Differences between British and American English Author: Velizhanina Elizaveta Vladimirovna Supervisor: Dovgan Julia Vladimirovna
Aim , tasks The aim of this work is to review the principal difference between British English and American English. The tasks of our research are following: To study English language history To review differences in British and American English histories and their development To make a compare of British and American English in lexis, spelling, pronunciation and grammar
Object, subject , hypotheses , the main method The object is variants of English language. The subject is differences between British and American English. The hypothesis: There are differences in vocabulary, phonetics, grammar and spelling in British and American languages. The main methods used in this research are the following: analysis of information, comparison and generalization of data, classification, and description.
History of British and American English American British
Lexical difference between American and British English British variant American variant Translation up to the time on time во время football soccer футбол autumn fall осень
Lexical difference between American and British English Each variant has such words, phrases and stable word combinations that have no lexical equivalents the other variant. British variant American variant Translation - // - junior high school неполная средняя школа, включающая 7 и 8 или 8 и 9 классы. barman barmard - // - буфетчик в баре буфетчица - // - feel like two cents Плохо себя чувствовать
Grammatical difference between American and British English Tenses: Present Perfect. In British English the Present Perfect is used to express an action that has occurred in the recent past and in American that has an effect on the present moment. British variant American variant Translation I've lost my key. Can you help me look for it? I lost my key. Can you help me look for it? Я потерял ключи. Можешь мне помочь их найти? ! I haven’t seen him. Say him hello! I didn’t see him. Say him Я не видел его. hello! Передавай привет
Grammatical difference between American and British English Other differences involving the use of the present perfect in British English and past simple in American English include already, just and yet. In British English the past participle of get is got. In American English the past participle of get is gotten, except when have got means have. British variant American variant Translation I've just had lunch I just had lunch OR I've just had lunch Я только что позавтракал He has got a prize. He has gotten a prize. Он получил приз
Grammatical difference between American and British English There are two forms to express possession in English. Have or Have got. British variant American variant Have you got a car? Do you have a car? He hasn't got any friends. Translation У тебя есть машина? ! He doesn't have any У него нет друзей friends.
Grammatical difference between American and British English In British English it is fairly common to use shall with the first person to talk about the future. Americans rarely use shall. British variant American variant Translation I shall/will never forget this favour. I will never forget this favour. Я ни когда не забуду эту услугу In offers the British use shall. Americans use should Shall I help you with the homework? Should I help you with the homework? Мне помочь тебе с домашней работой?
Spelling differences between American and British English -or vs. -our American color British colour -ze vs. -se American analyze -ll vs. -l enrollment enrolment -og vs. -ogue analogue British analyse -er vs. -re center centre -e vs. -oe or –ae medieval mediaeval
Spelling differences between American and British English In British English, words that end in -l preceded by a vowel usually double the -l when a suffix is added, while in American English the letter is not doubled. Base Word American British counseling counselling equaling equalling modeling modelling
Pronunciation 1. Stress in words. Some of the words British and Americans pronounced with the accent on different syllables, for example address (UK) and address (Amer. ), cafe (UK) and cafe (Amer. ). 2. Sounds in words. There are words in which American and British pronunciation has one or two sounds: ask to read [a: sk] in Britain and [əsk] - in America, dance is pronounced [da: ns] in England, and how [dəns] in the U. S. . 3. Intonation in sentences. The British use a variety of intonation patterns, and in possession of two Americans - flat and descending.
Social survey • up to the time • autumn • postman • favorite • centre • jewellery • on time • fall • Mailman • favourite • center • jewelry • во время • осень • почтальон • любимый • центр • драгоцен ность
Social survey Which variant of the word (stable word combinations ) is more correct (you would use)? British variant American variant
Conclusion According to my practical work, the results are the following: Although American English has spread all over the world and go on developing, British English is an official variant of English language. It is used by students, teachers and other people more often than American one.
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