Controlling Feed costs big challenges big changes Dr. Dan Morrical Iowa State University 515 -294 -2904 morrical@iastate. edu DGM: ISU
Feed Costs Shepherds have control Single largest cost of sheep production 50 -75% of total costs Current cost of production? ? ?
10 steps to reduce feed costs 1. Control feed waste good bunks feed what ewes need not what ewes want limit access to big packages process big packages
10 steps to reduce feed costs 2. Use feed substitution/byproducts purchase feeds on nutrient cost examples: corn gluten feed dry distillers grains soybean hulls hay qualities DGM: ISU
Comparison shopping SBM $450 per ton 48% CP 2000*. 48=960 lbs $450/960= $. 469 DDGS $140 per ton 27% CP 2000*. 27=540 lbs $140/540= $. 259
Comparison shopping Corn $3. 50/ bu 3. 50/56= $. 0625/. 77= $. 08/lb TDN DDGS $140 per ton 77% TDN 2000*. 77=1540 lbs $140/1540= $. 091/lb TDN
10 steps to reduce feed costs 3. Separate management groups ewe lambs vs mature ewes singles vs twins thin vs average vs fat DGM: ISU
10 steps to reduce feed costs 4. Mineral cost and intake Read label know intake level TM salt vs mineral cooperative purchasing DGM: ISU
Mineral costs $2. 00 to $15. 00 per ewe TM salt at $11/50 lb bag Sheep mineral $25. 00/bag . 5 ounce intake/day 1 ounce intake/day 365*. 5=182 ounces/16=11. 4 365 ounces/16 = 22. 8 $11 x 23%= $2. 53 per ewe $25 *46%= $11. 40 per ewe DGM: ISU
10 steps to reduce feed costs 5. Sample hays supplement as needed example: protein tubs “They might need it” DGM: ISU
Iowa Hay Quality Survey, dmb Hay type Grass 1 st cut all others Mixed 1 st 2 nd 3 rd Legumes 1 st 2 nd 3 rd CP Ave. 11. 6 15. 2 TDN Range Ave. (6 -20) 55. 7 (12 -19. 7) 61. 8 Range (47 -67) (57 -70) 13. 9 16. 8 18. 3 (8 -22) (10 -22) (11 -23) 56. 1 59. 6 62. 4 (41 -69) (47 -70) (49 -73) 16. 9 18. 3 19. 9 (10 -22) (14 -22) (13 -23) 56. 7 57. 7 59. 4 (48 -69) (45 -68) (47 -70)
10 steps to reduce feed costs 6. Feed inventory management Net wrap vs twine Store on rock etcetera Tarp hay Birds DGM: ISU
7. Improved grazing management Year 1987 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 Average SERP Pasture 3. 1 4. 4 3. 6 9. 1 3. 5 3. 7 4. 6 Dry lot 17. 1 17. 0 17. 1 18. 0 19. 6 17. 8 DGM: ISU
Ewe Grazing Days Per Acre Peter Woods, WI 3 Year Averagea BFT: Ky. BG 1429 BFT: SBG 1474 BFT: OG 1446 Cost $40. 00/year a 2 of 3 years were drought High Year 1973 2122 2028 DGM: ISU
10 steps to reduce feed costs 8. Grazing crop residues Grazing Season Feed Length Savings 1 extra mo. $7. 50 2 extra mo. $15. 00 DGM: ISU
10 steps to reduce feed costs 9. Fetal Scanning groups ewes by stage of production group ewes by level of production cull or re-breed open ewes organized lambing not long lambing
10 steps to reduce feed costs 10. Change production systems Late lambing Nutrient requirements and forage quality match Gear up ewe flock Does increase feed costs much but generates more output DGM: ISU
Bonus discussion Buy when ingredients are priced right, must be able to pull trigger hay (summer) corn (fall? ? ) soybean hulls (summer) ability to store semi loads
Lamb finishing Corn-pelleted protein $220/ton $3. 50 corn and $600 protein, 80: 20 Soyhull-DDGS ration = $180/ton
Ration cost is only half the story Corn: PP $. 11 per pound FE of 6 to 1 6*. 11 = $. 66 DDGS: SBhulls $. 09 per pound FE of 7: 1 7*. 09 = $. 63
Buy bulk Bagging adds $30 or more/ton besides it is not green
Feeding out Lambs Profit center is feeding lambs Selling feeders is costing PROFIT POTENTIAL Push the pencil really hard
Feed Conversion Feed at $. 11 per pound. FE at 6 = $. 66 feed cost of gain Bovatec vs Deccox
Feed Conversion Control death loss(<2%) Use high growth terminal sires improves FE. 5 pound 80 lbs gain=40 lbs feed= $4. 40 Market when ready
Purchase and use Sheep Brands Utilizes 2007 Nutrient Requirements of Small Ruminants from the NRC Incorporates metabolizable protein and net energy system; body condition scoring adjustments; implant and feed additive adjustments; and local weather adjustments. Allows the user to define additional nutritional requirements. Develops batch sheets for feed mixing and total mixed ration development. Allows the user to customize the default settings for weather and sheep. Evaluates rations for the following: multiple stages of production; ration adequacy for group weight range; macro and micro-minerals and vitamin status; and ration costs. Calendarized approach in ewe development
Be creative take control • • • Test hay Balance ration Comparison shop Control waste Seek advice
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