Chimney Fires Instructor: Dan Braitsch
Student Performance Objective Given information from discussion, handouts, and reading materials, the student will be expected to describe the breakdown and anatomy of a chimney fire. The student will review causes of chimney fire inception, possible hazards associated with chimney fires and subsequent safety considerations, and methods of chimney fire extinguishment. The student will review the role of the fire ground personnel in mitigating a chimney fire incident.
Overview ■Characteristics of chimney fires ■Chimney anatomy and assemblies ■Causes and reasons for damaged chimneys ■ICS and fireground operations at chimney fire incidents ■Safety and accountability ■Extinguishment ■Salvage and overhaul
Chimney Fires ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ Burns explosively Noisy, low rumble Turbulent Smoke Very high temps Cracks in thimble Cracks in flue pipe Smoke damage Roof /Attic damage Chimney damage
Anatomy of a Fireplace
Anatomy of a Pellet Stove
Anatomy of a Wood Burning Stove
Anatomy of a Wood Burning Stove Insert
Pre-Fab Chimneys ■ Check for extension ■ ■ ■ Top of stove Along metal flue / welds At Fire stop Within Chase and Chase Cover At the termination Cap
Creosote Formation
Damaged Chimneys ■ ■ 2000 degrees F will start to break down masonry work Brick and mortar integrity will fail Cracks in Terracotta lining will form Metal Chimneys – high heat will warp seams and crack welds
Response ■ ■ ■ ■ Is it only a chimney fire? Don’t assume anything THINK HOUSE FIRE! Respond as house fire Full assignment / box Officer to do a complete 360 Pull charged line to front of house ready to go
Equipment Needed ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ Chimney Brush Tarps / Runners Metal salvage bucket D/C Extinguisher Baggies with D/C Small stove shovel TI Camera Mirror Positive Pressure Fan Heavy Chain with Metal Cable (old way)
Assignments ■ ■ ■ ■ Use ICS Incident Command Safety Officer Fire Attack Crew Roof/Chimney Crew Ventilation Crew Exposure Crew
Job Duties ■ ■ ■ ■ Fire Attack Crew Put F/R tarps down Open damper Use DC to subdue fire Remove combustibles in metal can Remove vent pipe if needed Use D/C Extinguisher up chimney
Job Duties ■ ■ ■ Chimney/Roof Crew Use Plastic bags with DC to put out fire Check integrity of chimney Check exposure to roof Two means of egress Full PPE and SCBA
Job Duties ■ ■ ■ Ventilation Crew Sets up positive pressure fan Creates appropriate openings for movement of dangerous materials
Job Duties ■ ■ ■ Exposure Crew Check for extension along chimney area Check attic/second floor for extension Pull back up handline Support ladders Help with ventilation
Safety ■ ■ ■ ■ Full Protective Equipment for everyone Personnel working roof/chimney have SCBA Use of Aerial Device Use TI camera and look for hot spots Accountability Use radios for communications Work in teams of two or as a group, no freelancing
Extinguishment ■ ■ ■ Extinguish & remove fuel from firebox D/C in bags dropped down chimney D/C Extinguisher from the base of flue PPV forced D/C up chimney Chimney chain (old method)
Remove Fuel ■ ■ ■ Extinguish fire in firebox, let steam rise Carry fireplace contents in salvage bucket outside and ensure extinguished Close draft stop
Dry Chemical Bags ■ ■ Dropped from top of chimney Bag melts as it descends Releases powder into flue Powder then carried upward
Extinguisher from base of flue ■ ■ Open draft stop and insert nozzle, discharge upward Heat / Natural Vent carries D/C up May initially intensify fire with opening of draft stop Messy
PPV forced D/C up chimney ■ ■ Locate seat of fire in flue using mirror Close other openings within structure Cover firebox opening and start PPV fan Create small opening and discharge D/C
What's Wrong with this Picture?
Termination ■ ■ Check for hot spots Proper Overhaul, no rekindle. Make sure all fire is out. Cover open holes, Salvage Account for personnel Tell home occupant not to use fireplace until inspection.
Student Performance Objectives Given information from discussion, handouts, and reading materials, the student will be expected to describe the breakdown and anatomy of a chimney fire. The student will review causes of chimney fire inception, possible hazards associated with chimney fires and subsequent safety considerations, and methods of chimney fire extinguishment. The student will review the role of the fire ground personnel in mitigating a chimney fire incident.
Review ■Characteristics of chimney fires ■Chimney anatomy and assemblies ■Causes and reasons for damaged chimneys ■ICS and fireground operations at chimney fire incidents ■Safety and accountability ■Extinguishment ■Salvage and overhaul
Be Safe Everyone Goes Home
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