Characteristics of Civilization: The Hebrews and Phoenicians Mr. Pagliaro Seymour High School
Key Vocabulary Terms ¡ monotheism ¡ covenant ¡ murex Names ¡ Palestine ¡ Canaan ¡ Abraham ¡ Torah ¡ Moses ¡ Phoenicians
Section Objectives Summarize the history and beliefs of the Hebrews ¡ Explain the historical and cultural significance of Exodus ¡ Identify and evaluate the contributions of the Phoenicians ¡
The Ancient Hebrews ¡ Location-South Western Fertile Crescent l ¡ Significance-Worlds 1 st Monotheistic Religion: Judaism l l ¡ Canaan (later Israel) Belief in Yahweh (Hebrew name for God) Believed to be “God’s Chosen People” Founder: Abram (later Abraham)
Abraham-Patriarch of Hebrew Social Structure: Monotheism HAGAR The 12 Tribes of Israel ABRAHAM Ishmael 12 Arabian Tribes Islam SARAH Isaac Jacob 12 Tribes of Israel Esau Judaism & Christianity
Abraham’s Journey from Ur Canaan The “Promised Land”
Abraham’s Journeys
Check up ¡ Where did Abraham and his family originally come from? Where did they go?
The Torah § The first 5 books of the Hebrew Bible. § The most sacred text in the Jewish religious tradition. §God’s covenant The Torah
Famine Migration to Goshen, Egypt
Moses “Prince of Egypt” “Shepherd of His
The Exodus-Hebrews out of Egypt c. 1400 s or 1300 s BC
Route of the Exodus
Moses and the 10 Commandments A new “covenant” with Yahweh
Hebrew Kings c. 1030 -930 BC (the Golden Age) Saul 2. David 3. Solomon 1.
King David’s Empire
Solomon’s Kingdom
King Solomon’s Temple Floor Plan The First Temple
Inside the Temple Tabernacle (The Holy of Holies) The Ark of the Covenant
The Temple Mount Today Solomon’s Temple Wall: The “Wailing” Wall
Kingdoms of Judah & Israel
Babylonian Captivity
Check up ¡ ¡ What was the Babylonian captivity? What were some of the main problems facing the Hebrews between 2000 BC and 700 BC?
The Phoenicians Achievement #1: Extraordinary shipbuilders and sailors ¡ Government: City-States ¡ l l l Sidon and Tyre made red-purple dye (60, 000 snails made one 1 lb. brick) Byblos traded papyrus. Greatest colony was Carthage (Tyre)
Trade Round-hulled ships ¡ Goods: ¡ l l l Murex (purple dye) Glass Lebanon cedar
Phoenician Trade Routes
The Phoenician Alphabet
Check up ¡ What is Phoenician’s greatest legacy, extensive trade and cultural diffusion or the 1 st alphabet?
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