Chapter 8 SUBSYSTEMS and PERFORMANCE L 11 C 8 C 9 ops 400. ppt 1
SUBSYSTEM CONFIGURATION QBASE QSPL QSYSWRK QCTLSBSD QCTL - system console QINTER QBATCH QSPL QCMN QSYSWRK +++++ 2
No restriction on the number of subsystems allowed to run simultaneously. A SUBSYTEM is an operating environment with its own job queue partitioned from the main system Running with multiple subsystems provides for better control and performance of the whole system the multiple subsystem environment is activated by changing the system value QCTLSBSD to QCTL 3
Two major categories IBM supplied USER supplied • • Application dependent. • Some supplied by “off the shelf” Software houses • Other created in house as needed QBASE QCTL QBATCH QINTER QSPL QCMN QSYSWRK 4
IBM supplied QBASE - Default subsystem can run all jobs when the installed - inefficient for later use QCTL system is first - Starts and ends other subsystems. System console MUST be assigned to it A System is said to be in RESTRICTED STATE when QCTL is the only SBS active. Requirement for RCLSTG function. QBATCH - arranges and manages batch entries, job priorities and the running of active jobs (max 2 or 3! recommended) QINTER- has workstation entries allowing interactive jobs to run simultaneously in this subsystem QSPL - has spooled job queue entries for spooled jobs. E. g. reader and writer jobs QCMN - communication entries for all communication jobs to run in this subsystem QSYSWRK - systems functions 5
Common USER supplied / created SUBSYSTEMS Common to see QPGMR - for programmers environment QINTER 2 - special interactive jobs QBATCH 2 - additional batch stream QBATCH 3 - additional batch streams ETC. 6
JOB entry types Subsystem QBATCH Subsystem QINTER Job Queue entries Workstation entries Subsystem QSPL Subsystem QCMN Job Queue / spooler entries Communication entries Subsystem ? ? Entries 3 rd party Supplied USER SUPPLIED Subsystem ? ? ? entries 7
JOB TYPES Batch typically a series of programs to be executed consecutively Back up , Month end SBMJOB CMD(CALL PGM(ARPOST) PARM(DB 400 A 01)) Interactive on line real time processing - a dialogue between users and programs CALL PGM(ARPOST) PARM(DB 400 A 01)) Spooled can be input or output - retrieved or send to queues WRKSPLF Communication - started by a request from a remote system to initialize a program and allocate resources 8
SUBSYSTEM COMMANDS CHGSYSVAL(QCTLSBSD) VALUE(QCTL) CRTSBSD(ANDRE) POOLS((3 2000 10)) MAXJOBS(3) TEXT('dummy sample') STRSBS SBSD(QBATCH 2) ENDSBS SBS(QBATCH 2) OPTION(*CNTRLD) DSPSBSD, WRKSBS, JOB Commands CALL -- starts a program and optionally pass parameters to it SBMJOB - submit a job to another subsystem (most common to batch) to be executed in sequential order or by priority WRKACTJOB - displays the current status of all active jobs currently running in the system (across all subsystems) 9
The JOB Description - *JOBD Contains a set of parameters the value of which defines how and where a job is to be processed some of these are *JOBQ which job queue is to be used *OUTQ - where the output is to be directed *JOBPTY - at what priority is this job to run *INLLIBL - What libraries are to be used in the search path IBM ships the AS/400 with default job descriptions for batch, interactive and spooled jobs 10
SYSTEM / STORAGE POOLS WRKSHRPOOL • Defined • Pool • *MACHINE 112. 27 +++++ 112. 27 • • • *BASE *INTERACT *SPOOL *SHRPOOL 1 *SHRPOOL 2 485. 85 415. 63 10. 23. 00 485. 85 2 *CALC 415. 63 4 *FIXED 10. 23 3 USRDFN *FIXED Max Allocated Pool -Paging Option-Size (M) Active 43 62 7 0 0 Size (M) ID Defined Current 1 *FIXED 11
*MACHINE - hardware dependent - different for each site reserved for operating system usage *BASE - Main storage can optionally be shared by all *INTERACT - interactive jobs (dedicated) *SPOOL - for spooled jobs (dedicated) *SHRPOOL 1 - as designated *SHRPOOL 2 QBASE will use *BASE and *INTERACT by default QSPL will use *BASE and *SPOOL by default 12
SYSTEM POOLS Have a predefined size and activity level (max jobs) To much activity in a specific pool leads too trashing and reduced performance *BASE pool is used for excess memory demand for jobs where not enough memory is available in the assigned pool. Subsystem pool numbers are used for routing purposes (primary use / secondary use) 13
