DISASTER RISK REDUCTION AGRICULTURE AND FOOD SECURITY FAO

DISASTER RISK REDUCTION, AGRICULTURE AND FOOD SECURITY: FAO GOOD PRACTICE DRM Working Group FAO Rome

Overview n n n Context Food security and systems in the hazard context FAO and Climate Risk Management n Good Practice n Lessons

CONTEXT Increasing populations/urbanization Increased demand for food and dietary convergence Limited areas to enhance food production Many hazard prone countries are LIFDCs Climate change

FOOD SECURITY Exists when all people at all times have physical or economic access to sufficient, safe and nutritious food to meet their dietary needs and food preferences for an active healthy life. Four dimension of food security: Availability, Access, Stability and Utilization

HAZARD IMPACTS ON FOOD SYSTEMS n Food production losses n Infrastructure damage n Asset losses n Increased livelihood risks n More food emergencies n Health risks

How does FAO address DRR? Development & disaster risk reduction (DRR) Emergency response period Recovery & Rehabilitation n th patter cial grow nomic/so mal eco Nor attern growth p ic/social om con Normal e Ongoing development activities Risk assessment Mitigation/prevention Preparedness Recontruction Warning/ evacuation Search & rescue Economic/social recovery Re-establish logistic routes Major hazard/disaster Restoration of infrastructural services Coordination Provide ongoing assistance Emergency initiatives Recovery initiatives Damage assessment DRR initiatives Media response Mainstreaming DRR into ongoing development processes

FAO Technical Support n Risk reducing technologies n Sectoral policies and institutions n Infrastructure n Climate improvement and weather information n Emergency response and rehabilitation n Livelihoods support, promotion and diversification

Policy and local support: DRR and adaptation in agriculture Local processes of risk reduction and adaptation ENHANCING CAPACITIES • TECHNOLOGICAL • INSTITUTIONAL AND Policy-based measures CREATING INCENTIVES DRR and ADAPTATION FOR DRR and ADAPTATION MEASURES IMPLEMENTED AT FARM-LEVEL BY GOVERNMENT • BEHAVIOURAL Key message: need to act on both levels (local processes plus policies) by institutionalizing support for CBDRM/CBA

DRR/CAA Implementation Approach eh ak St • E er old Assess current vulnerability, risks and local livelihoods by agro-ecological zone/socioeconomic setting • Assess future climate risks & overlay to current Enhance inst & technical capacities for adaptation • t en em ag ng • Identify, validate and test adaptation options • Design location-specific risk reduction strategies • Up-scaling and mainstreaming in annual (sectoral) development plans Guiding principles • Building on what already exists • Focus on poor & small holders • Linking top down & bottom up perspectives • linking DRR & CCA; action research • Cross-sectoral livelihood perspective Source: FAO-LACC (2008) http: //www. fao. org/forestry/47375/en/

GOOD PRACTICE Cuba, Grenada, Haiti and Jamaica Impact mitigation of climatic hazards in agriculture § § DRR integrated into sectoral planning in agriculture and livestock sector Pilot interventions at community level Knowledge exchange on DRR among countries Documentation of good practices for local risk reduction in AG: § § § diversified cropping control soil erosion tree management

GOOD PRACTICE - Indonesia: Building back better after the tsunami n n n Building capacities of local and provincial authorities as well as vulnerable fishing communities to jointly manage coastal fisheries in a sustainable way Model of post-disaster rehabilitation and transition project – demonstrates how development practices can be applied in relief settings and emergency projects Good practice for longer-term sustainable development in fisheries

Lessons n Food security perspective: DRR and CCA go together n Address DRR/CCA within broader vulnerability context n No single approach or practice: use option menus by AEZ; systematic documentation; farmers take only what benefits; framework conditions may change n Push for doing better on known sustainable land water management practices (no-regret) n Cross-sectoral perspective is essential: need to better catalyze sectoral buy-in as partners in DRR/CCA n Re-think the role of research: R&D linkages and extension services (for poor) as vehicles for DRR/CCA implementation