Collaborative Research Centre 637 Autonomous Cooperating Logistic Processes: A Paradigm Shift and its Limitations Interdisciplinary Research: Production Engineering and Technology – Business Studies and Economics Computer Science – Mathematics – Electrical Engineering CRC 637: Autonomous Cooperating Logistic Processes: A Paradigm Shift and its Limitations
What is a CRC? CRC = Collaborative Research Centre Funding instrument of the German Research Foundation (DFG), Funds from the Federal Ministry of Education and Research and from the Federal States of Germany, Long-term university research centre (3 x 4 years = 12 years), Cross-disciplinary research programme, Aims to create a core research focus at a university. CRC 637: Autonomous Cooperating Logistic Processes: A Paradigm Shift and its Limitations
Current Situation in Transport of Goods Source: Bundesamt für Güterverkehr, 2002 Room for Improvement in Truck Transport: 23% of covered distances are deadhead, only 77% truck utilisation in terms of distance, only 67% truck utilisation in terms of loading weight (even 58% in long-distance traffic). continuous traffic increase, limited infrastructure. CRC 637: Autonomous Cooperating Logistic Processes: A Paradigm Shift and its Limitations Traffic volume Infrastructure growth 2000 2010 2020
Technological Developments Positioning Systems Telematics Interoperability Networking Technology Transportation Technology Network Security Transponder Technology Loading and Transit Equipment Handling Technology Mobile Data Transfer Terminal Technology CRC 637: Autonomous Cooperating Logistic Processes: A Paradigm Shift and its Limitations Mobile Phone Standards Machine Learning
Motivation and Idea Change Drivers of Logistic Processes Virtual enterprises Increase of complex internal and external logistic processes Development of novel I&C Technologies Shift from seller’s market to buyer’s market Changes in objectives of enterprises Complex, partially conflicting requirements on logistic planning and control systems Increase of shortage of logistic infrastructures Limited efficiency of today’s strategies and methods Autonomous Cooperating Logistic Processes: A Paradigm Shift and its Limitations CRC 637: Autonomous Cooperating Logistic Processes: A Paradigm Shift and its Limitations Increase of transport volume, atomisation of deliveries, increase of delivery frequencies
From central to autonomous control • distributed IT structure with global communikation • local information processing • autonomous and decentralized control hierarchical IT structure global information processing central control paradigm shift CRC 637: Autonomous Cooperating Logistic Processes: A Paradigm Shift and its Limitations
Technological Basis Ubiquitous Computing intelligent cargo, transit equipment and Telematics transportation systems permanent localisation, identification and Positioning Systems communication with and between these logistic objects autonomous cooperating logistic objects RFID and Sensor Technology CRC 637: Autonomous Cooperating Logistic Processes: A Paradigm Shift and its Limitations Wireless Communication Networks
Idea and Objectives Autonomous Cooperating Logistic Processes: A Paradigm Shift and its Limits Development of concepts and methods for autonomy and their application in real-life scenarios Investigation and modelling of the new paradigm “autonomy” for logistic processes Investigation and development of efficient dynamic control methods and communication and coordination mechanisms for logistic processes Investigation of the effects of the new paradigm “autonomy” on logistics systems and its enhancements by implementation of autonomous logistic processes Project Domains A Foundations / Modelling B Methods / Tools C Applications 5 projects 7 projects 2 nd and 3 rd phase CRC 637: Autonomous Cooperating Logistic Processes: A Paradigm Shift and its Limitations
Project Domains Project Domain A: Modelling Foundations for Autonomous Logistics Processes Research into and development of theoretical foundations for autonomous systems Investigation of the limits of conventional and autonomous control Modelling of autonomous logistic processes Project Domain B: Methods and Tools for Autonomous Logistics Processes Logistics-specific adaptation of scalable methods and tools Research into new methods and prototypical development of tools Software and hardware-based realisation by multi-agent systems Project Domain C: Applications for Autonomous Logistics Processes CRC 637: Autonomous Cooperating Logistic Processes: A Paradigm Shift and its Limitations
Holistic Perspective on Logistics System Task Layers within the CRC 637 Decision System Organisation and Management Information System Informatics methods and I&C Technologies Execution System Human Technical System Material flow and Logistics Mass Energy Information CRC 637: Autonomous Cooperating Logistic Processes: A Paradigm Shift and its Limitations
