Conspectus Method – implementations into library processes: experiences in the National Library of the Czech Republic Marie Balíková Světlana Knollová Jindřiška Pospíšilová Helsinki, November 16, 2009
Bohdana Stoklasová Helsinki 2005 Conclusion: • Czech experience: Conspectus is not an ideal tool, but it is a very powerful and flexible tool, useful even for areas you can not predict – once you decide for it (or any other tool), it is just here to make the integration of different projects possible and the life of librarians and mainly users much easier 2
Outline Conspectus method (aquisition, subject cataloging, services) Conspectus Categorization Scheme used in Czechia Application of Conspectus Categorization Scheme in Czechia 3
Conspectus method • An overview, summary, a description of collection strength and collecting intensities • Arranged by – subject – classification scheme – combination of both • Containing standardized codes for collection or collecting levels and languages of materials collected 4
Preferred presentation of Conspectus model • Set of Conspectus reports, which include all appropriate collection information • Collection descriptions may take a form of – unstructured textual documents – set of reports – structured open and standardized formats (database files) The most libraries prefer database files Czech libraries prefer a set of reports 5
Advantages of the Conspectus method Detailed library collection descriptions • Collections and collecting patterns are described in comparable terms • Conspectus values are accessible nationally (and internationally) online or in paper format • Cooperative collecting or preservation policies can be developed using the Conspectus as an instrument to map collection strengths 6
Disadvantages of Conspectus method • A labour intensive method • A time consuming method • Based to a considerable extent on subjective judgments • Application of conspectus method requires conversion between classifications, e. g. to DDC; not all of the libraries' collections are classified in Library of Congress Classification or DDC • Conspectus categories and subjects may be unsatisfactory for certain subject areas – CCS is too detailed in some areas, and not sufficiently detailed in others 7
Conspectus method applied in Czechia • Discussion at the end of 1990 s • Translation of documents concerning the conspectus method • Serious doubts about its applicability for our national archival collection among Czech University libraries and other research and public libraries • In 2000 the National Library of the Czech Republic decided to carry out an evaluation of the strength of its collection in particular subject areas • The collections of NLCR have been divided in three main branches: National Archive Collection, Universal Library Collection, and Study Collection 8
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Foreign acquisition policy NL collection development policy is based on the Conspectus model. The majority of the Conspectus subject categories should be covered in much detail that is expressed by the indicator 4 designating research level and by the language code W – wide selection of languages (mainly Czech and related documents). The mission of the NL in foreign literature acquisitions is to become the main information and documentary centre in humanities, natural and social sciences, culture and arts. The collections of the National Library serve the readers on undergraduate and postgraduate levels. 10
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Foreign acquisition policy Agriculture CL – what we already have 2 a BASIC INFORMATION LEVEL, INTRODUCTORY AC – what we acquire 1 a MINIMAL INFORMATION LEVEL, UNEVEN COVERAGE GL – collection development strategy – 2 a L - Selected other language material included in addition to the primary language cooperation with other Prague libraries for some branches - e. g. agriculture, technical branches, law, medicine 12
Conspectus Categorization Scheme Background materials/Basic documents WLN Conspectus Scheme Dewey Decimal Classification, Edition 21 (DDC 21) UDC-MRF Version 2002 13
GUIDELINES FOR A COLLECTION DEVELOPMENT POLICY USING THE CONSPECTUS MODEL International Federation of Library Associations and Institutions Section on Acquisition and Collection Development 2001 14
WLN Conspectus Scheme – 2 nd level 15
Dewey decimal classification and relative index / devised by Melvil Dewey. -- 21 th ed. / edited by Joan S. Mitchell. . . [et al. ]. - Albany : Forest Press, 1996. 16
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Comments on Conspectus categorization scheme • Is based on the shape of the North American Academic world from the middle of the 20 th century • The shape of the scholarly world has changed since then • The context of our country and the surrounding Central Europe is specific and different comparing with North America especially in subject domains such as – – – – Education Law Politics, politology European (small) languages, literatures History Auxiliary history sciences Juvenile literature Belles-lettres and literary criticism 18
Organization of information in Conspectus Categorization Scheme • In conspectus categorization scheme information are organized by discipline (like in DDC or UDC) • For example the topic “death” or documents containing information on death may appear in several conspectus categories, e. g. – – – – – 210 Philosophy and theory of religion 230 Christian theology, christian doctrinal theology 296 Judaism 297 Islam 393 Death customs 122 -129 Special metaphysics 346 Private law 612 Human physiology 616 Diseases. Clinical medicine 19
Conspectus Categorization Scheme used in Czechia • Library resources are divided into 24 broad subject divisions • Within these divisions subject is further divided into 584 conspectus categories • And then into conspectus subjects – subject controlled terms – 31165 (topical terms – czenas) • Original conspectus is based on LCC, DDC • UDC widely used among Czech libraries • Concordances between UDC-DDC necessary 20
