Corruption in Russia Timothy Lissovsky

Corruption in Russia Timothy Lissovsky

• • Corruption in Russia Index of perception of corruption History of corruption in Russia Areas of corruption and causes Anti-bribery legislation Bribery – huge problem for development Conclusion Overview

• Russia is on the 154 th place out of 178 in the Corruption Perceptions Index published by Transparency International. • According to some expert estimates, the market for corruption in the country exceeded US$240 billion in 2006. • According to a poll conducted in early 2010, 15% of Russians reported to have paid a bribe in the past 12 months. Corruption in Russia

Index of perception of corruption

• Till 1715 the corruption in Russia was legal. • Since 1715 officials began to receive salaries and bribery became a crime. However, that hadn’t stopped bribery. • In Soviet Russia bribery was punished by death. • On 20 November 2009, the State Duma adopted a law, which allows officials to make the citizens pay for "public services" and "public function". According to the Russian parliamentary opposition parties CPRF and LDPR, this effectively legalizes corruption. History of corruption in Russia

The growth of corruption in Russia

• Medical organizations: bribes to procure equipment and medicine for higher prices, to get false medical papers/certificates, to get served faster at the expense of other customers; • Bureaucracy: to get necessary papers, permits etc. ; • Tenders for goods/services procurement from budgetary funds; • Release from army service; • Governmental registration, certification and accreditation of private higher education institutions; • Employing to state and municipal establishments with high illegal revenue; And so on. Areas of corruption and reasons

• Score 10 is corruption free, higher rank means more corruption

The Criminal Code envisages punishment for bribery even in cases when bribes do not lead to illegal acts commitment. This encourages civil servants to take bribes for carrying out their straight duties, as they can't be held liable for committing illegal acts and at the same time they are protected from bribe-givers' denouncement by the existing law. Problems with anti-bribery legislation

• Russian anti-corruption campaign is an ongoing effort by the Russian government to curb corruption, which has been recognized as one of Russia's most serious problems. • National Anti-Corruption Plan, introduced by President Dmitry Medvedev in 2009. • National Anti-Corruption Strategy, introduced in 2010. Russian anti-corruption campaign

• In January 2011, President Medvedev admitted that the government had so far failed in its anti-corruption measures. • On 4 May 2011, Medvedev continued his anti-corruption efforts by signing the Federal Law On Amendments to the Criminal Code and the Code of Administrative Offences of the Russian Federation to Improve State Anti. Corruption Management. The bill raised fines for corruption to up to 100 time the amount of the bribe given or received, with the maximum fine being 500 million rubles ($18. 3 million). Further measures

• Bribery isn’t just a crime, it also can affect the development of Russia. • Foreign companies may avoid Russian market. • Russian businessmen close their companies and people lose jobs. • Because of corruption prices are higher and quality is lower. Bribery – huge problem for development

President Medvedev admitted that Government failed in it’s battle against corruption, but political activity in the country is growing. People began to struggle with corruption on their own, following one of the oppositionist Alexey Navalny. The problem of corruption has to be solved quickly, before it can lead to the revolution. Conclusion

• Levada Center corruption poll April 2010 Levada Center Retrieved on 8 November 2010 • "Ни дать, ни взять Генпрокуратура начала новое наступление на коррумпированных чиновников". Rg. ru. Retrieved 14 May 2011. • Causes and Consequences of Corruption in Putin's Russia www. gwu. edu/~ieresgwu/. . . /pm_0430. pdf Sources