Connect. Communicate. Collaborate EUROPEAN NATIONAL RESEARCH & EDUCATION NETWORKS and GÉANT: EXPERIENCE & CHALLENGES Vasilis Maglaris maglaris@netmode. ntua. gr Chairman, NREN Policy Committee - GÉANT Consortium Professor, National Technical University of Athens – NTUA TERENA Networking Conference 2006 Catania, Italy, May 18 NTUA – NATIONAL TECHNICAL UNIVERSITY OF ATHENS
A European R&E Networking Model Connect. Communicate. Collaborate • Interconnects 34 National Research & Education Networks-NRENs of the extended European Research Area (ERA) • Connects more than 3500 Research & Education (R&E) Institutions • Serves millions of end-users + e-Science Projects (e. g. GRIDs) under Accepted Usage Policy (AUP) rules • The model: A 3 -tier Federal Architecture, partially subsidized by National and EU Research & Education funds: – The Campus Network (LAN/MAN) – The NREN (MAN/WAN) – The Pan-European Interconnection: TEN 34 TEN 155 GÉANT (GN 1 in FP 5) GÉANT 2 (GN 2 in FP 6): Hybrid Optical Backbone (+ Cross Border Fibers) GN 2 EC Subsidy < 10% of total European R&E Networking Cost • • Governance: NREN Policy Committee Project Management: GN 2 Exec, DANTE NTUA – NATIONAL TECHNICAL UNIVERSITY OF ATHENS
The NREN PC Connect. Communicate. Collaborate Austria (ACOnet) Belgium (BELNET) Bulgaria (ISTF) Croatia (CARNet) Czech Republic (CESNET) Cyprus (CYNET) Germany (DFN) Estonia (EENet) France (RENATER) Greece (GRNET) Hungary (HUNGARNET) Ireland (HEANet) Israel (IUCC) Italy (GARR) Latvia (LATNET) Lithuania (LITNET) Luxembourg (RESTENA) Malta (Uo. M) Netherlands (SURFNET) Nordic Countries – Denmark, Finland, Iceland, Norway, Sweden (NORDUNET ) Poland (PSNC) Portugal (FCCN) Romania (Ro. Edu. Net) Russia (JSCC) Slovakia (SANET) Slovenia (ARNES) Spain (Red. IRIS) Switzerland (SWITCH) Turkey (ULAKBIM) United Kingdom (UKERNA) PLUS NON-VOTING MEMBERS: Delivery of Advanced Network Technologies to Europe Ltd. (DANTE) Trans-European Research & Education Networking Association (TERENA) PERMANENT OBSERVERS: CERN, , AMREJ, , MARNET NTUA – NATIONAL TECHNICAL UNIVERSITY OF ATHENS
NRENs – GÉANT: A European Success Story Connect. Communicate. Collaborate Some factors • Century old Telecom (+ 40 years Internet) experience: Proven “Network Externalities” Sharing tradition • Industry needs for Next Generation Network proofs of concept, synergy with R&E community the ARPAnet paradigm from the US of America to the “US of Europe” • Foresight of National + EU funding authorities • A decade (+) of success in serving R&E needs of the Continent Easing “digital divides” & involving powerful education communities (educators, students, pupils? ) • Solidarity – human networking of NREN community • Stable Governance: NRENs, PC, Exec, DANTE, TERENA NTUA – NATIONAL TECHNICAL UNIVERSITY OF ATHENS
e-IRG Recommendation on Hybrid Networking & GÉANT Connect. Communicate. Collaborate “The e-IRG stresses the importance of flexibly configurable, reliable end-to-end optical provision to European researchers and e-Science projects. This service should co -exist with routed IP connectivity and follow the three tier hierarchical European paradigm: Campus LAN, NREN and Pan-European GÉANT network” Den Haag, 19/11/2004 NTUA – NATIONAL TECHNICAL UNIVERSITY OF ATHENS
Connect. Communicate. Collaborate GÉANT 2 Topology 15+ NRENs interconnected within the Dark Fibre (DF) “cloud” Rest, via leased “lambda” and SDH circuits NTUA – NATIONAL TECHNICAL UNIVERSITY OF ATHENS
Connect. Communicate. Collaborate NTUA – NATIONAL TECHNICAL UNIVERSITY OF ATHENS
