Digitization GOALS & THEIR LOGISTICS Michael J. Bennett Digital Initiatives Librarian C/WMARS, Inc. (508) 755 -3323 x. 23 mbennett@cwmars. org CENTRAL/WESTERN MASSACHUSETTS AUTOMATED RESOURCE SHARING
I. GOALS of DIGITIZATION questions to ask while planning: • • Why does your institution wish to digitize? What are the anticipated outcomes? Who are the targeted end-users? How can these outcomes and users be periodically evaluated as the project progresses? CENTRAL/WESTERN MASSACHUSETTS AUTOMATED RESOURCE SHARING
The Digitization Advantage • Access (cross collection indexing, full text searching) • Flexibility of Digital Content (data is not fixed and may be reformatted, edited, etc. ) • Preservation Aid to Source Material • Public Relations • Novel uses of Digitized Material CENTRAL/WESTERN MASSACHUSETTS AUTOMATED RESOURCE SHARING
Access Sample Digital Library Collections: • Digital Treasures • King County Snapshots • Utah Digital Newspapers CENTRAL/WESTERN MASSACHUSETTS AUTOMATED RESOURCE SHARING
Preservation Aid to Source Material • Digital surrogates reduce the handling of analog originals which may be fragile. • Digitization, however, is not a form of preservation which relies on long-term, stable media. • As a result, digital surrogates should never replace original analog items. CENTRAL/WESTERN MASSACHUSETTS AUTOMATED RESOURCE SHARING
Public Relations • Through digitizing their collections, libraries continue to support the idea that there is value in the materials they house. • In turn, this assists in promoting such collections and institutions as a whole. CENTRAL/WESTERN MASSACHUSETTS AUTOMATED RESOURCE SHARING
II. LOGISTICAL CONCERNS the view from 30, 000’ : **QUESTION** HOW WILL OUR ORGANIZATION DIGITIZE OUR MATERIALS? ? ? CENTRAL/WESTERN MASSACHUSETTS AUTOMATED RESOURCE SHARING
II. LOGISTICAL CONCERNS the view from 30, 000’ : **OPTION #1** BUILD LAB & REPOSITORY Pros: Control of Everything Including Imaging, Metadata Schema & Customization of Patron Access. Cons: Costs & The Responsibilities of Control. Software & Hardware Maintenance May Necessitate Specialized Staff. Will Chosen Metadata Schemas be Interoperable into the Future? CENTRAL/WESTERN MASSACHUSETTS AUTOMATED RESOURCE SHARING
II. LOGISTICAL CONCERNS the view from 30, 000’ : **OPTION #2** BUILD LAB BUT STORE & SERVE UP MATERIALS THROUGH 3 RD PARTY REPOSITORY Pros: Costs, Possibly Maintain Some Control Cons: Imaging & Metadata Standards Must Align Closely with Existing Repository. Patron Access Control May Be Limited. CENTRAL/WESTERN MASSACHUSETTS AUTOMATED RESOURCE SHARING
II. LOGISTICAL CONCERNS the view from 30, 000’ : **OPTION #3** DIGITIZATION, STORAGE & ONLINE DELIVERY THROUGH 3 RD PARTY REPOSITORY Pros: Costs, Minimal Infrastructure Support & Specialization. Cons: Digitization & Metadata Standards Must Align Closely with Existing Repository. Possibly Little Control of Patron Access. Migration to New Vendor, if necessary, May Be Complex. CENTRAL/WESTERN MASSACHUSETTS AUTOMATED RESOURCE SHARING
II. LOGISTICAL CONCERNS sample expenses: **OPTION #1** BUILD LAB & REPOSITORY CENTRAL/WESTERN MASSACHUSETTS AUTOMATED RESOURCE SHARING
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II. LOGISTICAL CONCERNS selection for digitization : • Source Materials • Intellectual Rights • Infrastructure CENTRAL/WESTERN MASSACHUSETTS AUTOMATED RESOURCE SHARING
II. LOGISTICAL CONCERNS selection for digitization : Source Materials: or “why would you do it? ” CENTRAL/WESTERN MASSACHUSETTS AUTOMATED RESOURCE SHARING
II. LOGISTICAL CONCERNS selection for digitization : Source Materials (why would you do it? ) – Value • • Artifactual characteristics Historical significance Intellectual content Collection Policy or Library Mission – Added value • • • Improved or enhanced access Creating new collections Image quality & flexibility Text-searching & manipulation Preservation benefits – Demand • Demonstrated use • Potential use CENTRAL/WESTERN MASSACHUSETTS AUTOMATED RESOURCE SHARING
II. LOGISTICAL CONCERNS selection for digitization : Intellectual Rights: or “when should you do it? ” CENTRAL/WESTERN MASSACHUSETTS AUTOMATED RESOURCE SHARING
II. LOGISTICAL CONCERNS selection for digitization : Intellectual Rights (when should you do it? ) – – Do you have the legal right to create a digital version? Materials only in the public domain? Restrictions on access? The added cost of rights management? CENTRAL/WESTERN MASSACHUSETTS AUTOMATED RESOURCE SHARING
II. LOGISTICAL CONCERNS selection for digitization : Infrastructure: or “how could you do it? ” CENTRAL/WESTERN MASSACHUSETTS AUTOMATED RESOURCE SHARING
II. LOGISTICAL CONCERNS selection for digitization : Infrastructure (how could you do it? ) • Systems • • Discovery (searching, identifying) Metadata (descriptive, administrative) Delivery (reliable, user-friendly) Storage (security, migration, maintenance) • Technical capacity • • Hardware (scanners, network, servers) Software (image processing, OCR) Quality control (automated & manual) Support (local or vendor) CENTRAL/WESTERN MASSACHUSETTS AUTOMATED RESOURCE SHARING
II. LOGISTICAL CONCERNS selection for digitization : Special vs. General Collections CENTRAL/WESTERN MASSACHUSETTS AUTOMATED RESOURCE SHARING
II. LOGISTICAL CONCERNS selection for digitization : Special Collections • Pros • Often visual oriented materials (photographs, manuscripts, maps, etc) • System Features (zoom, pan) • May not require OCR/text searching • Unique material/unlocking collections • Preservation benefits • Cons • • • Specialized cataloging/finding aids Specialized imaging expertise/equipment Conservation issues (never simple) Scale (incomplete/partial collections) May have complex rights issues CENTRAL/WESTERN MASSACHUSETTS AUTOMATED RESOURCE SHARING
II. LOGISTICAL CONCERNS selection for digitization : General Collections • Pros • Patron demand • Reference librarian demand • Cons • • Isn’t this reselection? Competing for resources (It’s so costly for even one book) Critical mass problem (can you provide enough content? ) Copyright The Google factor (Leave it to Google? ) Duplication or collaboration (can you coordinate? ) Didn’t we just create preservation microfilm? CENTRAL/WESTERN MASSACHUSETTS AUTOMATED RESOURCE SHARING
Sources Backmann, T. (2006, May 6). Selection for Digitization, a focus on the General Collections at the Harvard College Library. Presentation from ACRL/NEC/ Preservation -Conservation Interest Group meeting, NEDCC. CENTRAL/WESTERN MASSACHUSETTS AUTOMATED RESOURCE SHARING
Digitization GOALS & THEIR LOGISTICS The End Michael J. Bennett Digital Initiatives Librarian C/WMARS, Inc. (508) 755 -3323 x. 23 mbennett@cwmars. org CENTRAL/WESTERN MASSACHUSETTS AUTOMATED RESOURCE SHARING
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