Projects Project Domain A Project Domain B A 1: Fundamental Studies Windt A 2: Sustainable Management Müller-Christ A 3: Monitoring of Autonomous Systems Hülsmann A 4: Rule-based Graph Transformation Kreowski A 5: Dynamics of Autonomous Systems Scholz-Reiter / Wirth B 1: Reactive Planning and Control Scholz-Reiter / Görg B 2: Adaptive Business Processes – Modelling and Methodology Scholz-Reiter B 3: Mobile Communication Networks and Models Görg B 4: Knowledge Management Herzog B 5: Risk Management Herzog / Schumacher B 6: Sensor Systems Lang / Laur B 7: Autonomous Adaptation of Vehicle Schedules Kopfer Project Domain Z Z 1: CRC Management Herzog Z 2: Demonstrator Scholz-Reiter CRC 637: Autonomous Cooperating Logistic Processes: A Paradigm Shift and its Limitations
Structure and Coherence Project Domains A B C Z Foundations / Modelling Methods / Tools Applications Support Projects Organisation and Management A 2, A 3 B 4, B 5 Informatics methods and Informatics methods I&C Technologies and I&C Technologies A 4 B 2, B 3, B 6 Material flow and Logistics A 1, A 5 B 1, B 7 Task Layers CRC 637: Autonomous Cooperating Logistic Processes: A Paradigm Shift and its Limitations Planned for the 2 nd and 3 rd phase of the CRC Z 1, Z 2
Working Groups Autonomy (Hülsmann, Windt) Definition frame for „Autonomy“ CRC-wide, consistent understanding of the paradigm „Autonomy“ Scenarios & Modelling Discussion of different models and modelling approaches Modelling of autonomy System Platform (Herzog) CRC-wide, agent-based software platform Software basis for prototypical implementations Applications (Görg, Kreowski, Windt) (Scholz-Reiter, Kopfer) Identification of potential application fields CRC 637: Autonomous Cooperating Logistic Processes: A Paradigm Shift and its Limitations
Involved Faculties and Institutes Faculty 1 – Physics / Electrical Engineering Research Group Communication Networks (Görg) Institute for Microsensors, -actuators and -systems (Lang) Institute for Electromagnetic Theory and Microelectronics (Laur) Faculty 3 – Mathematics / Computer Science Research Group Mathematical Systems Theory (Wirth) Research Group Artificial Intelligence (Herzog) Research Group Theoretical Computer Science (Kreowski) Faculty 4 – Production Engineering and Technology Research Group Planning and Control of Production Systems (Scholz-Reiter, Windt) Research Group IT-based Applications in Production Engineering (Schumacher) Faculty 7 – Business Studies and Economics Research Group Logistics (Kopfer) Research Group Sustainable Management (Müller-Christ) Research Group Management of Sustainable Corporate Development (Hülsmann) External Institute BIBA Division of Intelligent Production and Logistics Systems (Scholz-Reiter) CRC 637: Autonomous Cooperating Logistic Processes: A Paradigm Shift and its Limitations
Competences in Logistics „Forschungsverbund Logistik“ (Research Cluster Logistics) at the University of Bremen since 1997: - Research Training Group, Ph. D. Programme Interdisciplinary research projects, financed by European Union (EU), German Research Foundation (DFG), Volkswagen Foundation, Federal State of Bremen Interdisciplinary aspects of logistics strengthened by the appointment strategy for professors at the University of Bremen Study and research focus “Logistics” in the faculty “Business Studies and Economics” and in the study course “Industrial Engineering” Logistics as a research focus of the Institute BIBA: Research centre of the “Bundesvereinigung Logistik e. V. ” (German Logistics Society) Approved interdisciplinary combination of required research groups to investigate autonomous logistic processes CRC 637: Autonomous Cooperating Logistic Processes: A Paradigm Shift and its Limitations
In-between Summary The Collaborative Research Centre 637 „Autonomous Cooperating Logistic Processes A Paradigm Shift and its Limitations “ focuses on a long-term, interdisciplinary field of research, combines the investigation of highly dynamic logistic processes with the development and application of recent I&C technologies, is based on a well proven interdisciplinary combination of the necessary research groups at the University of Bremen, has significant relevance for practical applications and high potential for future technology transfer, has a structural effect for the university and the region of Bremen. CRC 637: Autonomous Cooperating Logistic Processes: A Paradigm Shift and its Limitations
Autonomy? Working definition of autonomy Autonomy describes processes of decentralized decision making in networking structures. It requires interacting objects in nondeterministic systems that are able to make autonomous decisions. The aims of autonomy are improved robustness and positive emergence of the whole system by distributed and flexible handling of the dynamics and complexity. CRC 637: Autonomous Cooperating Logistic Processes: A Paradigm Shift and its Limitations