Provision of end-to-end (e 2 e) Services to e-Science Initiatives Connect. Communicate. Collaborate • Up to now: Packet Switched IP (Layer 3) & MPLS Managed Bandwidth Services – VPNs • From now on the hybrid NREN - GÉANT 2 service model also enables: – Layer 2 Switched e 2 e circuits (e. g. 1 Gig. E) involving GÉANT 2 facilities (local circuits provided by NRENs & Campuses) – 10 Gig Optical Private Networks (OPNs) configured for large e-Science projects using GÉANT 2 DWDM & NREN - Campus lightpaths • Pricing of additional e 2 e lightpaths: Incremental costing of GÉANT 2 Dark Fibre, charged to projects via hosting NRENs, Global extensions (if possible) under similar terms • Planning based on common understanding and “accurate” prediction of requirements (bandwidth, availability, delay, jitter …) • Who, how and to what extend provisions, manages, monitors, charges, absorbs the costs, undertakes risks in a multi-domain network of HPC - GRID resources? {LCG T 0 – T 1, EGEE, DEISA, e. VLBI} + {NRENs, GÉANT 2, DANTE} pave the way & uncover hidden issues (technical & managerial) NTUA – NATIONAL TECHNICAL UNIVERSITY OF ATHENS
LCG TIER 0 – TIER 1 Optical Private Network - OPN, scenario based on work by Roberto Sabatino DANTE RAL Connect. Communicate. Collaborate Nordugrid FNAL BNL TRIUMF ASCC UK DK CERN T 0 CW NL SARA GEANT 2 DE FR IT ES GRIDKa IN 2 P 3 PIC CNAF NTUA – NATIONAL TECHNICAL UNIVERSITY OF ATHENS
LCG Light - Wave Assignment on GÉANT 2 Backbone Hans Döbbeling, DANTE NTUA – NATIONAL TECHNICAL UNIVERSITY OF ATHENS Connect. Communicate. Collaborate
DEISA Light - Wave Assignment on GÉANT 2 Backbone Hans Döbbeling, DANTE NTUA – NATIONAL TECHNICAL UNIVERSITY OF ATHENS Connect. Communicate. Collaborate
LCG + DEISA Light - Wave Assignment on GÉANT 2 Backbone Hans Döbbeling, DANTE NTUA – NATIONAL TECHNICAL UNIVERSITY OF ATHENS Connect. Communicate. Collaborate
A view of the future: OPNs on GÉANT 2 Backbone, Hans Döbbeling, DANTE Connect. Communicate. Collaborate NTUA – NATIONAL TECHNICAL UNIVERSITY OF ATHENS
Why e-Science projects should use GÉANT 2 ? Connect. Communicate. Collaborate • NRENs - GÉANT 2 provide cost effective e 2 e switched & lightpath connectivity within the Dark Fibre Cloud (DWDM footprint) + Global IP coverage (and progressing towards Global Hybrid networking) + Network management, resiliency & support • e-Science (GRID) Virtual Organisations obtain customized, production quality hybrid networking services, beyond leasing individual circuits, wave-lengths or dark fibres LAST BUT NOT LEAST • Affinity of Networking & HPC/GRID communities, sharing the same mission: Provision of leading-edge e-Infrastructures for Research and advancement of HPCN technologies as European added value NTUA – NATIONAL TECHNICAL UNIVERSITY OF ATHENS
Challenges for NRENs GÉANT as e-Infrastructures Connect. Communicate. Collaborate Business Model Issues • • • Long-term investment, e. g. Dark Fiber leasing vs. IRUs ? From a hierarchical PS provision (aka. ISP tier 1 tier 2) to a PS/CS Hybrid network with cross border fiber provisions: Management, Control, Cost Sharing Connecting to Open Exchanges (L 1 – L 3), AUPs Inclusion of schools, public libraries … e-Government. Market competition & regulatory issues ? (SERENATE study) Security & AAA harmonization – legal issues towards a US of Europe ! Governance structure in Europe – NREN PC sets policy & forges unity of 34+ NRENs – Executive Committee guides detailed project roll-out – Roles of DANTE & TERENA The US experience: Internet 2 – NLR merger ? Global connectivity - services to end-users: Projects, individuals e-Infrastructures as an equalizer, reducing the DIGITAL DIVIDES in Europe & Globally: Big Science affordable via Virtual e-Science NTUA – NATIONAL TECHNICAL UNIVERSITY OF ATHENS
