What problems/solutions did it propose? • What was the New Jersey Plan? What problems/solutions did it propose? • What was the Great Compromise? What problems/solutions did it propose?

Exit Ticket – Wednesday Is it essential to compromise while governing?

Do Now – Thursday How do you know if a constitution/law is working?

Essential Questions - Thursday • What was the Virginia Plan? What problems/solutions did it propose? • What was the New Jersey Plan? What problems/solutions did it propose? • What was the Great Compromise? What problems/solutions did it propose?

Exit Ticket – Thursday Is it essential to compromise while governing?

Creating the Articles of Confederation & the Constitution

Articles Background • 1 st constitution for the states • Confederation form of government • States would remain separate and independent • Banded together to form a common defense

Question 1 • The Articles of Confederation were the first what for the United States? (pg 206) constitution

Articles- provisions • Only one house of legislature • Each state sends representatives, but gets only one vote per state • States were required to send funds to pay government officials and the military • States were required to send troops to man and maintain a central defense • 9 state votes to pass any law

Question 2 • Under the Articles of Confederation, the government of the United States had a one house…(pg 206) legislature

Question 3 • Under the Articles of Confederation, how many states had to vote for a law for it to be passed? (pg 206) nine

Articles- provisions • The authority of the executive and judicial branches would remain with the individual states-NO PRESIDENT AND NO SUPREME COURT. • Unanimous vote by the states was necessary to amend, or change, the Articles • States set up trade agreements between the states and with foreign countries

Question 4 • Under the Articles of Confederation, the United States had no… (pg 206) president

Accomplishments of Articles • Set up the Post Office (only government agency that is self-supporting) • Created the post roads • Created the Northwest Territory Act of 1787 that allowed new states into the union • Set up a system of weights and measures

Question 5 • After colonists declared their independence from Great Britain, many Americans distrusted a strong central government. This distrust is best shown by the (pg 206, DT) plan of government set up by the Articles of Confederation.

Problems with the Articles No common currency All states had to agree to amend the constitution 9 of 13 states had to agree to any new legislation No system or authority to borrow money

Question 6 • Under the Articles of Confederation, the states had no common… (pg 208) currency

Problems with the Articles • States refused to acknowledge any national law they did not like • THERE WAS NO STRONG CENTRAL GOVERNMENT THAT COULD FORCE THE STATES TO PLAY FAIRLY WITH EACH OTHER OR THAT HAD THE POWER TO COLLECT TAXES TO PAY FOR WHAT WAS NEEDED!!!!

Problems with the Articles • States disputed borders • States levied heavy taxes on themselves to pay for war- did not send money to national government • Each state created its own money • States levied tariffs on each others goods

Problems with the Articles States not fairly represented in the Congress No central authority to negotiate with Foreign countries No authority to make states comply with legislation No power to collect taxes or impel troops into service

Results of the Articles • Shay’s Rebellion- Massachusetts farmers rebel against foreclosures on property. • Leaders of states convinced that more rebellion was likely without a stronger central authority

Question 7 • The event that finally convinced the United States that it needed a strong central government was… (pg 208 -209) Shays’ Rebellion

Question 8 • Rules for new states joining the Union were set up with the passage of the… (pg 210) Northwest Territory Act

The Constitutional Convention

The Virginia Plan • Three separate branches (executive, Legislative and judicial) • Executive branch would be the President • Legislative branch would be 2 houses, based on population

Question 9 • Three separate branches of government, two houses of legislature, with representation based on population, were proposed under the. . . (pg 214) The Virginia Plan

New Jersey Plan • One house legislature (equal representation for each state)

Question 10 • A single house of legislature, with equal representation for each state, was proposed under… (pg 214) The New Jersey Plan

The Great Compromise • Proposed by Roger Sherman • Two house legislature One house based on population One house based equal representation • This compromise will be accepted by Congress

Question 11 • An agreement in which each side gives up part of what it wants is called a/an… (pg 214) compromise

Question 12 • An agreement for representation in the government, with representation based on population in the House of Representatives and equal representation in the Senate, was reached with… (pg 215) The Great Compromise

The Three-Fifths Compromise • Southern delegates wanted to count slaves for seating in Congress. • A compromise was struck allowing 3 out of 5 to be counted. • Slave trade to be banned in 20 years (importation only) • Was this a good/best compromise?

Question 13 • An agreement for how slaves should be counted for representation in government was reached under. . . (pg 215) The Three-Fifths Compromise

Federalists • Favor a strong federal government. • Should the federal government exceed the power of state governments?

Question 14 • A person who was in favor of a strong central government was known as a/an. . . (pg 218) federalist

Antifederalists • Favor a small federal government. • What are states rights?

Question 15 • Which of the following politicians did not contribute to The Federalist Papers? (pg 218, DT) Thomas Jefferson

The Bill of Rights • Bill of Rights = 1 st ten amendments to Constitution • Turn to pages 240 -242 and discuss