Creative Processes Bionics British Higher School of Art

Creative Processes. Bionics. British Higher School of Art and Design Creative Processes 2008/09

British Higher School of Art and Design Creative Processes 2008/09 By Maria Stashenko BIONICS. Genesis. Bionics (also known as biomimetics, biognosis, biomimicry, or bionical creativity engineering) is the application of biological methods and systems found in nature to the study and design of engineering systems and modern technology. The word "bionic" was coined by Jack E. Steele in 1958, possibly originating from the Greek word "βίον", pronounced "bion", meaning "unit of life" and the suffix -ic, meaning "like" or "in the manner of", hence "like life". Some dictionaries, however, explain the word as being formed from "biology" + "electronics". Dr Steele's original meaning was the study of biological organisms to find solutions to engineering problems, a field now also known as biomimetics. http: //en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Bionics/

British Higher School of Art and Design Creative Processes 2008/09 By Maria Stashenko Bionics history: Leonardo da Vinci's flying machines and ships are early examples of drawing from nature in engineering. For much of his life, Leonardo was fascinated by the phenomenon of flight, producing many studies of the flight of birds, including his c. 1505 Codex on the Flight of Birds, as well as plans for several flying machines, including a helicopter and a light hang glider. [10] Most were impractical, but the hang glider has been successfully constructed and demonstrated. http: //en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Image: Design_for_a_Flying_Machine. jpg

British Higher School of Art and Design Creative Processes 2008/09 By Maria Stashenko Bionics history: Leonardo da Vinci http: //en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Image: Studies_of_the_Arm_showing_the_Movements_made_by_the_Biceps. jpg http: //en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Image: Leonardo_polyhedra. png

British Higher School of Art and Design Creative Processes 2008/09 By Maria Stashenko Bionics case: Velcro is the most famous example of biomimetics. In 1948, the Swiss engineer George de Mestral was cleaning his dog of burrs picked up on a walk when he realized how the hooks of the burrs clung to the fur. George de Mestral named his invention "Velcro", which is a portmanteau of the two French words velours, meaning 'velvet', and crochet, or 'hook' http: //en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Velcro//

British Higher School of Art and Design Creative Processes 2008/09 By Maria Stashenko Bionics case: Velcro is a brand name of fabric hook-and-loop fasteners. It consists of two layers: a "hook" side, which is a piece of fabric covered with tiny hooks, and a "loop" side, which is covered with even smaller and "hairier" loops. When the two sides are pressed together, the hooks catch in the loops and hold the pieces together. When the layers are separated, the strips make a characteristic "ripping" sound. http: //en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Velcro//

British Higher School of Art and Design Creative Processes 2008/09 By Maria Stashenko Bionics case:

British Higher School of Art and Design Creative Processes 2008/09 By Maria Stashenko Bionics case: Cat’s Eye По-русски: катафоты

British Higher School of Art and Design Creative Processes 2008/09 By Maria Stashenko Bionics case: Cat’s Eye Cat's eye reflectors were invented by Percy Shaw in 1935 after studying the mechanism of cat eyes. He had found that cats had a system of reflecting cells, known as tapetum lucidum, which was capable of reflecting the tiniest bit of light. http: //en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Image: Katzenauge 2. jpg

British Higher School of Art and Design Creative Processes 2008/09 By Maria Stashenko Bionics case: Mercedes-Benz bionic car http: //en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Image: Mercedes-Benz_bionic_car. jpg

British Higher School of Art and Design Creative Processes 2008/09 By Maria Stashenko Bionics case: Mercedes-Benz bionic car The exterior design was modelled after the yellow boxfish, a tropical fish that lives in coral reefs. Mercedes-Benz decided to model the Bionic after this fish due to the low coefficient of drag of its body shape and the rigidity of its exoskeleton; this influenced the car's unusual looks. Mercedes-Benz reported a drag coefficient of 0. 19; for comparison, the production vehicle with the lowest ever Cd value was the GM EV 1, at 0. 195, and this had a much smaller internal volume than the Bionic. When run at a constant speed of 90 km/h, fuel consumption decreases to only 2. 8 L/100 km. ! http: //en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Mercedes-Benz_Bionic

British Higher School of Art and Design Creative Processes 2008/09 By Maria Stashenko Bionics case: Mercedes-Benz bionic car http: //en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Mercedes-Benz_Bionic

British Higher School of Art and Design Creative Processes 2008/09 By Maria Stashenko Bionics case: Mercedes-Benz bionic car

British Higher School of Art and Design Creative Processes 2008/09 By Maria Stashenko Бионика и биомеханика Решение проблемы эрозии почв Швеция, 1968 год Бионика - изучение функциональных принципов биологических систем с целью применения в технологических разработках. Искусственные прицепляющиеся конструкции длиной в 40 см из биоразлагаемой пластмассы обсыпают семенами и закрепляют питательным биораствором. Распространение «репьев» в экспериментальных условиях решило проблему насаждения и укрепления почвенного слоя. «Принцип репейника» Виктор Папанек «Дизайн для реального мира» , 2004

British Higher School of Art and Design Creative Processes 2008/09 By Maria Stashenko Bionics case: Morphing aircraft wings "Morphing aircraft wings" that change shape according to the speed and duration of flight were designed in 2004 by biomimetic scientists from Penn State University. The morphing wings were inspired by different bird species that have differently shaped wings according to the speed at which they fly. In order to change the shape and underlying structure of the aircraft wings, the researchers needed to make the overlying skin also be able to change, which their design does by covering the wings with fish-inspired scales that could slide over each other. In some respects this is a refinement of the swing design. http: //en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Swing-wing

British Higher School of Art and Design Creative Processes 2008/09 By Maria Stashenko Bionics case: http: //en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Image: Lotus 3. jpg

British Higher School of Art and Design Creative Processes 2008/09 By Maria Stashenko Bionics case: Lotus effect paintings A paint for mineral, cement and concrete surfaces that is self cleaning. Using technology developed by German scientist Dr Wilhelm Barthlott, who has dubbed it Lotus-Effect, after studying the phenomenon of water beading on lotus leaf. The resulting paint induces biomimicry by causing rain to ‘pearl off’ sliding down the wall. This is said to reduce the “buildup of micro-organisms (algae, bacteria, fungus) which flourish in damp and dirty conditions. ” Thus keeping the facade clean and maintenance free. http: //www. treehugger. com/files/2005/09/sto_lotusan_bio. php

British Higher School of Art and Design Creative Processes 2008/09 By Maria Stashenko Bionics case: Pine cones http: //en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Conifer_cone

British Higher School of Art and Design Creative Processes 2008/09 By Maria Stashenko Bionics case: Pine cones Julian Vincent drew from the study of pinecones when he developed in 2004 "smart" clothing that adapts to changing temperatures. "I wanted a nonliving system which would respond to changes in moisture by changing shape", he said. "There are several such systems in plants, but most are very small — the pinecone is the largest and therefore the easiest to work on". Pinecones respond to warmer temperatures by opening their scales (to disperse their seeds). The smart fabric does the same thing, opening up when it is warm, and shutting tight when cold. http: //en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Bionics#Examples_of_biomimetics