Dale Pietrzak Ed D LPC-MH CCMHC Sixteen

Dale Pietrzak, Ed. D. , LPC-MH, CCMHC Sixteen Personality Factor Questionnaire: 5 th Edition

Personality Test Types tom p F cus o Clinical Normal MMPI-2 MCMI-III BPI 16 PF CPI Rorschach Holtzman HTP TAT ER’s ym S Objective Projective Tr ait -M oti ve

3 Domains of of Assessment Cattell & Johnson, 1986; Leary, 1957 • Ability: What the person can do • Motive: What the person desires • Personality: What the person is like (Character) What on earth is he talking about!? !

3 Types of Personality Data • Life Data: Personality as it is revealed in everyday behavior • Question Data: Person’s self-report of any type • Test Data: Person’s responses to contrived situations, a non-conscious presentation or inferential (Projectives, IQ, Situation) Cattell & Johnson, 1986; Leary, 1957

16 PF & Related • Constructed using factor analysis – Different factors for adults and children • 16 Primary Scales • 5 Second Order Factors • One of most used and researched instruments • A great deal of validity data

Administration & Scoring • • • This does not 1 hour supervised seem so bad. 6 th grade reading level Caution on using “b” 4 published keys (2 can be hand made) Calculation of Secondary Factors (No TV, movies, etc. )

Stability of Primary Scales Scale 2 Week 2 Month A. 83. 77 B. 69. 65 C. 75. 67 E. 77. 69 F. 82. 69 G. 80. 76 H. 80. 79 I. 87. 76 Scale 2 Week 2 Month L. 76. 56 M. 84. 67 N. 77. 70 O. 79. 64 Q 1. 83. 70 Q 2. 86. 69 Q 3. 80. 77 Q 4. 78. 68 Only 1 scale under. 75 (B) at 2 weeks.

Stability of Secondary Scales Scale Extraversion Anxiety Tough-Mindedness Independence Self-Control 2 Weeks 2 Months. 91. 80. 84. 70. 87. 82. 84. 81. 87. 79 At 2 weeks 84 to 91 percent of variance accounted for! At 2 months only anxiety is below. 70!

Consistency of Primary Scales Cronbach’s Alpha Scale Alpha A. 69 * B. 77 C. 78 E. 66 * F. 72 * G. 75 H. 85 I. 77 Scale Alpha L. 74 M. 74 N. 75 O. 78 Q 1. 64 * Q 2. 78 Q 3. 71 * Q 4. 76 * Most heterogeneous

16 PF Uses Sten Scores • Mean is 5. 5 and the standard deviation is 2 • Sten 3 is the 11 percentile & 8 the 89 percentile • Sten 2 is the 4 percentile and 9 the 96 percentile • 1 is the 1 percentile and 10 the 99 percentile I think I am Numbered out!

Primary Scales • • Factor A: Reserved-Warm Factor B: Concrete-Abstract Factor C: Emotionally Reactive-Stable Factor D: Low Activity-High Activity – (Child Only) • Factor E: Deferential-Dominant • Factor F: (Liveliness) Serious-Enthusiastic • Factor G: Nonconforming- Dutiful

Primary Scales Con’t • Factor H: Shy-Socially Bold • Factor I: Objective, Unsentimental-Sensitive • Factor J: Low Attention Seeking-Internally Oriented (Child Only) • Factor L: Trusting-Suspicious, Skeptical • Factor M: Workable Oriented-Idea Oriented • Factor N: Forthright- Private, Discreet (Tact)

Primary Scales Con’t • Factor O: Self-Assured-Apprehensive Factor Q 1: Attached to Familiar-Open to Change • Factor Q 2: Group Oriented-Self Reliant • Factor Q 3: Tolerates Disorder-Self Disciplined, Perfectionistic • Factor Q 4: Relaxed, Placid-Tense (Muscle), High Energy, Impatient

Secondary Factor Equations • • • 1 Extravertion: (. 3 A+. 3 F+. 2 H-. 3 N-. 3 Q 2+4. 4) Anxiety: (-. 4 C+. 3 L+. 4 O+. 4 Q 4+1. 65) Self-Control: (-. 2 F+. 4 G-. 3 M+. 4 Q 3+3. 85) Independence: (. 6 E+. 3 H+. 2 L+. 3 Q 1 -2. 2) Tough-Mindedness: (-. 2 A-. 5 I-. 3 M-. 5 Q 1+13. 75) Take me to your numbers 1 Use the STEN Scores from Primary Scales.

Scoring Example Extraversion Extravertion: (. 3 A+. 3 F+. 2 H-. 3 N-. 3 Q 2+4. 4) Scale A F H N Q 2 Constant Sten 7 7 9 4 5 4. 4 Weight +. 3 +. 2 -. 3 --Sten Rounded: Total 2. 1 1. 8 -1. 2 -1. 5 4. 4 7. 7 8. 0

Secondary Factor Meanings • EX: Introverted-Extraverted (Socially participating) • AX: Little Anxiety-High Anxiety • TM: Open-minded, Intuitive-Tough-Minded, Unempatetic • IN: Accommodating, Selfless-Independent, Willful • SC: Unrestrained, Self-Controlled, Inhibited

Response Style Scales • Impression Management: 95 percentile call Fake Good; 5 th percentile call fake bad • Infrequency: 95 percentile call invalid – Hand scoring you must make your own key • Acquiescence: 95 percentile invalid “true response set”; 5 percentile call invalid “false response set” – Hand scoring you must make your own key

Interpretation Process • Assess Validity (Impression Management, Infrequency, Acquiescence) • Extreme Scale for Broad Factors (1, 2, 3 and 8, 9, 10) • Extreme Scales Primary Factors (1, 2, 3 and 8, 9, 10) • Scale Interactions (Clinical Judgment)

A B C E F G H I L M N O Q 1 Q 2 Q 3 Q 4 10 7 3 2 4 7 9 8 8 6 4 7 5 3 4 5 16 PF Example 36 Year Old Male EX: AX: SC: IN: TM: 8 8 6 5 3 Extremes EX+ AX+ TMA+ CEH+ I+ L+ Q 2 - Ranked ---A+ EH+ CI+ L+ Q 2 -

16 PF Example Con’t A+ = Needs Others E- = Adaptable (passive) H+ = Socially Bold C- = Emotionally Reactive I+ = Sensitive L+ = Suspicious Q 2 - = Group-Oriented EX: Extraverted AX: Anxious TM: Hypersensitive White Male, Age 34. . .

Class Discussion: 16 PF Discuss and provide examples of how to administer and score the 16 PF.

Class Discussion: Projectives • TAT • House-Tree-Person • Goodenough-Harris Draw a Person