CULTURE OF KAZAKHSTAN Ayauly Talgat 115 group

CULTURE OF KAZAKHSTAN Ayauly Talgat, 115 group

WHAT IS CULTURE? Culture socially transmitted knowledge shared by some group of people. everything that people have, think, and do as members of society. the nonbiological means of human adaptation. all cultures are made up of material objects, ideas, values and attitudes and patterned ways of behaving. In 1873, Edward Tylor, sometimes called the "father of anthropology" introduced the concept of culture as an explanation of the differences among human societies. Tylor defined culture as "that complex whole which includes knowledge, belief, art, law, morals, custom, and any other capabilities acquired by man as a member of society. " He defined anthropology as the study of culture.

CULTURAL UNIVERSALS Despite many differences, there are some underlying similarities with cultures. Can you think of what they are? Some Cultural Universals Art Bodily Adornment Cooking Education Family Incest Taboos Language Music

ART

BODILY ADORNMENT: PIERCING Male with pierced ear, Iraq, 9 th century B. C A woman with pierced ears and stretched lobes, Borneo, 1988 http: //www. museum. upenn. edu/new/exhibits/onlin e_exhibits/body_modification/bodmodintro. shtml Male with multiple ear piercings, suburban Philadelphia, 1998

BODILY ADORNMENT: TATTOOING Tattooing comb, The plate of the comb is made of bone and turtle shell. Samoan Islands, 19 th century Portrait of Tawhaiao Potatau Whero, a Maori chief, New Zealand, 19 th century tattooed chief at Taiohae, Nukuhiva drawing, 19 th century http: //www. museum. upenn. edu/new/exhi bits/online_exhibits/body_modification/bo dmodintro. shtml

BODILY ADORNMENT: PAINTING woman with face painting Papua, New Guinea, 1982 Decorated for an annual festival Need I say more? http: //www. museum. upenn. edu/new/exhibits/onli ne_exhibits/body_modification/bodmodintro. shtml

BODILY ADORNMENT: NECK RINGS The Pa Dong Village of Nai Soi, Thailand Ndebele woman, S. Africa

FLAG OF KAZAKHSTAN The current flag of Kazakhstan was adopted on 4 June 1992. The flag was designed by Shaken Niyazbekov. The eagle symbolizes the power of the state. For the modern nation of Kazakhstan the eagle is a symbol of independence, freedom and flight to future. The national flag of the Republic of Kazakhstan has a gold sun with 32 rays above a soaring golden steppe eagle, both centered on a sky blue background; the hoist side displays a national ornamental pattern "koshkar-muiz" (the horns of the ram) in gold; it also represents the endless sky as well as water; the sun, a source of life and energy, exemplifies wealth and plenitude; the sun's rays are shaped like grain, the eagle represents freedom, power, and the flight to the future Blue color has a religious significance representing the sky god. Tengri, "the eternal wide blue sky". The light blue color also symbolizes cultural and ethnic unity of Kazakhstan people.

SYMBOL OF KAZAKHSTAN IS SNOW LEOPARD In Kazakhstan, people always respected this leopard as a strongest and proundest animal. Its favourite habitant is on mountain peaks of the Tien Shan. Snow Leopards have long thick fur, and their base colour varies from smoky grey to yellowish tan, with whitish underparts. They have dark grey to black open rosettes on their body with small spots of the same color on their heads and larger spots on their legs and tail. Unusually among cats, their eyes are pale green or grey in colour. Snow leopard was chosen as a symbol of 7 th Asian Winter Games which will be hosted in Astana and Almaty in January -February 2011. It’s called Irby. The name Irby is determined by the following characteristics: good, cheerful, bright, light, safe.

