Dishwasher
A dishwasher is a mechanical device for cleaning dishes and eating utensils. Dishwashers can be found in restaurants and homes. Unlike manual dishwashing, which relies largely on physical scrubbing to remove soiling, the mechanical dishwasher cleans by spraying hot water.
History The first reports of a mechanical dishwashing device are of an 1850 patent in the United States by Joel Houghton for a hand-powered good device. This device was made of wood and was cranked by hand while water sprayed onto the dishes.
History: In England, William Howard Livens invented a small dishwasher suitable for domestic use in 1924. It was the first modern dishwasher, and incorporated most of the design elements that feature in the models of today;
Capacity The international standard for the capacity of a dishwasher is expressed as standard place settings. Dishes or plates of irregular sizes may not fit properly in a dishwasher's cleaning compartment, so it is advisable to check for compatibility before buying a dishwasher. Most Common residential dishwashers load between 15 and 22 Place Settings.
Sound damping Modern dishwashers are quieter than older models. Using blankets, panels, and soundabsorbing materials in various configurations, dishwashers can achieve sound damping levels down to 39 decibels or so. Undamped, low-end dishwashers generally output noise levels of anywhere from 65– 70 decibels. Most manufacturers generally use their own nomenclature with trademark for sound damping.
Commercial dishwashers Large heavy-duty dishwashers are available for use in commercial establishments (e. g. hotels, restaurants) where a large number of dishes must be cleaned. Unlike a residential dishwasher, a commercial dishwasher does not utilize a drying cycle and thus are significantly faster than their residential counterparts.
Environmental impact The dishwasher has made cleaning and drying dishes much easier and more efficient. In the European Union, the energy consumption of a dishwasher for a standard usage is shown on a European Union energy label. In the United States, the energy consumption of a dishwasher is defined using the energy factor.
Comparison with washing by hand According to a peer-reviewed study in 2003, hand washing and drying of an amount of dishes equivalent to a fully loaded automatic dishwasher could use between 20 and 300 liters of water and between 0. 1 and 8 k. Wh of energy, while the numbers for energy-efficient automatic dishwashers were 15 to 22 liters and 1 to 2 k. Wh, respectively. The study concluded that fully loaded dishwashers use less energy, water, and detergent than the average European hand-washer.
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