DEVELOPMENT OF GIS PROSPECT FOR POPULATION AND

DEVELOPMENT OF GIS : PROSPECT FOR POPULATION AND HOUSING CENSUS 2010 Population and Housing Census Division DEPARTMENT OF STATISTICS MALAYSIA

Topics ØMapping Strategy In Previous Census ØCensus Geography Ø 2000 Census Mapping Activities ØOverall Activities in Preparation of Census Maps And Enumeration Block Maps ØPlanning for 2010 Census Ø GIS Product In DOS Ø Conclusion

HISTORY OF CENSUS IN MALAYSIA Population and Housing Census Before Formation of Malaysia - 1911, 1921, 1931, 1947, 1957 After Formation of Malaysia - 1970, 1980, 1991, 2000 Next Census - 2010

Total Population 1980 - 13, 745, 241 1991 - 18, 379, 655 2000 - 23, 274, 690 2007 - 27. 1 million

Strategy *To conduct a census, the initial preparation that needs to be done is the subdivision of whole country into Enumeration blocks (EBs) *Ensuring complete coverage of all areas in the country *The finalization of EB maps was done by state Offices of the Department

Census Geography Prior the census data collection- a system called geostatistical Census Area was formed The various geostatistical levels can be subdivided I into two main types: A. Administrative Areas B. Statistical Areas

Census Geography (cont’d. ) A. Administrative Areas Gazetted Boundries - State - Administrative district - Mukim/sub district - Local authority area B. Statistical Areas - Defined by DOS; - Census districts (CD) - Enumeration Block (EB)

Census Geography (cont’d. ) Urban Areas Gazetted areas with their adjoining built-up areas which had a combined population of 10, 000 or more at the time of the 2000 population Census Built-up areas were contiguous to a gazetted area and at least 60 per cent of their population (aged 10 years and over) engaged in non-agricultural activities as well as having modern toilet facilities in their housing units.

Administrative Areas State boundary District boundary

Statistical Areas Total EBs for 2000 = 52, 877 Total Census Districts = 550

Overall Activities in Preparation of Census Maps And Enumeration Block Map (cont’d. ) Started 1998 Decentralised – In Census 2000, the mapping activity was decentralised and undertaken by the 13 state offices with standardised guidelines issued by Headquarters. Mapping as an ongoing activity in intercensal period – This is important since a good frame is required for household surveys which are conducted on a regular basis.

Overall Activities in Preparation of Census Maps And Enumeration Block Map (cont’d. ) *Each EB = 1 enumerator *Combination of 7 Ebs formed a Cencus Circle (CC) which was under the responsibility of a supervisor *A District Superintendent was responsible for each Census District (CD) comprising about 15 CCs All District Superintendents in one Administrative District (AD) came under the responsibility of the Assistant Commissioner of Census

2000 Census Mapping Activities Housing developers Updating the 1991 Census Frame Map updates From household Surveys – LFS, HIS, HES and QC Preparation of Census Area List Preparation of 2000 Census Map Updating and Sketching of EB map Preparation Of Dratf Copy CD Map Verification of EB dan CD Map Preparation Of Files for Assistant Commissioners of census Files for District Superintendent Files for Supervisors Comfirmation Of CD map by District Offices Updates to Gazette Plans Document 1 (LQ Listing) List of EBs, CDs, CCs, No of Enumerator and supervisors Kampong/ Locality list List of Institutional LQ

Overall Activities in Preparation of Census Maps And Enumeration Block Map Two Types of map: a. Census District Maps b. Enumeration Blocks (EB) a. Census District Maps b. c. d. - used by Assistant Census Commissioners and District Superintendents - purpose for planning and controlling of field work

Overall Activities in Preparation of Census Maps And Enumeration Block Map Census District Maps (cont’d. ) -The map is equivalent to one or part of an Administrative District -One CD consists about 100 Ebs - These map contained District and mukim boundaries and various landmarks such as roads, rivers and name of localities

Census District Map

Overall Activities in Preparation of Census Maps And Enumeration Block Map Enumeration Blocks (EB) - used by enumerators to carry out field work and as a guide map - contained 80 – 120 Living Quarters or 500 – 600 persons - Map are not according to scale but had a standard size 40 cm x 40 cm

Enumeration Block (Sketch Map)

Creation of Census Circles The Census Circle was a contiguous group of 7 EB’s that was placed under one supervisor. The preparation of the CC did not involve the drawing of any maps, but was a listing of EB’s that formed each CC.

List Of Census Area For verification of the census geographical areas, relevant lists served as a guideline and control in the operation of Census activities. Five major lists which were prepared included: v. Preparation of EB summary by AD and CD v. Number of enumeration Blocks, Census Circles, Enumerators, Supervisors by CD within Administrative District v. Preparation of locality lists v. List of Institutional Living quarters v. List of Orang Asli (aborigines) EBs

List Of Census Area v. Preparation of EB summary by AD and CD This summary provided a list of normal EB’S and EBs Orang Asli (special EB) v. Number of enumeration Blocks, Census Circles, Enumerators, Supervisors by CD within Administrative District -Extracted from the Census Frame Master File -purposed for recruiting the required number of enumerators and supervisors for Census operations -also included the number of Census Circles for each AD

Preparation of Document 1 (Living Quarters Listing Book) Objective: Use by the enumerator during census operations Contain a. Sketch Map b. Boundary Description (M 3 Form)

