Chapters 5/6/7 - Congress “The Legislative Branch”
“First Branch of Government” Sect. 1 • http: //www. youtube. c om/watch? v=Kj. Zb. D Rxl. VLs • Citizen’s Opinion Guides Elected officials in Determining Policy • Powers Come From Article I of Constitution – Expressed Powers
How is Congress Made Up? House of Representatives “BI-CAMERAL” Senate
Responsibilities of Congress • Make Laws (Most Important Function) • Serve Constituents - the people he/she represents – Congressman serves as an “ombudsan” to the people (liason) • Practice Oversight – Congressional Investigations • Vote on Bills
Legislative Branch • “Closest to the people” – Directly elected by the voters – President by electoral college – Judges appointed
When Does Congress Meet? • Begins Jan. 3 of every ODD numbered year – 20 th Amendment – “Lame Duck Amendment” • Each term Numbered - 114 th
• House: – Tues. - Thursday • Senate: – Three Five Day Weeks, One Week Off • House - 26 free roundtrip airfares • Senate - 40 to 44
Make - Up Of Congress Mike Bost https: //www. youtube. com/watch? v=Phb. Rc. DZi. JJc • Usually Male, White, Middle Age, Wealthy, Professional • Incumbants Generally - Why? https: //www. opens ecrets. org/bigpictu re/reelect. php
Why is it so Difficult to Defeat Incumbents? • $ - Have access to large amounts of money – Interest Groups, PACS, Special Interest Money • • Name is already familiar to people They will be rewarded by voters Franking Privilege “Gerrymandering”
House of Representatives “Lower House’ Sect. 2 • 435 members - each state guaranteed 1 (North Dakota and Delaware) • 1929 Congress passed Law - always will have 435 members • Reapportioned every ten years – After the Census is taken • “Gerry-mandering”
Members of the House • • Term: 2 Years Qualifications Salary $174, 000 (Base) http: //hobnobblog. com/congress-by-thenumbers/pay-and-perquisites-ofmembers-of-congress-including-a-history -of-house-and-senate-salaries/ • House Leadership • WF is in the 12 th Congressional District • Mike Bost is our Congressman
Senate - “The Upper House” • 100 Members - 2 per State ( New Jersey Plan) • 1/3 Elected Every 2 years - Allows for a “Continuous Body” • Qualifications • Term – 6 years • Salary - $174, 000 (Base) • Leadership • Filibusters? • http: //www. youtube. com/watch? v=g. ZA 77 xb 8 v. E • Dick Durbin, Mark Kirk – Il. Senators
Benefits/Privileges for Senators and House Members • • • Free Office Space and equipment Plants Support Staff Franking Privileges “Privilege from Arrest” Pension after 5 years - $62, 000 annually (20 yrs. Service) • Lost cost Medical Care
Legislative Agencies • General Accounting Office (GAO) – Examines expenditures of governmental agencies to make sure federal funds are being used as they were intended by Congress – Serves as the “Watch Dog” of the Treasury Dept. – Huge Accounting Office – http: //www. youtube. com/watch? v=qv 30 l. GH zpu. Q
Chapter 6 Congressional Powers
Powers of Congress • Expressed Powers – Powers Specifically Listed in Article I • Taxing , Spending , Coining money, Regulating Commerce, granting copyrights/patents, declaring war, organize federal court system • Implied Powers – Powers derived from Elastic Clause (Necessary and Proper Clause) • “Make laws necessary and proper in carrying out its duties” • Regulating Air Travel, Computer Transmissions • Denied Powers – Powers that the Federal government CANNOT do
• Reserved Powers – powers specifically given only to the states • Education • Infrastructure Development • Roads and Bridges • Concurrent Powers – powers shared between the Federal and State Government • Taxing
Types of Powers of Congress • Money Powers – Lay and Collect Taxes, Print and Coin Money, Borrow Money • Commerce Powers – Regulate foreign and interstate commerce • Military Powers – Declare War, Raise Army • Legislative Powers – Make laws, Create federal courts, grant patents and copyrights, practice oversight
Chapter 7 How A Bill Becomes A Law “SEE YOUR FLOW CHART!!”
Committees in Congress http: //www. house. gov/committees/ http: //www. senate. gov/pagelayout/com mittees/d_three_sections_with_teasers/c ommittees_home. htm https: //www. youtube. com/watch? v=tye J 55 o 3 El 0 https: //www. youtube. com/watch? v=66 f 4 -NKEYz 4 http: //www. senate. gov/reference/Legisl ation/Vetoes/veto. Counts. htm
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