Decane (what is the formula? _______) Catalyst (broken clay pot or aluminium oxide (Al 2 O 3) water
Decane (what is the formula? _______) What is the Structural formula - Draw in your jotter) H H H C C C C C H H H
H H H H H C C C C C H H H Decane Draw 4 isomers of decane c c c c ccc c ccc c c c cc c H
When we “crack” DECANE what are the possible products formed? How do you prove you have formed these products? H H C H H H H C C C C C H H H H H C C C H H H c c H H H H
Annapurna
Saturated (Single Bonds) Alkanes Cycloalkanes Can be Hydrocarbons Ethene CH 2=CH 2 Pentene CH 3 CH 2 CH=CH 2 Can be Unsaturated (Double Bond) Alkenes
Saturated or Unsaturated? H H C H H Saturated C H CH 2 Saturated C H C Saturated H H C C H H H C C C Unsaturated H H C H H H H CH 2 CHCH 3 Unsaturated
Bromine Water Br Double Bonds Undergo Br Addition Reactions H H C C C H H In Addition Reactions The double bond Breaks and bromine atoms are added to both sides of the double bond
Addition of Hydrogen (H 2) H H C C C H H H Propene. Propane + Hydrogen The double bond Breaks and Hydrogen atoms are added to both sides of the double bond H
Alkenes into Alkanes 1. Now write this Hexene + Hydrogen reactions using the Hexane Structural Formulae C 6 H 12 H 2 + C 6 H 14
Alkenes into Alkanes 2. Octene + Hydrogen C 8 H 16 + H 2 Octane C 8 H 18
Saturated? C 2 H 6 C 10 H 20 C 4 H 10 C 20 H 42 C 4 H 8 ? C 7 H 14 ? C 60 H 122 ? C 4 H 8 ? C 8 H 18 C 11 H 22 ? C 15 H 30 ?
Alkenes and Cycloalkanes Isomers from different Homologous Series Unsaturated Alkenes C 4 H 8 Cn. H 2 n Cycloalkanes Saturated C 4 H 8
C 4 H 8 Unsaturated H H C C H Saturated CH 2 H H H Butene Reacts with Bromine Cyclobutane Unreactive No Reaction with Bromine
C 5 H 10 A B Pentene Cyclopentane ► Describe how you could find out, which test tube contained pentene and which test tube contained cyclopentane ►Only Tube A decolourised bromine water.
Bromine Water ► Alkenes react with Bromine water. ► The bromine water changes from brown to clear. ► Tube A must contain Pentene Alkene Bromine Water Alkane
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