Complex Regional Pain Syndrome (CRPS) Sean S. Armin, M. D. Department of Neurosurgery, Loma Linda University Medical Center
Introduction to CRPS • Confusing terminology: Reflex Sympathetic Dystrophy – CRPS I Causalgia – CRPS II Other previous names: algodystrophy mineures, mimo-causalgia, sympathalgia, post-traumatic spreading neuralgia, Sudek’s atrophy, Shoulder-hand syndrome, Sympathetically-maintained pain (SMP) • Long recognized clinical entity: Bernard and Weir Mitchell (1800’s) • Still no clearly identified pathophysiology • Sympathetic nervous system: etiology vs. epiphenomenon
Complex Regional Pain Syndrome I vs. II Harden, et al: Clin J Pain, 22: 415– 419, 2006 Sensitivity: 0. 98 Specificity: 0. 36 Bruehl, et al: Pain, 81: 147– 154, 1999
Proposed Modified Dx Criteria for CRPS Proposed Modified Clinical Dx Criteria At least one Sx in 3 of 4 categories At least one Sx in 2 of 4 categories Sensitivity: 0. 70 Specificity: 0. 95 Sensitivity: 0. 85 Harden, et al: Clin J Pain, 22: 415– 419, 2006 Specificity: 0. 69
Quisel, et al: J Family Practice, 54: 524– 532, 2005
Clinical Presentation Wasner, et al: Spinal Cord, 41: 65– 71, 2003 Simpson: Lancet Neurology, 3: 142, 2004
Quisel, et al: J Family Practice, 54: 524– 532, 2005
Clinical Presentation Vacariu: Disability & Rehab, 24: 435– 442, 2002 Harden, et al: Clin J Pain, 22: 415– 419, 2006
Quisel, et al: J Family Practice, 54: 524– 532, 2005
Peripheral Response to Injury Teasdall, et al: Clin Sports Med, 23: 145 -155, 2004
Pathophysiology Wasner, et al: Spinal Cord, 41: 65– 71, 2003
Pathophysiology Wasner, et al: Spinal Cord, 41: 65– 71, 2003
Pathophysiology Wasner, et al: Spinal Cord, 41: 65– 71, 2003
Pathophysiology Teasdall, et al: Clin Sports Med, 23: 145 -155, 2004
Mechanism-Based Pharmacotherapy Ribbers, et al: Arch Phy Med Rehabil, 84: 141– 146, 2003
Quisel, et al: J Family Practice, 54: 524– 532, 2005
Spinal Cord Stimulation Study Methodologies Grabow, et al: Clinical J. Pain, 19: 371– 383, 2003
Spinal Cord Stimulation Study Outcomes Grabow, et al: Clinical J. Pain, 19: 371– 383, 2003
Spinal Cord Stimulation Randomized Trial Kemler, et al: Ann Neurol, 55: 13– 18, 2004
Complex Psychosical/Behavioral Interaction Deterioration Miller: Orthoped Nursing, 22: 91– 99, 2003 Turner-Stokes: Disability & Rehab, 24: 939– 947, 2002