Independent Research.pptx
- Количество слайдов: 111
Curriculum Compacting and Differentiated Independent Study
CURRICULUM AREAS TO BE CONSIDERED FOR COMPACTING Provide a brief description of basic material to be covered during this marking period and the assessment PROCEDURES FOR information or evidence that suggests COMPACTING BASIC a need for compacting. MATERIAL. Describe activities that will be used to guarantee complete proficiency in basic curricular areas. ACCELERATION AND/OR ENRICHMENT ACTIVITIES. Describe activities that will be used to provide advanced learning experiences to replace regular instruction.
Before You Start…. Learn About Your Kids • Pre-Test Information • Interest Inventories • Learning Styles Think about your curriculum • Which are essential objectives? • Which require formal teaching? • Which are school priorities?
Abe
CURRICULUM AREAS TO BE CONSIDERED FOR COMPACTING(for this child) Provide a brief description of evidence that suggests a need for compacting or basic material to be covered during this marking period and the assessment information. Grammar Facts. Abraham answered 90% of the chapter test items correctly on the pretest. All missed items were related to compound sentences. Who gets Pre-tested? What’s Good Enough for ‘Mastery’? When would you make an exception to this rule?
Record of Compacted Material Student Name: _______________ This Student Already Knows… How you determined that the student reached mastery goes here (pretest scores). Be DETAILED! And will make up gaps in knowledge by… The Differentiated Content will be…
Record of Compacted Material Student Name: _______________ This Student Already Knows… Abe scored 90% correct on the Pretest of Chapter 7 Grammar Facts, missed only compound sentence items. And will make up gaps in knowledge by… The Differentiated Content will be…
How will you ensure that ALL of the basics are accounted for? PROCEDURES FOR COMPACTING BASIC MATERIAL. Describe activities that will be used to guarantee proficiency in basic curricular areas.
Record of Compacted Material Student Name: _______________ This Student Already Knows… And will make up gaps in knowledge by… How you will account for GAPS in knowledge (or telescope) goes HERE. The Differentiated Content will be…
Methods of “Filling the Gap” Independent work in text Coming back to class for a specific lesson Weaving into differentiated learning Short-term special study group
Record of Compacted Material Student Name: _______________ This Student Already Knows… And will make up gaps in knowledge by… Abe will participate in regular class activity on the during the day that we discuss compound sentences. The Differentiated Content will be…
ACCELERATION AND/OR ENRICHMENT ACTIVITIES. Find something MEANGINFUL And ALIGNED for the student(s) to do Describe activities that will be used to provide advanced learning experiences to replace regular instruction.
Record of Compacted Material Student Name: _______________ This Student Already Knows… And will make up gaps in knowledge by… The Differentiated Content will be… Enrichment is described here and detailed in a contract
What to do? Go DEEPER Go FASTER Go BEYOND HOW? Use your DIFFERENTIATION Strategies! In combination with 1) Your Curriculum Goals 2) Student Interests 3) Resources
Record of Compacted Material Student Name: _______________ This Student Already Knows… And will make up gaps in knowledge by… The Differentiated Content will be… Abe will create a book of poetry about colors
Record of Compacted Material Student Name: _______________ This Student Already Knows… And will make up gaps in knowledge by… How you determined that the student reached mastery goes here! What you will do to 1) fill gaps or to 2) telescope learning, including how you will assess! The Differentiated Content will be… How the student will spend his/her time is described here and detailed in a contract One ROW for each time you compact this student
Differentiated Self-Directed Learning Moving Towards Expertise Don Treffinger Sandra Kaplan Shelagh Gallagher
Goals To help students become independent researchers To help students engage in deep thinking without direct instruction from a teacher! To have students engage in a research study About something related to a current topic of study About something they find interesting About something new they know nothing about
Why is Treffinger’s Self-Directed Learning Model PARTICULARLY well suited to Gifted Students? the need of gifted individuals for self-determination Entelechy a vital force directing life and growth toward one’s own destiny that allows one to pursue goals despite any obstacles. (Lovecky, 1992) Gifted students are more independent and less conforming to peer opinions, more dominant, more forceful, and more competitive than typical learners.