Holistic Perspective on Logistics System Task Layers within the CRC 637 Decision System Organisation and Management Information System Informatics methods and I&C Technologies Execution System Human Technical System Material flow and Logistics Mass Energy Information CRC 637: Autonomous Cooperating Logistic Processes: A Paradigm Shift and its Limitations
Scenario production logistics products raw materials machines accident material flow transport vehicles CRC 637: Autonomous Cooperating Logistic Processes: A Paradigm Shift and its Limitations
Scenario production logistics decision making identification decentralized data processing. flexibility sensoring. products raw materials alternatives decentralized data storage interaction local and dynamic goal finding CRC 637: Autonomous Cooperating Logistic Processes: A Paradigm Shift and its Limitations
Scenario transport logistics depot customers hubs goods routes CRC 637: Autonomous Cooperating Logistic Processes: A Paradigm Shift and its Limitations transport vehicles
Scenario transport logistics decision making decentralized data processing identification. sensoring. flexibility depot customers alternatives decentral data storage interaction local and dynamic goal finding CRC 637: Autonomous Cooperating Logistic Processes: A Paradigm Shift and its Limitations
Tasks on the level of material flow modelling and simulation of autonomous material flow analysis of the dynamics of logistics processes development of new planning and control methods benchmarking prototypical implementation (demonstrator) practical applications (transfer projekts) CRC 637: Autonomous Cooperating Logistic Processes: A Paradigm Shift and its Limitations
Holistic Perspective on Logistics System Task Layers within the CRC 637 Decision System Organisation and Management Information System Informatics methods and I&C Technologies Execution System Human Technical System Material flow and Logistics Mass Energy Information CRC 637: Autonomous Cooperating Logistic Processes: A Paradigm Shift and its Limitations
Knowledge management goals and conditions for the transport sensors and „smart tags“ control decisions on the local level traffic jams trigger revised route planning depot customers CRC 637: Autonomous Cooperating Logistic Processes: A Paradigm Shift and its Limitations
Software platform (I) ontologies: routes, depots, transpport vehicles, risks, . . . agents: goods, transport vehicle, sensors, . . . events: weather conditions, orders, traffic, defects, . . . depot customers CRC 637: Autonomous Cooperating Logistic Processes: A Paradigm Shift and its Limitations
Software platform (II) goals: • very large and scalable simulations • support of the demonstrator technological basis: multi-agent systems • flexibility, robustness, and scalability • modelling of autonomy tools: • MAS platform JADE • knowledge representation by ontologies (OWL) CRC 637: Autonomous Cooperating Logistic Processes: A Paradigm Shift and its Limitations
Holistic Perspective on Logistics System Task Layers within the CRC 637 Decision System Organisation and Management Information System Informatics methods and I&C Technologies Execution System Human Technical System Material flow and Logistics Mass Energy Information CRC 637: Autonomous Cooperating Logistic Processes: A Paradigm Shift and its Limitations
A 4 Modelling of Autonomous Logistic Processes with Rule-based Graph Transformation Autonomous Units Syntax, Semantics, and Case Study: Ludo Karsten Hölscher, Renate Klempien-Hinrichs*, Peter Knirsch, Hans-Jörg Kreowski, Sabine Kuske Theoretical Computer Science, TZI, Department of Mathematics and Computer Science *International Graduate School for Dynamics in Logistics CRC 637: Autonomous Cooperating Logistic Processes: A Paradigm Shift and its Limitations
Goals A 4 Approach for the Modelling of Autonomous Logistic Processes with Rule-based Graph Transformation semantical analysis of the generative power relation to theory of concurrency modelling concept for the visualization of the semantical processes systematic verification approach with respect to Model Checking, Constraint Solver and Inductive Theorem Prover embedding and comparison of other process models CRC 637: Autonomous Cooperating Logistic Processes: A Paradigm Shift and its Limitations
A 4 Concepts environment: graph (e. g. transport net) goals: environment class expressions (specifying what should become true) internal: rules for local changes capabilities: external: import to get help (not considered further) control: conditions to choose next action • finite state machines, • priorities, • „as long as possible“, • „fitness“ functions, . . . CRC 637: Autonomous Cooperating Logistic Processes: A Paradigm Shift and its Limitations
