Cisco IOS IP Service Level Agreements Technical Overview

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Agenda • Introduction • Cisco IOS IP Service Level Agreements (SLA) Overview • Use Cases for Cisco IOS IP SLAs • Cisco IOS IP SLAs for Vo. IP • Cisco IOS IP SLAs for IP/MPLS Cisco IOS IP SLA, Technical, 9/04 © 2004 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. 2

VPNs with IOS-based Managed Services Security Routing With Cisco IOS Firewall & Intrusion Prevention System With Cisco Enhanced Interior Gateway Routing Protocol Management With Cisco IP SLAs Corporate Intranet Local or Direct Dial ISP Remote Users/ Telecommuters Provider Networks SP Converged IP/MPLS Network PE MPLS to IPsec/PE Head VPN B Office Internet PE Cable/DSL/ISDN ISP Business Partner Branch Office Remote Access Cisco IOS IP SLA, Technical, 9/04 © 2004 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Corporate Extranet 3

SLAs for IP/MPLS Networks • Cisco IOS IP SLAs’ operations measure per VPN • Allows measurements from a PE to CE routers SP Converged IP/MPLS Network Measure Either CE–PE or CE–CE Links Cisco Exclusive P Router CRS-1 Enterprise Site 1 Measure Either CE– PE or CE–CE or PE-PE Links Enterprise Site 2 Service Provider: Improved and flexible SLA management Enterprises: Access to comprehensive SLA reports Cisco IOS IP SLA, Technical, 9/04 © 2003, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. © 2004 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. 4

Cisco IOS IP SLAs Advantages VPN • SLAs are essential to VPN services • Quality of Service (Qo. S)based measurements • Revenue for differentiated services • Brings IP service customer confidence Vo. IP • Demonstrate how Vo. IP is working • Deploy with confidence • Enhanced customer satisfaction • Metrics useful for trouble shooting & and reducing down time Business Applications • Assure delivery with network performance • Meet business objectives with guaranteed service levels • Assure network quality of service • Reduce downtime Key Services Benefit from Cisco IOS IP SLA I Cisco IOS IP SLA, Technical, 9/04 © 2004 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. II III 5

Cisco IOS IP Service Level Agreements: A New Direction • Cisco solution that assures IP service levels, proactively verifies network operation, and accurately measures network performance Comprehensive hardware support Committed Cisco partner support Cisco IOS Software, the world’s leading network infrastructure software Enterprise and Small Medium Business Understand Network Performance & Ease Deployment Access Service Providers Verify Service Levels Verify Outsourced SLAs Enterprise Premise Edge Enterprise Backbone Measure and provide SLAs Service Provider Aggregation Edge Service Provider Core Cisco IOS Software Cisco IOS IP SLA, Technical, 9/04 © 2004 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. 6

Cisco IOS IP SLAs Understanding IP Service Levels • Optimize IP business applications and services Voice over IP, Video, and VPN • Reduce total cost of ownership • End to end service level measurements Cisco IOS IP SLA, Technical, 9/04 © 2004 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. 7

Cisco IOS IP SLAs Benefits OPTIMIZED APPLICATIONS & SERVICES • Performance visibility • Prove service levels • Enhance Customer satisfaction • Enhance acceptance of businesscritical services REDUCED TOTAL COST OF OWNERSHIP AND Op. Ex • Reduce deployment time • Lower mean time to restore and downtime • Proactive identification of issues enforces higher reliability Continuous Predictable Reliable Measurements and Metrics Automated Intelligence Proactive Cisco IOS IP SLA, Technical, 9/04 © 2004 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. 8

Cisco IOS IP SLAs Life Cycle Baseline network performance Verify network readiness for new services with Cisco IOS IP SLA capabilities. 2 1 Quantify results • Reduce deployment time • Prove service and application differentiation • Verify service levels • Reduce network down time • Manage demand for the network Cisco IOS IP SLA, Technical, 9/04 Understand network performance baseline Confidence to deploy new IP services and applications © 2004 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Assure application and service deployment 4 3 Fine tune and optimize Ongoing measurements to understand behavior with proactive notification 9

Comprehensive Hardware Support Enterprise & Aggregation/Edge Core Cisco IOS Software Release 12. 2 S Cisco 7200 Series Cisco Catalyst Cisco 10000 6500; Cisco Series 7600 Series Cisco 7300 Cisco 4500 Series Cisco 12000 Series Access Cisco IOS Software Releases 12. 3 T and 12. 4 Cisco 800 Cisco 1700 Series Cisco IOS IP SLA, Technical, 9/04 Cisco 2600 Series © 2004 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco 7200 & Cisco 3700 7300 Series Cisco 2900, 3550, & 3750 Series 10