Gifted Students Crave Independence and KNOW a lot but you need MORE than that to be self directed. . . Research Tools Few Many Thinking Skills Rough Refined Attitudes/Dispositions Immature Mature
Treffinger’s Assumptions about Self. Directed Learning Neither random nor disorganized Not ‘unstructured’ Not solitary Goes beyond pace Includes student selection of content and outcomes Evaluation is part of the process Involved skills which are acquired through instructional experiences Goes beyond providing activities for students to do
Assumptions about Teaching: Divided into Four Parts Identification of Goals and Objectives (Content) Assessment of Entering Behavior Identification and implementation of Instructional Procedures (Process) Assessment of Performance
Three Steps to Self Direction in Four Areas Goals and Objectives Assessment of Entry Behav. Instructional Procedures Assessment of Performance S 1 S 2 S 3
Independence Comes at Different Rates *Goals and Objectives *Assessment of Entry Behaviors *Instructional Procedures *Assessment of Performance
Three Steps to Self-Direction. . . Student Selects from Teacher. Developed Options Student and Teacher Negotiate Options Student Selects Options (w/Approval)
Differentiating Self-Directed Learning: A Closer Look Sarah Michael Maria
Sarah Goals and Objectives Michael Maria
Sarah Assessment of Entry Behavior Michael Maria
Sarah Instructional Behaviors (Process) Michael Maria
Sarah Assessment Michael Maria
Stage 1: Selecting From Options Teacher designs and selects appropriate activities Teacher designs assessment for entry skills Teacher selects activities from options Teacher details assessment procedures Learning Center
Stage 2: Negotiating Options Student works with teacher to select options Self-assesses skills with teacher’s help Negotiates procedures and timelines with teacher Peer assessment with teacher input DETAILED contract
Competencies for Investigation Recognize and understand a Organization variety of investigatory techniques Know how to select data and why they are used Organize data in a variety of ways Know what sources are available and appropriate for investigation Know how to Analyze and Interpret Data Know why and how sources are organized Understand how to assess data from a variety of viewpoints; how to assess interpretations of the same data
Stage 3: Self-Selected Options True Self-Direction Student selected topic, procedures, assessment Timeline OK by teacher, check-in as necessary
Organizing Content and Process Organizing the Classroom
Organizing Content and Process HOW DO WE MAKE THIS MANAGEABLE? ? Controlling the Scope with a Central
Organizing Content and Process HOW DO WE MAKE THIS MANAGEABLE? ? Controlling the Scope with a Central
HOW DO WE MAKE THIS MANAGEABLE? ? Making the curriculum Concept-Centered
HOW DO WE MAKE THIS MANAGEABLE? ? Making the curriculum Concept-Centered
Most RIGOROUS Approach
How to Direct a Student’s Thinking towards EXPERTISE
Kaplan’s Depth and Complexity Icons Each element represents One dimension of expert thinking The Icons (pictures) help students remember the different forms of thinking
General Thinking Skills Advanced Application (With Some Overlap)
How Do EXPERTS Think?
What are some of the Universal Ways Experts use to Look at Information?
The Beginning, Root, or Source of Something
The Significant Part or Result of Something
Ideas or Events that are Similar and Can be Compared to One Another
The Coming Together Or Meeting Point Of Events or Ideas
The Contradictory Elements Of an Event Or Idea
Additional Dimensions Of Expert Thinking inconsistency divergence innovation structure
Deviation Departure Discrepancy Disagreement Separation Nonconformity divergence
Makeup Arrangement Organization Configuration Construction Constitution Formation structure
Pivot Point Paradigm Shift Revolution Modernization Improvement Advance Originality Novelty innovation
Discrepancy Contradiction Variation Irregularity Changeability Unpredictability Conflict Malfunction inconsistency
Independent Project Planning Center Change during The Renaissance Cities Religion Economics Learning Transportation Science Politics Literature Art innovation structure Something else? _______
Content Imperatives and Conflict Content Analysis for ____________ What was the origin of This story’s conflict? What was contributed to the conflict What events converged to resolve the conflict How is the conflict similar to another story? In what why is the conflict a paradox? Based on the Work of S. Kaplan
Content Imperatives and Systems Content Analysis for ____________ structure How is cell structure A system? inconsisten cy What happens where There is an inconsistency In this system? innovation What ideas converged to Find ways of correcting Flaw in the system? What innovations Across time Have produced new Ways supporting Cell systems?
Activity: Content Imperatives with Your Content
http: //www. criticalthinking. org/ctmodel/logic -model. php
The Next Level: Authentic Science Research
Quick Issue Should Sarah, Michael and Maria work together?
Creative Problem Solving Packet http: //www. roe 11. k 12. il. us/GES%20 Stuff/Day%204/Process/Creative%20 Prob lem%20 Solving/CPS-Mitchell%20&%20 Kowalik. pdf
Content Topic + Thinking Focus +
Self-Directed Learning http: //selfdirectedlearning. com/
RUBRICS for CREATIVE and CRITICAL THINKING
What Are the Qualities of An Excellent Product?