A 4 Syntactic schema community of autonomous units: set of autonomous units overall goal (if there is any), terminal environments Com = (Aut, Init, Goal) initial environments both specified by graph class expressions autonomous unit: aut = (goal, rules, control) individual CRC 637: Autonomous Cooperating Logistic Processes: A Paradigm Shift and its Limitations
A 4 Examples die rules: start: turn&roll: roll-again: control: start; (roll-again|turn&roll)* CRC 637: Autonomous Cooperating Logistic Processes: A Paradigm Shift and its Limitations
![A 4 Examples player(p: [b, g, y, r]) goal: rules: goko 4(c) go-home(c), startko(c),](https://present5.com/presentation/145ca230ce02e46032bf6e4d0ed9fb20/image-34.jpg "A 4 Examples player(p: [b, g, y, r]) goal: rules: goko 4(c) go-home(c), startko(c),")
A 4 Examples player(p: [b, g, y, r]) goal: rules: goko 4(c) go-home(c), startko(c), mfn(c), mfkon(c), gokon(c), again(c), turn(c) control: go-home(c) > (start(c), startko(c)) > (mfn(c), mfkon(c)) > (gon(c), gokon(c)) > (again(c), turn(c)) CRC 637: Autonomous Cooperating Logistic Processes: A Paradigm Shift and its Limitations
A 4 Semantic requisites graph transformation approach • environments: G set of graphs • set R of rules with rule application relation: G G r for r R • set X of of environment class expressions with admitted environments: SEM(g) G for g X C of control conditions with control relation: SEM(c) G G • set for c C changes of environment: CHANGE G G CRC 637: Autonomous Cooperating Logistic Processes: A Paradigm Shift and its Limitations
Sequential semantics of autonomous units A 4 sequential process of aut = (goal, rules, control) with dynamic environment given by CHANGE: G 0, G 1, G 2, … with (for all i) Gi+1 and (Gi, Gi+1) SEM(control) for some r rules r or (Gi, Gi+1) CHANGE Gi SEQCHANGE(aut) set of all sequential processes of aut reachability of goal: Gj SEM(goal) CRC 637: Autonomous Cooperating Logistic Processes: A Paradigm Shift and its Limitations
Sequential semantics (global) A 4 sequential process of Com = (Aut, Init, Goal): G 0 , G 1 , G 2 , … with G 0 SEM(Init) and, for all i, there is some auti=(goali, rulesi, controli) Aut and some rule ri rulesi such that Gi Gi+1 and (Gi, Gi+1) SEM(controli) r SEQ (Com) set of all sequential processes of Com reachability of overall goal: Gj SEM(Goal) Observation: SEQ(Com) = SEQCHANGE(aut) for aut Aut if CHANGE=SEQ(Com-aut) CRC 637: Autonomous Cooperating Logistic Processes: A Paradigm Shift and its Limitations
Ludo environment graph A 4 Ludo = ({player(b), player(y), player(g), player(r), die}, initconf, finish) CRC 637: Autonomous Cooperating Logistic Processes: A Paradigm Shift and its Limitations
Ludo game situation control: A 4 go-home(c) > (start(c), startko(c)) > (mfn(c), mfkon(c)) > (gon(c), gokon(c)) > (again(c), turn(c)) CRC 637: Autonomous Cooperating Logistic Processes: A Paradigm Shift and its Limitations
Ludo game situation control: A 4 go-home(c) > (start(c), startko(c)) > (mfn(c), mfkon(c)) > (gon(c), gokon(c)) > (again(c), turn(c)) CRC 637: Autonomous Cooperating Logistic Processes: A Paradigm Shift and its Limitations
A 4 Process semantics sequential Set of parallel processes concurrent starting in initial environments, composed of rule applications of the participating units, with every unit autonomously controlling its actions. identifying those processes in which the overall goal or individual goals are achieved. CRC 637: Autonomous Cooperating Logistic Processes: A Paradigm Shift and its Limitations
A 4 Relations process models in computer science petri nets multiagent systems (cf. Wooldridge) [cooperation with B 4] graph transformation units scenarios from AK Szenarien special case community of autonomous units swarm intelligence & cellular automata logistic process models board and card games [cooperation with A 1] case study model CRC 637: Autonomous Cooperating Logistic Processes: A Paradigm Shift and its Limitations transfer of methods future work
A 4 Petri nets Idea: every transition as autonomous unit Place/Transition system (N, m 0) S/T-2 -CAU firing sequences C(N, m 0) rule application SEM(C(N, m 0)) Theorem: 1 -1 -relation between firing sequences with seq. /par. firing and seq. /par. processes 1 -1 -relation between processes in Condition/Event systems and concurrent processes CRC 637: Autonomous Cooperating Logistic Processes: A Paradigm Shift and its Limitations
Advantages formal with rigorous operational semantics visual (based on graphs) supporting verification generalizing existing approaches admitting comparisons with other approaches CRC 637: Autonomous Cooperating Logistic Processes: A Paradigm Shift and its Limitations A 4
Скачать презентацию Collaborative Research Centre 637 Autonomous Cooperating Logistic Processes
145ca230ce02e46032bf6e4d0ed9fb20.ppt