Example: Multi-Protocol Measurement and Management with Cisco IOS IP SLAs Applications Network Performance Monitoring Availability Vo. IP Monitoring Service Level Agreement (SLA) Monitoring Network Assessment Multiprotocol Label Switching (MPLS) Monitoring Trouble Shooting Measurement Metrics Round Trip Time Packet Loss Network Jitter Dist. of Stats Connectivity Protocols Jitter FTP DNS DHCP DLSW ICMP UDP TCP HTTP LDP H. 323 SIP RTP Radius Video IP Server Defined Packet Size, Spacing COS and Protocol IP Server Cisco IOS Software Source IP SLA MIB Data Cisco IOS Software Active Generated Traffic Destination Cisco IOS Software IP SLA Responder Cisco IOS IP SLA, Technical, 9/04 © 2004 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. 11

Cisco IOS IP SLAs Uses and Metrics *DATA TRAFFIC *Vo. IP REQUIREMENT • Minimize Delay, Packet Loss • Verify Qo. S IP SLA MEASURMENT • Jitter • Packet loss • Latency • per Qo. S • Minimize Delay, Packet Loss, Jitter *SERVICE LEVEL AGREEMENT • Measure Delay, Packet Loss, Jitter • One-way • Jitter • Packet loss • Latency • MOS Voice Quality Score • Jitter • Packet loss • Latency • One-way • Enhanced accuracy • NTP *AVAILABILITY Connectivity testing • Connectivity tests to IP devices **STREAMING VIDEO • Minimize Delay, Packet Loss • Jitter • Packet loss • Latency * Currently available **Limited availability in 9/04; complete in CY’ 05 Cisco IOS IP SLA, Technical, 9/04 © 2004 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. 12

Cisco IOS IP SLAs Leading Performance Measurements • Cisco IOS IP SLA has been the most popular way to measure performance statistics (ie: latency, jitter, packet loss, and MOS) because: Simplicity of solution, as compared to other technical solutions High level of confidence The packets are controlled Cost scalable Dedicated probes are not required Cisco IOS IP SLA responder increases measurement accuracy Not possible with ping or other dedicated probe testing Cisco IOS IP SLA, Technical, 9/04 © 2004 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. 13

UDP Jitter Operation Example = IP SLA UDP Jitter test packet – Operation 1 destination IP 10. 0. 0. 1 = IP SLA UDP Jitter test packet – Operation 2 destination IP 20. 0. 0. 1 Interval Frequency Number of Packets Time UDP Jitter default settings: • Frequency = 1 minute • Interval = 20 milliseconds • Number of Packets = 10 Cisco IOS IP SLA, Technical, 9/04 © 2004 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. 14

Cisco IOS IP SLAs Source and Responder • Source Router Cisco IOS Software router that sends data from operation Cisco IOS Software may or may not be the target Some operations require the target to run the IP SLA responder Stores results in MIB Configuration for each operation (destination) device • Responder Responds to IP SLA packets at destination User defined UDP/TCP ports IP SLA Control Protocol MD 5 Authentication Accurate measurements Cisco IOS IP SLA, Technical, 9/04 © 2004 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. 15

UDP Jitter Operation Packet Stream Send train of packets with constant Interval Receive train of packets at Interval impacted by Network IP Core Responder IP SLA Per-direction inter-packet delay (Jitter) Per-direction packet loss Add a receive time stamp, and calculate delta, the processing time. Average Round Trip Delay Cisco IOS IP SLA, Technical, 9/04 © 2004 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. 16

Responder Source Router Target Router Responder T 2 T 1 T 3 T 4 D = T 3 - T 2 The Responder takes 2 Timestamps (T 2 & T 3) • Responder factors out destination processing time making results highly accurate • Responder allows for one-way measurements for latency, jitter, packet loss, and MOS Cisco IOS IP SLA, Technical, 9/04 © 2004 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. 17

Cisco IOS IP SLAs Reaction Conditions • Reaction Trigger to Events Can send SNMP traps for certain “triggering” events: Connection Loss and Timeout Round Trip Time Threshold Average Jitter Threshold Unidirectional packet loss, latency, jitter, MOS Scores Trigger • Immediate • Consecutive • X of Y times • Average Exceeded Can trigger another IP SLA operation for further analysis Threshold Violation Alert No Alert Threshold Violation Alert 100 ms 50 ms Threshold violation Time Cisco IOS IP SLA, Technical, 9/04 © 2004 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Resolution Cisco Internal Use Only 18

Availability 12. 0(5)T 12. 0(8)S 12. 1 E 12. 1(1)T 12. 2(2)T X X X X X X X X X X X X UDP Jitter One Way Latency X FTP Get X Feature/Release 11. 2 12. 0(3)T ICMP Echo X X X X ICMP Echo Path SSCP(SNA) UDP Echo TCP Connect UDP Jitter HTTP DNS DHCP DLSw+ SNMP Support MPLS/VPN Aware Frame-Relay (CLI) ICMP Path Jitter APM Cisco IOS IP SLA, Technical, 9/04 © 2004 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. 12. 2(11)T (Infra 2) 12. 2(14)S 12. 2(25)S X X X X X X X X X X X X X 19

