Department of Pathological Anatomy Liposarcoma Prepared by: Imangali Maira The faculty of General medicine Group: __14 -24 -2___ Checked by Head of the department: Sapargaliyeva A. D.
PLAN INTRODUCTION MICRO DESCRIPTION: Well-differentiated liposarcoma Pleomorphic liposarcoma Dedifferentiated liposarcoma Myxoid liposarcoma GROSS DESCRIPTION ETIOLOGY REFERENCE
INTRODUCTION Liposarcomas are a heterogenous class of sarcomas with differentiation towards adipose tissue. The lipoblast (signet ring-type cell) is a hallmark of liposarcomas
SITES Usually lower limbs, retroperitoneum, trunk, head and neck region, also paratesticular, mediastinum or subcutaneous tissue Unusual sites include parotid gland, esophagus, mesentry, breast
There are four types of liposarcoma, each with its own unique characteristics and behaviors: Well-differentiated liposarcoma Myxoid liposarcoma Pleomorphic liposarcoma Dedifferentiated liposarcoma
Well-differentiated liposarcoma
Well-differentiated liposarcoma shows features similar to lipoma, with a mixture of normal-appearing adipocytes intermixed with atypical adipocytes (figures 1, 2). The atypical cells are hyperchromatic, pleomorphic and irregular. Figure 1 Figure 2
In addition, lipoblasts are commonly found – these have a multivacuolated cytoplasm in which the vacuoles dent the atypical nucleus (figures 3, 4). Figure 3 Figure 4
Less common well differentiated liposarcoma exist, including a sclerosing variant (figure 5). Figure 5
Pleomorphic liposarcoma
Pleomorphic liposarcoma may be difficult to recognize as being lipomatous in origin (figures 6, 7). These are composed of frankly atypical mesenchymal cells often with numerous mitoses and necrosis. Figure 6 Figure 7
Dedifferentiated liposarcoma
Dedifferentiated liposarcoma is defined as a well differentiated liposarcoma with dedifferentiation into a sarcoma with a different morphology. neural-like or meningothelial-like whorls of spindle cells.
Myxoid liposarcoma
Myxoid liposarcoma is a highly characteristic tumour composed of abundant mucin deposition and a plexiform capillary network.
Gross description
Well circumscribed, lobulated, soft, greasy to rubbery mass (see figure 5). In the retroperitoneum there may be multiple discontinuous masses. The cut surface varies from yellow to white (and firm) depending on the proportion of adipocytic, fibrous and/or myxoid areas. Areas of fat necrosis are common in larger lesions. Rarely an infiltrative growth pattern may be encountered.
Gross picture showing one portion of a whitish, elastic-hard nodule located in the small bowel wall and the other portion of yellow, soft nodule located in the small bowel mesentery.
ETIOLOGY AND PATHOGENESIS
Pathogenesis is unknown. It is not known to develop from benign lipomas; trauma has been implicated. Fusion proteins created by chromosomal abnormalities are key components of mesenchymal cancer development. An abnormality of band 12 q 13 has been associated with the development of liposarcomas. The most common chromosomal translocation is the FUSCHOP fusion gene, which encodes a transcription factor necessary for adipocyte differentiation.
DIFFERENCE BETWEEN LIPOMA AND LIPOSARCOMA
LIPOMA benign tumor Simil arities Made of fat LIPOSARCOMA malignant tumor Arises mostly in skin Never arises in skin most often grows on thigh, groin or at the back of the abdomen. It is localized in the subcutaneous, intramuscular and subfascial organ tissue in the back, neck, limbs, abdominal wall, buttocks, preperitoneal area. Has irregular slices and layer of fibrous connective tissue. Surrounded by a thin capsule. It can reach very high values. Sometimes the plural. often traversed by dense bands of collagen, have gelatinous areas, and have adipocytes that show greater variation in size than an ordinary lipoma may be locally or marginally resected when symptomatic or causing cosmetic deformities require long term follow-up Local and can’t metastasize Can metastasize
Reference http: //atlasgeneticsoncology. org/Tumors/Well. Diff. Liposarco ma. ID 5167. html http: //www. pathologyoutlines. com/topic/softtissueinflamlip osarcoma. html http: //emedicine. medscape. com/article/1102007 -clinical#b 5 http: //www. ncbi. nlm. nih. gov/pmc/articles/PMC 3158862/fi gure/F 2/ http: //www. orthobullets. com/pathology/8068/liposarcoma
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