Challenges for NRENs - GÉANT as e-Infrastructures (cont. ) Connect. Communicate. Collaborate Multi-domain Hybrid Network Management & Control • Data: 40 Gig, framing, granularity, multi-casting … Data • Multi-domain Optical Control – Beyond BGP, L 1 -L 2 routing across domains – Ubiquitous addressing at lower protocol levels + IPv 6 – Integrate Distributed Computing (Grid) middleware functionality • Multi-domain Management - e 2 e Provisioning: – Scheduling, automated e 2 e set-up in near real-time – Coordination across domains with high-end user feedback – Coordination of e-Infrastructure Resource Allocation, Monitoring & Control: NRENs, GÉANT 2, Distributed Computing Middleware – Grids, Supercomputing Centers • Consolidate AAI (AAA) Architectures into federated schemes for global e-Infrastrucures NTUA – NATIONAL TECHNICAL UNIVERSITY OF ATHENS
Challenges for NRENs - GÉANT as e-Infrastructures (cont. ) Connect. Communicate. Collaborate Virtualization at all levels • Optical Private Networks (OPNs) • L 2, L 3 VPNs (VLANs, VPLS, MPLS/TE) • Application level Overlays • Virtualization enables co-existence of Production Quality Networks for Research & Testbeds for Research on Networks • Strong interaction with industry on testbed deployment & experimentation – value adding by European researchers • Coordination of European (Campus/NREN/GÉANT 2) with Global Testbed activities (e. g. US NSF - GENI funded) NTUA – NATIONAL TECHNICAL UNIVERSITY OF ATHENS
e-IRG Task Force on Sustainable e-Infrastructures Connect. Communicate. Collaborate FIVE RECOMMENDATIONS • • • Governments & the Commission should develop policies and mechanisms to encourage increased investment in a more coherent and interoperable way across Europe (protect existing investments) The existing e-Infrastructure projects must be superseded by integrated sustainable services at national and European levels (long term funding) e-Infrastructures must be application-neutral and open to all user communities and resource providers. National funding agencies should be encouraged to fund multi-disciplinary and inclusive infrastructures rather than disciplinaryspecific alternatives (applicable to multi - VO Grids and Supercomputing – National Grid Initiatives - NGIs) e-Infrastructures must inter-operate & adopt international standard services in order to qualify for funding (Global dimension, open standard architectures) The Commission should, within the 7 th Framework Program, develop a pan. European e-Infrastructure which explicitly encourages the further integration of national e-Infrastructure initiatives (NRENs – GÉANT 2 Super Computing Centers, NGIs – EGEE? ) NTUA – NATIONAL TECHNICAL UNIVERSITY OF ATHENS
Personal Thoughts on Governance for European GRID Initiatives for Research Connect. Communicate. Collaborate Is the NREN - GÉANT 2 paradigm applicable to GRIDs? • Commonalities: – Aggregated e-Infrastrucures for Research – Simple instruments for National – EC Public Funding – Serve a rather cohesive research community (University & Research Centre end-users) • A suggested equivalence of roles: – – NRENs National GRID Initiatives – NGIs? GÉANT 2 EGEE 2? NREN PC NGI Representatives? DANTE European GRID Organisation - EGO? NTUA – NATIONAL TECHNICAL UNIVERSITY OF ATHENS
Personal Thoughts on Governance for European GRID Initiatives for Research (cont. ) Connect. Communicate. Collaborate • Some questions on the GRID nature: – Are “network externalities” strong enough to enforce a global sharing mentality, as in the networking sector? – Are conditions (politically and technologically) ripe throughout Europe for the formation of single, shared, production quality research GRIDs, Nationally and Continent-wide? – Does cost & depreciation rate of GRID resources favor long-term investments and sustainable institutions? • The NREN community can share its experience with the GRID community and the e-IRG NTUA – NATIONAL TECHNICAL UNIVERSITY OF ATHENS
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