Cisco IOS IP SLAs Partners Cisco Network Management Solution Cisco IP Solution Center MPLS VPN and SLA Monitoring Internetworking Performance Monitor Enterprise performance measurements THIRD PARTY PRODUCTS Cisco IOS IP SLA, Technical, 9/04 © 2004 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. 20

SLA Verification and Management • Customer obtains from Service Provider: Availability Qo. S Jitter SLAs • Service Provider needs visibility in the Customer Edge, in order to commit to SLAs • Enterprise will verify SP SLAs by using access router edge to edge measurements Enterprise may provide restricted Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP) (RTT, Latency, Qo. S) visibility into Access router for Service Provider with restricted access can report SLA as a service back to the enterprise Cisco IOS IP SLA, Technical, 9/04 © 2004 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. 22

Network Monitoring • Cisco IOS IP SLA answers the following question: What is the jitter, latency, or packet loss between any two points in the network? • IP Services can be simulated by specifying various packet sizes, ports, class of service, packet spacing, and measurement frequencies • Uni-directional and highly accurate measurements • Measurements per class of service to validate service differentiation for data, voice, and video • Cisco IOS IP SLA will identify an edge to edge network performance baseline and allow the user to understand trends and anomalies from the baseline Cisco IOS IP SLA, Technical, 9/04 © 2004 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. 23

IP Network Readiness • Network assessment tool built into Cisco IOS Software • Simulate IP Services and verify how well they will work in the network • How well is Qo. S working in the network predeployment • Post deployment continued verification of network performance per IP service Cisco IOS IP SLA, Technical, 9/04 © 2004 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. 24

Availability Monitoring • Cisco IOS IP SLA uses proactive monitoring for periodic, reliable, and continuous availability measurements • Connectivity measurements from Cisco router to router or Cisco router to server • Threshold notifications when end point is not available What is the availability of a Network File System (NFS) server used to store business critical data from a remote site ? Cisco IOS IP SLA UDP active measurement to specific server ports is used to test remote site to server connectivity If server is unavailable, then traps can notify the network management system Cisco IOS IP SLA, Technical, 9/04 © 2004 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. 25

Troubleshooting with Cisco IOS IP SLAs • Proactive notification of problems and issues based on threshold alerts • Testing edge to edge consistently and reliability will save time in finding and pin pointing network performance problem areas • Secondary activation of path operation (ie: path jitter) or activation of operations at a higher frequency to isolate and verify problem areas in the network Cisco IOS IP SLA, Technical, 9/04 © 2004 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. 26

IP SLAs for Voice over IP • Vo. IP may be difficult to deploy when the network behavior is not well understood Cisco IOS IP SLAs will verify network readiness and Qo. S Measure critical performance for Vo. IP deployment Real time warning of network performance degradation IP SLA is universally available across Cisco IOS Software routers Standard jitter, Packet loss, latency measurements Cisco IOS IP SLA, Technical, 9/04 Voice quality score measurements © 2004 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Call setup measurements Hardware-based Vo. IP measurements 28

Cisco IOS IP SLAs for Vo. IP • Voice quality measurements between any two network points on any path • Continuous, reliable, predictable performance monitoring • Cisco IOS IP SLAs thresholds and hop-by-hop details isolate problems IP SLA Network to Server Measurements IP SLA WAN Measurements A A PSTN IP WAN Branch Headquarters Cisco IOS IP SLA, Technical, 9/04 IP SLA End to End Measurements © 2004 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Internal Use Only 29

Cisco IOS IP SLAs for Vo. IP Features • November 2003 (Release 12. 3(4)T) Vo. IP Codec Simulations using Cisco IOS IP SLA active monitoring Voice Quality Scoring • March 2003 (Release 12. 3(7)T) New Threshold traps, one-way packet loss, jitter, latency and MOS Cisco IOS IP SLA, Technical, 9/04 © 2004 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. 30

Cisco IOS IP SLAs Example United States, Service Provider IP CLASS OF SERVICE ONE-WAY DELAY THROUGHPUT JITTER Qo. S BANDWIDTH PER AAPP Priority Voice Traffic < 80 ms Packet loss < 5% less < 35 ms Max 75% Real-Time Traffic – Video < 80 ms Packet loss < 3% 60% Priority Data Traffic < 100 ms Packet loss < 2% 30% Best Effort Traffic No target 10% • Jitter: telephony and multi-media conferencing • Packet Loss: telephony, multi-media conferencing, streaming media, low latency data • Delay: telephony, multi-media conferencing, streaming media Cisco IOS IP SLA, Technical, 9/04 © 2004 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. 32

VPN SLAs and Performance Measurement • Cisco IOS a leader in IP/MPLS • How to measure an SLA within a specific VPN? Cisco IOS IP SLA operations are vrf-aware and measure an SLA per VPN Allows measurements from a PE or multi-vrf CE router Releases 12. 2(2)T, 12. 2(20)S, and 12. 0(26)S Cisco IOS IP SLA, Technical, 9/04 © 2004 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. 10. 10. 11. 10. 1 (PE) 10. 12. 10. 1 CEs with VRFs Red, Blue and Yellow. 33