GIS § Embody of hard ware and software configurations designed to support the capture, management, analysis and dissemination of spatial data. § Applied to census activities and output, such systems facilitate census cartography, data capture and linking population data (demographic and sosio-economics data)

Socio-economics characteristics - Education - Labor force Household and housing - Number of person per household - Type of construction materials - Population with access to basic facilities - Tenure status

PLANNING FOR CENSUS 2010 Strategy: ‘Applying GIS component and application for the mapping activity'. (Spatial data for household and establishment) Component : a. Software (Arc Gis Arc View 9. X) b. Hardware (Plotter, Printer. A 3, Workstations) c. Base Map (JUPEM, JPBD, L. A. A, )

STRUCTURE OF CREATING EB FOR 2010 States Boundry Admin. Area Boundry Mukim Boundry Ju. PEM topo map Cadastre map JPBD EB Map(Polygon) 2000

GIS SOFTWARE AND HARDWARE FOR CENSUS 1991 -2010 § Year 1991 Software Unit Hardware Unit Base Map Scale/Unit Arc Info Workstation Pc Arc Info Arc view Ver. 1 MS Dos OS Unix 1 1 1 Workstation HP PC Acer 346 1 1 Topo. Map (L 7010) L. A. A Map Arc View 3. 2 Arc View 8. 3 3 2 Plan Printer Plotter 1 1 Topo Map (L 7030) 1: 50, 000 Arc View 9. 1 78 Workstation HP Color Printer A 3 Scanner AO Plotter AO 53 16 1 20 Topo Topo 1: 25, 000 1: 3, 000 -10, 000 1: 25, 000 1: 50, 000 1: 3, 000 - 12, 500 1: 63, 360 Cassini Hard-copy 2000 Hard-copy 2010 Map Map Map (L 8028) (L 905) (L 808) (T 738) (T 931) Digital

GIS Population and Housing Census 2010 Preparation of Document 1 (Living Quarters Listing Book) CENSUS DATA CLASS CENSUS DATABASE Objective: Use by the enumerator during census operations NASIONAL Contain LQ ESTABLISHMENT HOUSEHOLD STATES a. Sketch Map b. Boundary Description (M 3 Form) INDIVIDUAL ADMIN. AREA CENSUS DISTRICT STRATA EB Establishments Living Quarters

FLOW CHART OF UPDATING EBS PROCESS Identify existing resources Start A. DATA Yes. e. g. Shape file, DXF, Map. Info No e. g topo map, pelan akui. Digital vector? Identify system coordinate on existing data. Yes Map projection No (hardcopy) Scan? Scan Map/Plan Select & draw a control point (GCP) on maps Done (*. jpg, *. tiff) No Identify system coordinate (RSO / Cassini / MRT Lat/Long / Arbitrary) Search and draw the GCP point on map System? RSO Kekalkan asal Cassini Arc. View 3. 3 - Malaysia Projection Converter RSO Cassini Yes Coordinate Converter Dapatkan nilai kodinat GCP (Field Survey / GPS / refer JUPEM) RSOCS CSRSO Cassini Arc. View 3. 3 - Register & Transform Tool Minimum 4 GCP point Reference MRTRSO No Identify referenced coordinate (point GCP) e. g. GPS RSO Convert to Geodatabase Arc. View - Arc. Catalog 1. Create Geodatabase 3. Create Feature Class Arc. View - Arc. Catalog 1. Create Geodatabase 2. Create Feature Dataset 3. Create Feature Class 4. Create Object Class Table 2. Create Feature Dataset 4. Create Object Class Table Arc. View - Arc. Map Georeferencing (Rectify) - Add data Minimum 4 GCP (known coordinate point) B. Development of Database No Data Entry Create New data / layer D. Layout End Print A 3 size (Landscape) Map Layout Arc Map - Layout Update Existing data / layer Yes Digitize (on screen) Feature Class Living Quarters Digitize (on screen) Feature Class EB Updates (States, no. DP, Mukim, PBT, no. DB, LB, BP, id TK) Fill in M 3 form Updates Census District (Arc Map - Dissolve) Feature Class EB Updates Circle Census (Arc Map - Dissolve) Union (Arc Toolbox) No Arc Map - Hyperlink Overlapped EB boundaries Yes C. Updating Data Updating EB’s Boundary (Arc Map - Editor > Edit tool)

LAYOUT OF EB MAP FOR CENSUS 2010

EB’S MAP OVERLAYED WITH RASTER IMAGE

HARDCOPY TOPO MAP

GIS Software were also used for : 1. Analysis on small area statistics (market research, consultant, student) 2. 3. 2. Publishing Census Atlas

Population data Aggregated Using Buffering Process

Population data by radius of 5 -20 km from Mid Valley Figure 3: Pop

Basic Mapping The provision of maps serves 2 purposes; 1. Census identification maps locates and show boundaries. 2. 2. Statistical or thematic maps that visualize geographical distribution/patterns. 3.

Thematic Maps GIS output can be form of thematic maps based on census data collected. A collection of this would form a census atlas which can serve a wide variety of users and provide and effective visual presentation (Census Atlas)

Thematic Maps Can be in the form of; § Sub-area § Population density § Strata (Urban and rural population)

Conclusion It is evident that national census data is considered an important component in planning, development, policy formulation and decision making. GIS represent an essential information technology component in dealing with collection, managing and analyzing of large spatially referenced data

Thank you for your attention “Terima Kasih”