Kazakhstan location Kazakhstan is located in the center of the Eurasian landmass in what is known as Central Asia. It’s the heart of Eurasia. Peaceful and generous , the land of kazakh has always been famous for its hospitality. It’s not by accident, located on the crossroads of two ancient cultures – Europe and Asia. Kazakhstan is bordered on the east by China, on the south by Kyrgyzstan and Uzbekistan, on the west by the Caspian Sea, and on the north by Russia. With a total surface area of 2, 717, 300 square kilometers, Kazakhstan is the ninth-largest country in the world. The northern border with Russia, which spans 6, 846 kilometers, is the longest continuous bi-national border in the world. Kazakhstan is a country of superlatives. It sweeps from the high mountain border regions near China across the mineral rich regions of Eastern Kazakhstan, then further west across broad expanses of plains to the oil-rich regions of Western Kazakhstan near the shore of the Caspian Sea. To the south, Kazakhstan is bordered by the Aral Sea and the deserts of Central Asia. Kazakhstan is rich in oil, gas, and other mineral resources including gold, iron ore, coal, copper, chrome, and zinc. Massive Soviet. Kazakhstan is home to the Baikonur Soviet Cosmodrome. Kazakhstan is also home to the main Soviet nuclear weapons testing range, not used since 1992, located near the city of Semipalatinsk in the northeastern part of the country. The population of Kazakhstan is about 16 million people.

Winter Spring The steppe covered with tulips We have 4 seasons. There is extreme continental climate in Kazakhstan, therefore the temperature in winter reaches -350 C , and in summer 350 C of heat , in spring and in autumn from 00 C to 100 C. Autumn Summer

ASTANA & BAITEREK MONUMENT Height: 97 m, height with a spire- 105 m; Sphere’s diameter: 22 m. This is quay of the Ishim River. Astana, the capital of the Republic of Kazakhstan since 1997, is situated on a picturesque bank of the Ishim River. The Astana Baiterek Monument (Baiterek Tower) has become the city's symbol and its main landmark. The Baiterek Tower symbolizes a fairytale tree of life described in the legends of the Kazakh people. According to the saga, a magic bird called Samruk layed an egg in the branches of this tree. So this monument represents a "tree" with an egg on top (22 metres in size). The height of the construction is 105 meters. At the mark of 97 meters there is an observation deck providing a bird's eye view of the city. The figure of 97 was not chosen at random. It symbolizes the year (1997) of relocating the capital city of Kazakhstan from Almaty to Astana. The Baiterek Tower accommodates an art gallery, a large aquarium and a restaurant. In 1999 by decision of UNESCO, Astana was awarded the title of World City.

There are some Kazakh phrases: Good morning ! = Қайырлы таң ! Good afternoon! = Қайырлы күн ! Good evening ! = Қайырлы кеш ! How are you ? = Қал қалай ?

DISH OF NATIONAL KITCHEN : BAURSAKS Baursaks are one of the main national dishes of traditional kazakh kitchen. If you want to prepare baursaks you need: 0. 5 liter of milk; 2 spoons of mayonnaise ; 2 eggs; 1 spoon of yeast; 1 spoon of sugar; Mix salt, then sugar, yeast in warm milk. Add mayonnaise and eggs Carefully to mix knead the dough. Put it in warm place, in order to rise up. Then cut round pieces of dough. Their diameters have to be no t more than 1 cm. Fry them in vegetable oil , the pieces of the dough have to float freely in oil. Fry them until they become golden. READY!!!

KAZAKH NATIONAL CLOTHES Shapan The shapan is man’s outer robe made of velvet, velveteen or velour. It’s decorated with patterns in traditional style. Usually the shapan is presented to a noble and honored guests as a sight of one’s special favour and attention. Takhia The takhia is a men’s everyday cap which covers the top and back of the head.

ABAY KUNANBAEV Abay was greatest poet on Kazakh land. He was born on what is today the city of Karaul, in Abay District , East Kazakhstan Province in 1845. The son of Kunanbay and Uljan, Kunanbay's second wife, they named him Ibrahim, but because of his brightness, he soon was given the nickname "Abay" (meaning "careful"), a name that stuck for the rest of his life. This is the monument of Abay in Almaty. It’s the post mark with the image of Abay's main contribution to Kazakh culture and folklore lies in his poetry, which expresses great nationalism and grew out of Kazakh folk culture. Abay Kunanbayuli steeped himself in the cultural and philosophical history of these newly-opened geographies. In this sense, Abay's creative poetry affected the philosophical thinking of educated Kazakhs.

Thank you for attention.