Conspectus Divisions - the first hierarchical level • Original WLN conspectus categorization scheme recommended by IFLA is respected • The main objective of the first level is to provide an overview of library collections from subject´s viewpoint • Among the libraries of the same type, e. g. national libraries of Central Europe, research libraries in humanities etc. • The Conspectus divisions are not tied to any universal classification scheme: it is not possible because the traditional classifications like DDC or UDC are decimal; the whole knowledge is organized in ten main classes 21
First level of Conspectus Categorization scheme • • • 1. Anthropology 2. Biological sciences 3. Performing Arts 4. Business and economics 5. Philosophy and religion 6. Physical sciences 7. Geography and earth sciences 8. History and auxiliary sciences 9. Music 10. Chemistry 11. Language, linguistics and literature • 12. Library science, generalities and references • • • 13. Mathematics 14. Medicine 15. Political science 16. Law 17. Psychology 18. Sociology 19. Engineering and technology 20. Physical education and recreation 21. Art and architecture 22. Education 23. Computer sciences 24. Agriculture 22
Differences between Conspectus Scheme, DDC and UDC at the first hierarchical level • Conspectus divisions structure - 24 main subject categories - are more convenient for an inexperienced user; the important disciplines are enumerated at the first hierarchical level, e. g. medicine, chemistry, mathematics • One Conspectus division contains data originating from various main classes of DDC/UDC, e. g. Conspectus division “Business and economics” contains data from class 300/3 – Social sciences and 600/6 Technology • In DDC and UDC classifications, philosophy and psychology are included in one main class, the religion is located in a separate main class (2), In Conspectus scheme, the religion and the philosophy are together in one division, the psychology forms a separate main division • 23
Division 4 „Business and economics“ contains data from class 300/3 – Social sciences and 600/6 Technology Division 5 „Philosophy and religion - are together in one division 24
Conspectus Categorization Scheme - principles of mapping A decision has been accepted • The first level must stay unchanged • At the second level all necessary information must be included • The third level is created by systems of controlled terms used in Czechia • In the institutions that are responsible for subject analysis in their discipline, e. g. – National Technical Library for techniques, technology and related subjects, – National Library of Medicine for medicine and related topics, – NLCR responsible for universal controlled system called CZENAS 25
UDC – DDC mapping Main principles: • To establish a connection between DDC Conspectus Category and UDC Conspectus Category • It means that only Conspectus Categories are mapped • Subject headings and classification numbers entered in individual BIB records are not mapped • The mapping is carried out in one direction only, from the UDC to the DDC 26
2 nd hierarchical level of Conspectus Scheme • All mappings between DDC and UDC were realized at this level only • Our intention was to create such a mapping tool which enables both • To compare library collections at institutional, national and – regarding Conspectus Scheme – international level as well • To create such an organizing tool which is able to meet all (almost all) criteria of Czech libraries of all types 27
DDC in Czech Conspectus scheme • To adapt the captions of the system to general endusers • To support end-users understanding and web browsing • To add the name of a discipline when the DDC caption is not “complete” 28
Different point of view on European history and philosophy, unusual for Europeans 29
More Conspectus categories 1 • Subject areas heavily represented in Czech environment and missing in DDC Conspectus scheme are included in Czech Conspectus scheme, e. g. 30
More Conspectus categories 2 31
Where is the Conspectus categorization scheme applied The most important characteristic of the conspectus scheme - access to information resources through content characteristics - was used when creating and developing Universaly subject-oriented gateway (UIG – Uniform information gateway), Subject information gateways (KIV /library and information science/, MUS, TECH, ART) Subject access – Web. Archiv project Topic map of the Czech National Library Collection 32
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E. g. Library management. Library services. Organization of the library collections. Collection structure. Cataloguing. Information retrieval language. 39
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Topic map of library collections • Can serve as an user friendly subject access for inexperienced library users and for those who prefer to get information on documents location directly and without the use of library catalogue. • The main objective is to provide high quality services and improve information sharing. Topic map presents subject information in a systematic way and helps patrons use the portal through a simple interface. • In order to achieve this navigation and search function information resources are connected to the topics through the Conspectus categories data entered in bibliographic records. 41
Conspectus categories can be displayed: without DDC notations according to DDC notations 42
According to DDC notations 43
In alphabetical order 44
Search term: Albatros = name of publishing house 45
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Search is limited to the Czech production 47
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Conspectus Category applied in BIB record 072 7 |a 821 -93 |x Literatura pro děti a mládež |2 Konspekt|9 11 072 7 |a 58 |x Botanika |2 Konspekt|9 2 50
Authority record of Conspectus Division 51
Authority record of Conspectus Category 52
Index of Conspectus Categories applied in BIB records 53
Navigation by Conspectus Categories 54
Conspectus Categorization Scheme our experiences • Is not an ideal tool, but it is a very powerful and flexible tool which can be used for organization of heterogenous information resources • It can improve subject access • It can serve as navigation tool • It can serve as crosswalk between two widely used classification schemes DDC and UDC 55
Thank you for your attention. marie. balikova@nkp. cz svetlana. knollova@nkp. cz jindriska. pospisilova@nkp. cz 56
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