DIRECT Am is are Shall will

• • DIRECT Am, is, are Shall/will Can May Must Have/has to Ought to • • • INDIRECT Was/were Should/would Could Might • Had to

CHANGES OF ADVERB OF TIME & PLACE • • • DIRECT NOW TOMORROW NEXT WEEK TONIGHT TODAY YESTERDAY LAST NIGHT LAST WEEK HERE THIS THESE • • • INDIRECT THEN THE FOLLOWING DAY THE FOLLOWING WEEK THAT NIGHT THAT DAY THE DAY BEFORE THE NIGHT BEFORE THE WEEK BEFORE THERE THAT THOSE

CHANGES OF TENSES • DIRECT • SIMPLE PRESENT • SIMPLE PAST • PRESENT PERFECT • PRESENT CONTINUOUS • PRESENT PERFECT CONT. • SIMPLE FUTURE • INDIRECT SIMPLE PAST PERFECT PAST CONTINUOUS PAST PERFECT CONT. • PAST FUTURE • • •

1. STATEMENT HE SAID TO ME HE TOLD ME THAT REPORTED WORDS

STATEMENT EXAMPLE • DIRECT • They said to me: “we are going to visit Borobudur tomorrow. ” • Jeffry said: “I didn’t go to school today. • Anne told Agus: “My father got angry with me last night. • INDIRECT • They said to me that they were going to visit Borobudur the following day. • Jeffry said that he hadn’t gone to school that day. • Anne told Agus that her father had got angry with her the night before.

STATEMENT Exception: If the introductory sentence is in the Present Tense, there won’t be any changes in the Reported (Indirect) speech. • DIRECT • Cindy says: “ I will come to your house tonight. ” • Indra says: “I have seen that film for twice. ” • “Dessy says: “I meet my boyfriend every saturday. ” • Chandra says: “I don’t like sport. ” • INDIRECT • Cindy says that she will come to my house tonight • Indra says that he has seen that film for twice. • Dessy says that she meets her boyfriend every Saturday. • Chandra says that he doesn’t like sport.

HE ASKED ME HE TOLD ME TO INFIVITIVE

COMMAND EXAMPLE • DIRECT • The teacher asked me: Open your book page 65!” • Siska asked Manu: “give me a piece of paper”! • “Ronny told him: “call me tonight! • INDIRECT • The teacher asked me to open my book page 65. • Siska asked Manu to give her a piece of paper. • Ronny told him to call him that night.

HE ASKED ME HE TOLD ME NOT TO INFIVITIVE

COMMAND EXAMPLE • DIRECT • Santy asked Edy: Don’t leave me alone anymore!” • Valenxia asked Indra: “Don’t hurt me anymore”! • “Subhan told them: “Don’t disturb me! • INDIRECT • Santy asked Edy not to leave her alone anymore. • Valenxia asked Indra not to hurt her anymore. • Subhan told them not to disturb him.

HE ASKED ME IF/WHETHER S + V + COMPLEMENT

A. Yes/No Question Example • DIRECT • Ricky asked Henry: Does your father work near here? ” • Mr. Bean asked Cyntia: “have you collected your homework? ” • Dessy asked William: “can you accompany me to Lippo tonight? • INDIRECT • Ricky asked Henry if/whether his father worked near there. • Mr. Bean asked Cyntia if/whether she had collected her homework. • Dessy asked William if/whether he could accompany her to Lippo that night.

HE ASKED ME WHEN/WHAT S + V + COMPLEMENT etc.

b. Wh- Question Example • DIRECT • INDIRECT • The girl asked me: “Where Do you come from? ” • The girl asked me where I came from. • My father asked my brother: “Why did you arrive at home late last night? ” • My father asked my brother why he had arrived at home late the night before • Handy asked the girl: “what is your favorite movie star? • Handy asked the girl what her favorite movie star was

• DIRECT • The students said to the teacher: “We haven’t done our assignment. ” • My uncle said to my sister: “I cannot come on your birthday party next month. ” • Patar asked Lina : “Do you love me? ” • My father asked me: ”Have you prepared for your final exam? • Anita told Ver: “Don’t tell me more about your boyfriend!” • My friend asked her: “Stay with me forever!” • My headmaster asked me: “ Where do you live? ”