Cyclic Technologies™ Bicycle Anti-lock Braking System ENSC 440/ 305 Fall 2008
Team Organization • Milad Gougani Project Manager • Zachary Blair Software Engineer • Amir Tavakoli Quality Assurance Engineer • Datis Danesh Electronics Engineer • Rahm Lavon Mechanical Engineer
Project • First generation of smart bicycles • Hydraulic ABS equipped • Advanced features Ø Interactive menu Ø Speedometer Ø Odometer
Motivation • Transport Canada recorded 60 bicyclist fatalities and thousands of bicyclist injuries in 2001 [1] • Helmets are used to protect cyclists in the event of an accident, but keeping safe on a bike is largely about avoiding accidents in the first place need for safety • Bicycle is one of the few vehicles on the road with no or little improvement since its invention • Market potential (one-of-a-kind system) an opportunity to make money
Overview • • • System Overview Speed Sensor Electronic Control Unit (ECU) Hydraulic Control Unit (HCU) Business Case Conclusion
![System Overview [2]](https://present5.com/presentation/a18f31cd3a36639040a7e46b0d8f1c22/image-6.jpg "System Overview [2]")
System Overview [2]
System Overview
Speed Sensor - Hardware No power consumption !
Speed Sensor - Software distance Speed = time distance time
Speed Sensor – alternatives • Hall effect sensor • a transducer that varies its output voltage in response to changes in magnetic field • Optical sensor • a light-emitting diode illuminating a phototransistor
ECU - Hardware • Data Acquisition • processing the sensor signal • Brake Actuation • driving Hydraulic Control Unit • User Interface • interfacing the system with the user
Data Acquisition • A/D is done by utilizing a comparator (Schmitt trigger) more stable switching against rapid triggering by noise
Brake Actuation • interfacing HCU (pump/valve) to the microcontroller
Brake Actuation
ECU – Hardware cont’d • Atmel ATmega 162 microcontroller • 16 k. B of program memory. ~ 40% used • 4 timers, input capture, PWM • EEPROM for storing config • HD 44780 LCD display • Industry standard controller
User Interface • interfacing information to the user
ECU - Software • Brake Actuation • implementing control algorithm • User Interface • interfacing information to the LCD
Brake Actuation
User Interface
User Interface Features • Menu-driven interface with softkeys • Button debouncing and typematic key repeat • Programmable backlight intensity • Configuration stored in non-volatile memory
Hydraulic Control Unit
Hydraulic Control Unit
Hydraulic Brake – alternatives • Cable brake • Hydro viscous brake • Eddy current brake
Business Case • Market • Cost • Financing • Competition
No Recession for Bicycle Makers
Need in the Market • Bicycles have little or no protection • Big demand for safety • Helmets, gloves, goggles, knee pads, … ØProtect cyclist in an accidents ØDo not prevent accidents
Cost
Financing • We covered all the costs ØBelieve in the product ØStart business ØKeep the product loyalty
Competition • There is no similar product in the market • It is a Unique design • The Hydraulic ABS system will give us an edge
Estimated Product Cost
Potential Market for Bicycle ABS • Professional Athletes • training bicycle • Novice Cyclist • Everyday Commuters • Electric scooters
Professional Athletes
Professional Athletes
Novice cyclists
Everyday Commuters
Electric Scooters
Other potential market • Mountain Bike Riders • Youth • Bicycle rental retail stores
Lessons learned … • Systematic approach to circuit design is needed to ensure a robust product • Buy a lot of spare parts • Do not underestimate Integration of working modules
Future Plan • light weight • lower power consumption • autonomous • more features Ø front-wheel speed monitoring Ø heart rate monitor Ø statistics Ø USB interface Ø rear view camera
![References [1] Canada. Transport Canada, “Road Safety in Canada – 2001”, Transport Canada. [Online].](https://present5.com/presentation/a18f31cd3a36639040a7e46b0d8f1c22/image-40.jpg "References [1] Canada. Transport Canada, “Road Safety in Canada – 2001”, Transport Canada. [Online].")
References [1] Canada. Transport Canada, “Road Safety in Canada – 2001”, Transport Canada. [Online]. Available: http: //www. tc. gc. ca/roadsafety/tp/tp 13951/2001/page 7. htm [Accessed: Sept. 21, 2008] [2]“Anti-lock Braking System” in Wikipedia, History, Sept. 18, 2008. [Online]. Available: http: //en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Anti-lock_braking_system [Accessed: Sept. 21, 2008].
Questions ?
System Block Diagram
Overall Electronics Schematic
Team Work
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