CIPANP Relativistic Heavy Ion RHI Parallel Session 3

CIPANP Relativistic Heavy Ion (RHI) Parallel Session 3 (Wednesday May 21, 1: 40 - 3: 20 pm): Probes of Dense Gluonic Matter (part II) Jet Quenching and Energy Loss - Miklos Gyulassy CIPANP’ 03 Gyulassy 1

The QGP Paradigm G. Baym, QM 02 CIPANP’ 03 Proc. Quark Matter 1981 -2002 Gyulassy 2

The CGC Paradigm Ln 1/x CIPANP’ 03 Iancu, Venugopalan hep-ph/0303204 Gyulassy 3

p. T Distribution of Charged Particles Phobos Preliminary Bulk G. Roland Tail Systematic Errors not shown How can we use this tiny p. QCD tail to wag the QGP Bulk? CIPANP’ 03 Gyulassy 4

The high p. T window at RHIC is now wide open Au-Au nucl-ex/0304022 nucl-ex/0305015 p+p-> p 0 CIPANP’ 03 hep-ex/0304038 STAR PRL 89, 202301 Gyulassy 5

Jet Tomography of QCD Matter Ivan Vitev, Peter Levai, Xin-Nian Wang, MG Reviewed in nucl-th/0302077 Single Hadron Tomography g p g L 2 g T g p L 1 g CIPANP’ 03 jet p g T Di-Hadron Tomography X X X g Gyulassy 6

Au-Au 200 Ge. V: RAA: High p. T Suppression Final submitted to PRL Au-Au nucl-ex/0304022 CIPANP’ 03 M. G. Perdekamp, RHIC/AGS May 15, 2003 Gyulassy 7

p. QCD tomography CIPANP’ 03 I. Vitev et al GRV EKS BKK GLV Gyulassy 8

Single Hadron Tomography from SPS, RHIC, LHC Ivan Vitev and MG, Phys. Rev. Lett. 89 (2002) 1. Cronin dominates at SPS 2. Cronin+Quench+Shadow 3. conspire to give ~ flat 4. R~Npart/Nbin at RHIC 5. d. Ng/dy ~ 1000 -> g ~100 3. Predicts sub Npart quench, 4. 5. CIPANP’ 03 positive p. T slope of R at LH and RLHC(40)~RRHIC(40) Gyulassy 9

Mono Jets from STAR at RHIC (STAR, PRL 90, 082302(2002)) Di-Jets from p + p at 200 Ge. V ‘Mono-Jets’ from Au + Au at 200 Ge. V ● CIPANP’ 03 STAR, AGS Users Meeting May 15, 2003 Au+Au p+p Gyulassy 10

Suppression and correlation STAR: 200 Ge. V Au+Au / p+p ● Au+Au p+p STAR Preliminary Hadron suppression and disappearance of back-to-back ‘jet’ are correlated! STAR PRL 90, 082302 CIPANP’ 03 STAR, AGS Users Meeting May 15, 2003 Gyulassy 11

Centrality Dependence of p 0 Quenching PHENIX Au. Au 200: nucl-ex/0304022 Consistent With GLV Formalism CIPANP’ 03 Gyulassy 12

So What Do the new d+Au data say? Which paradigm is closer to reality in The RHIC x>0. 01 domain? CIPANP’ 03 Gyulassy 13

XN Wang, MG Gluon Shadow Jet Quenching BRAHMS PRL 88(02) Cronin? Mini-jets Soft Lund strings CIPANP’ 03 Gyulassy 14 Need p. A (or d. A) to eliminate jet quenching

Unquenched Predictions for d+Au XNWang, PRC 61(00)064910 A. Accardi et al. p. QCD partonic level Glauber-Gribov P. Levai et al. CIPANP’ 03 X. N. Wang, nucl-th/0303004 Gyulassy 15

Our NULL Quenching Prediction for d. A for x>0. 01 is confirmed ! AA quench must be final state interactions PHENIX Preliminary 1 s errors STAR Preliminary CIPANP’ 03 PHOBOS Preliminary CIPANP 5/21/03 Gyulassy 16 Gyulassy-16

The NULL Quenching Prediction for d. A (for x>0. 01) is confirmed ! D+Au Preliminary STAR Preliminary Au+Au Final PHOBOS Preliminary AA quench must be due to final state interactions: Jet Quenching CIPANP’ 03 CIPANP 5/21/03 Gyulassy 17

Run 2002/2003 d-Au 200 Ge. V: PRELIMINARY 0 RAA Predictions vs Experiment for central Au+Au and d+Au collisions d+Au: I. Vitev, nucl-th/0302002 and private communication. PHENIX Preliminary anti-shadowing Au+Au: I. Vitev and M. Gyulassy, Phys. Rev. Lett. 89: 252301, 2002; hep-ph/0208108; M. Gyulassy, P. Levai and I. Vitev, Nucl. Phys. B 594, p. 371 (2001). CIPANP’ 03 shadowing Gyulassy 18

d+Au: two-particle correlations Check mate! • no normalization to underlying event The NULL d. A Quench prediction is seen in full • “central”: top 20% strength back-to-back FTPCE multiplicity Correlations as in p+p • underlying event grows: p+p < d+Au minbias < d+Au central • near-side: correlation strength and width similar • away-side: d+Au peak broadens but little centrality dependence Unquenched back-to-back jets are observed in central d+Au! CIPANP’ 03 From P. Jacobs for STAR Gyulassy 19

