CONTESTING HISTORY OPPOSING VOICES 12: Debating the Treaty
Debating the Treaty n n n n n 1916: 3 -12 May: Leaders of the Rising executed - 3 Aug. : Casement executed 1916: 22 -3 Dec. : first Internees returned to Ireland 1917: Feb. : Roscommon by-election – Count Plunkett returned for Sinn Féin 1917: May: Longford South by-election – Joseph Mc. Guinness returned for SF 1917: July: Clare East – Éamon de Valera returned for SF 1917: Oct. : SF Ard Fheis – de Valera elected president – and also president of the Volunteers 1918: April: The Military Services Act raised the possibility of conscription in Ireland 1918: April: Mansion House Conference of nationalist protestors 1918: April: Anti-conscription pledge signed by nationalists 1918: May: Arrest of SF leadership
Debating the Treaty n n n 1918: Nov. : Armistice 1918: Nov. : Election: SF – 73 seats; Nationalist - 6; Unionist – 26 1919: Jan. : Soloheadbeg ambush, Co. Tipperary and first meeting of Dáil Eireann on same day – the beginning of the War of Independence 1919: June: Local Government (Ireland) Act 1919: June: Dáil Eireann founds first ‘arbitration courts’ 1919: July: SF and IRA proscribed 1919: Sept. : Dáil Eireann proscribed 1920: Jan. : SF victorious in local elections 1920: Feb. : first Black and Tans recruited for Ireland - Government of Ireland bill entered the Commons 1920: March: Ulster Unionist Council accepted the Government of Ireland bill 1920: July: Auxiliary police division established 1920: Nov. : ‘Bloody Sunday’ and the Kilmichael ambush
Debating the Treaty n n n n 1920: Dec. : Auxiliaries burnt parts of Cork 1920: Dec. : Government of Ireland measure enacted 1921: May: Opening of Northern Ireland parliament 1921: July: Truce proclaimed in Ireland 1921: Aug. : Second Dáil formed 1921: Oct. : Negotiations launched between representatives of the British government and the Dáil 1921: 6 Dec. : Anglo-Irish Treaty signed 1921: 14 Dec. : Debate began in the Dáil on the Treaty 1922: Jan. : Dáil accepted Treaty – de Valera resigned - Griffith elected president in his place – power handed over by Castle Administration 1922: March: Anti-Treaty IRA repudiated the authority of the Dáil 1922: April: Republican forces occupied the Four Courts 1922: June: electorate endorsed the Treaty in a General election 1922: June: Free State forces attacked Irregulars in the Four Courts
Debating the Treaty n. Further Reading: Augusteijn, Joost (ed. ), The Irish Revolution, 191323 (2002). n Fitzpatrick, David (ed. ), Revolution? Ireland 19171921 (1990). n Laffan, Michael, The Resurrection of Ireland: The Sinn Féin Party, 1916 -1923 (1999). n O’Halpin, Eunan, The Decline of the Union (1987). n
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