Clarity understandable, the meaning can be grasped: provides elaboration, examples, illustrations
Accuracy free from errors or distortions, true : validated, through, verifiable
Precision exact to the necessary level of detail: is specific, detailed, exact
Relevant relating to the matter at hand : related to problem question brings clarity to question, contributes to understanding
Depth containing complexities and multiple interrelationships: identifies factors that lead to difficulties, identifies complexities, accounts for difficulties
Breadth encouraging multiple viewpoints: considers perspectives, points of view
Logic the parts make sense together, no contradictions: do the facts make sense together, does your first paragraph it with your last, do statements follow from evidence
Significance focusing on the important, not trivial: is the most important idea to consider, is it the central idea, which of these facts is most important
Fairness justifiable, not self-serving or onesided: do I have a vested interest, am I fairly representing the other side
The Whole List Clarity Accuracy Precision Relevant Depth Breadth Logic Significance Fairness Validity Rationality Sufficiency Necessity Feasibility Consistency Authenticity Effectiveness Efficiency Parsimony Fecundity
Clear Relevant Fair Broad Clear Significant Justifiable Clear Significant Logical Precision Clear Precise Significant Relevant Clear Relevant Accurate Clear Relevant Clear Deep Relevant Clear Logical Relevant
What is Excellence? How do We Describe Excellence? Creativity
Problem Continuum Matrix
Problem Continuum Matrix Three Aspects of a Problem: Problem Method Solution Two People (or Groups): Person PRESENTING the Problem Person SOLVING the Problem Two Levels of Awareness: Known Unknown
Problem Continuum Matrix Problem Presenter Solver
Problem Continuum Matrix Problem Method Solution Presenter Solver Known Known Unknown
Problem Continuum Matrix Problem Method Solution Presenter Solver Type 1 Known Known Unknown Type 2 Known Unknown Type 3 Known Range Unknown Known Unknown Type 4 Known Range Unknown Type 5 Known Unknown Type 6 Unknown Unknown
Problem Type I Problem is Known to the Presenter and the Solver Method is Known to the Presenter and the Solver Solution is Known (Certain) to Presenter and the Solver 4+7=?
Problem Type II Problem is Known to the Presenter and the Solver Method is Known to the Presenter, NOT the Solver Solution is Known (Certain) to the Presenter, NOT the Solver Read the story and then answer the comprehension questions. “Jenny had 3 pet birds. One of them flew away and one of them died. How many pet birds does Jenny have now? ”
Problem Type III Problem is Known to the Presenter and the Solver A Range of Methods are Known to the Presenter, NOT the Solver Solution is Known (Certain) to Presenter, NOT the Solver Write a triangular poem. In the middle draw or past a picture of the plant or animal that is the subject of your poem. “Jerrica had 10 toys. She gave 5 toys to her sister and 3 toys to her brother. How many toys does Jerrica have now? ”
Problem Type IV Problem is Known to the Presenter and the Solver A Range of Methods are Known to the Presenter, NOT the Solver A Range of Solutions are Known to the Presenter, NOT the Solver Imagine you’ve been in the desert for a couple of weeks. Write a letter to your family about your adventure Given three numbers, 2, 5, and 3 write correct addition and subtraction problems using ONLY those numbers.
Problem Type V Problem is Known to the Presenter and the Solver Numerous Methods are Available Numerous Solutions are Possible Given any number, for example 9, develop as many problems as possible with that number as the answer.
Problem Type VI The Exact Nature of the Problem is Unclear to the Presenter and the Solver Numerous Methods are Available Numerous Solutions are Possible, and a Certain May Not Exist “choose a number, an operation, or any other math idea, and show it in the best way you can. ”
Interactions I: Students make careful observations of different animals, looking at the relationship between the position of the animal’s eyes and their eating habits. II: Students looked at the eyes of different animals. They categorized the animals and found that those with eyes in front at meat and those with eyes on the side ate grass and plants. III: Students were asked to think about why animals have eyes in different positions. IV: Students were asked to think about the principle and form an hypothesis about the relationships between plant and animal structures and functions V: Students conducted their own investigations about structure and function in nature and outside of nature.
Habitats/Adaptation Deserts Humans as well as animals and plants learn to adapt to their own environment. I: Accurately label the pictures in a drawing or photo by matching the correct term with the element in the photograph. II: Fill in the blank spaces of the paragraph below. Choose the correct word from the word box below. III: Using your vocabulary words create a story about a desert creature. IV: Write a report about the desert or. Using Power. Point, make a presentation of the things you learned about the desert V: Gather information to present to a panel of environmentalists and discuss with them how your school can protect the desert environment. VI: A recent wildfire has triggered concern among homeowners. You are a biologist and you have been asked to make recommendations about how to reduce wildfires in the desert.
Levels of Challenge in Graphic Organizers
Burggraf, F. (1998) Thinking Connections: Concept Maps for Life Science