Does the p. QCD tail wag the QGP dog? Phobos Preliminary G. Roland Tail BULK Systematic Errors not shown Yes it does! CIPANP’ 03 Gyulassy 20

Conclusions: After the first 3000 man-years at RHIC • d+Au was the critical NULL quench control experiment • Au Au RHIC data are now only consistent with QGP Paradigm! • Jet quenching IS due to final state interactions in an opaque QGP More good NEWS: • Bulk Elliptic flow p. T< 2 Ge. V saturates hydrodynamic limit for first time CIPANP’ 03 • V 2(pt; h) is consistent with lattice QCD equation of state Gyulassy 21

Collective Flow of Bulk QCD matter? P. Kolb et al, D. Teany et al The most sensitive Barometric probe of the QCD Equation of State P(T) Mh dependent v 2(p. T) Initial spatial anisotropy Final momentum anisotropy y p y x CIPANP’ 03 px Gyulassy 22

Experimental To Do List • Y=+- 3 d. Au to test if x=0. 001 QGP->CGC ? • C 2(phi 1, phi 2, pt 1, pt 2, eta 1, eta 2, fl 1, fl 2, Mult, A, B, Ecm) • Heavy Quark tomography [ Magdalena Djordjevic] • Open Charm (enhancement? ); J/Psi (suppression? ) • Charm Flow? [ Sotiria Batsouli ] • Need Direct Photons thermometer • and tagged direct photon -quark jets! • Excitation function Ecm~50 -100, A=20 -100 CIPANP’ 03 Gyulassy 23

Theory To Do List • HBT source Ecm invariance? • why No time-delay? • ET/N Ecm invariance, Npart invariance? • NEW** V 2(p. T) Ecm invariance !? • source of Flat High pt saturation • V 2(y) NON Bjorken boost invariant • Baryon transport dynamics • Thermalization, QGP Transport theory CIPANP’ 03 Gyulassy 24

Selected References on Jet Quenching See also refs therein JET QUENCHING AND RADIATIVE ENERGY LOSS IN DENSE NUCLEAR MATTER. By Miklos Gyulassy (Columbia U. ), Ivan Vitev (Iowa State U. ), Xin-Nian Wang (LBL, Berkeley), Ben-Wei Zhang (Hua-Zhong Normal U. ). Feb 2003. 69 pp. Published in Quark Gluon Plasma 3, editors: R. C. Hwa and X. N. Wang, World Scientific, Singapore. e-Print Archive: nucl-th/0302077 HIGH P(T) TOMOGRAPHY OF D + AU AND AU+AU AT SPS, RHIC, AND LHC. By Ivan Vitev (Columbia U. & Iowa State U. ), Miklos Gyulassy (Columbia U. ). Sep 2002. 4 pp. Published in Phys. Rev. Lett. 89: 252301, 2002 e-Print Archive: hep-ph/0209161 NONABELIAN ENERGY LOSS AT FINITE OPACITY. By M. Gyulassy (Columbia U. ), P. Levai (Columbia U. & Budapest, RMKI), I. Vitev (Columbia U. ). CU-TP-976, May 2000. 4 pp. Published in Phys. Rev. Lett. 85: 5535 -5538, 2000 e-Print Archive: nucl-th/0005032 HIGH P(T) AZIMUTHAL ASYMMETRY IN NONCENTRAL A+A AT RHIC. By M. Gyulassy (Columbia U. & LBL, Berkeley), I. Vitev (Columbia U. ), X. N. Wang (LBL, Berkeley). Dec 2000. 4 pp. Published in Phys. Rev. Lett. 86: 2537 -2540, 2001 e-Print Archive: nucl-th/0012092 REACTION OPERATOR APPROACH TO NONABELIAN ENERGY LOSS. By M. Gyulassy (Columbia U. ), P. Levai (Columbia U. & Budapest, RMKI), I. Vitev (Columbia U. ). CU-TP-979, Jun 2000. 39 pp. Published in Nucl. Phys. B 594: 371 -419, 2001 e-Print Archive: nucl-th/0006010 JET TOMOGRAPHY OF AU+AU REACTIONS INCLUDING MULTIGLUON FLUCTUATIONS. By M. Gyulassy (Columbia U. ), P. Levai (Budapest, RMKI), I. Vitev (Columbia U. ). Dec 2001. 6 pp. Published in Phys. Lett. B 538: 282 -288, 2002 e-Print Archive: nucl-th/0112071 CIPANP’ 03 Gyulassy 25