POOLS System Pool Reserved Max Pool Size (M) Active Pool 1 106. 48 63. 57 +++++ *MACHINE 2 510. 29 43 *BASE 3 10. 23. 00 7 *SPOOL 4 396. 98. 00 62 *INTERACT Subsystem description: QBASE Pool ID 1 2 Subsystem Library Status: INACTIVE Storage Activity Size (K) Level *BASE *INTERACT 14
Cross relationship between pools Work with Subsystems System: ODIN Type options, press Enter. 4=End subsystem 5=Display subsystem description 8=Work with subsystem jobs Total ------Subsystem Pools------Opt Subsystem Storage (M) 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 __ __ QDNNOTIFY QINTER QSERVER QSPL . 00. 00 2 2 2 4 2 2 3 SYSTEM POOL referenced 15
End Subsystem ( ENDSBS) Type choices, press Enter. Subsystem. . . QCMN__ How to end. . . *CNTRLD Delay time, if *CNTRLD. . . *NOLIMIT Name, *ALL *CNTRLD, *IMMED Seconds, *NOLIMIT Additional Parameters End subsystem option. . . *DFT + for more values *DFT, *NOJOBLOG, *CHGPTY. . . ONLY to be done when no jobs are running in that subsystems *NOLIMIT allows jobs to finish naturally Should always end CONTROLLED 16
SYSTEM PERFORMANCE performance adjustment control Display System Value System value. . . : QPFRADJ Description. . . : Performance adjustment. . . : 2 0=No adjustment 1=Adjustment at IPL 2=Adjustment at IPL and automatic adjustment done by system 3=Automatic adjustment done by system Use HELP on the DSPSYSVAL QPFRADJ to get a complete explanation screen 17
Monitoring and adjusting system performance DASD - stay below 80% - buy Memory - reallocate pool storage - buy CPU - exceeds threshold - trashing - buy time slices - max cpu time given per serving run priorities 1 - 99 highest = 1 lowest = 99 interactive normally @ 20 batch jobs normally @ 50 BALANCE the SYTEM based on DEMAND 18
JOB STATES ACTIVE uses the processor occupies storage within the activity level of the storage pool WAITING In wait for I/O activity (some action) INELIGIBLE Activity level exceeded (no space/time available to run) 19
Monitoring System Status • WRKSYSSTS • Especially keep an eye on disk usage • When disk usage > 85% serious response time problems occur • What to do when this happens? Get rid of old spooled files, joblogs, unused objects, archive older files, etc. • Compress and reorganize physical files to reclaim delete records space. • Reclaim storage (combine with an IPL) 20
MEASURING system performance Work with System Status ODIN % CPU used. . . . : 10. 0 Elapsed time. . . : 01: 24: 31 Jobs in system. . . : 17999 % addresses used: Permanent. . . : . 007 Temporary. . . : . 021 11/19/00 20: 53: 30 Auxiliary storage: System ASP. . . : % system ASP used. . : Total. . . . : Current unprotect used : Maximum unprotect. . : 68. 71 G 28. 2158 68. 71 G 6088 M 6091 M Type changes (if allowed), press Enter. System Pool Reserved Pool Size (M) 1 116. 09 63. 55 2 502. 91. 29 3 10. 23. 00 4 394. 75. 00 Max Active +++++ 43 7 62 -----DB----Fault Pages. 0. 0. 5. 7. 0. 0. 1. 4 ---Non-DB--Fault Pages 2. 5 2. 7 2. 8 7. 8. 0. 0 2. 3 5. 0 21
Monitoring system performance Work with System Status % CPU used. . . . : 7. 0 Elapsed time. . . : 00: 01 Jobs in system. . . : 19168 % addresses used: Permanent. . . : . 007 Temporary. . . : . 024 WRKSYSSTS ODIN 11/29/00 22: 05: 47 Auxiliary storage: System ASP. . . : % system ASP used. . : Total. . . . : Current unprotect used : Maximum unprotect. . : 68. 71 G 24. 2497 68. 71 G 2676 M 2697 M Type changes (if allowed), press Enter. System Pool 1 2 3 4 Pool Reserved Max -----DB----- ---Non-DB--Size (M) Active Fault Pages 113. 96 63. 50 +++++. 0. 0. 8. 8 468. 27 6. 39 88. 0. 0 10. 23. 00 8. 0. 0 431. 51. 00 62. 0. 0 5. 3 7. 0 22
Display System Value System value. . . : QMCHPOOL Description. . . : Machine storage pool size Pool size in K bytes. . : 112048 256 -2147483647 23
Monitor active users WRKACTJOB Especially keep an eye on CPU %%%% • When CPU usage = ++++ serious response time problems might occur based on duration of status • What to do when this happens? Verify individual usage, make sure no one is in an infinite loop THEN 1 st 2 nd 3 rd then Send a message to heavy users Change RUN priorities Put lesser users on HOLD KILL repeat offenders. 24
Work with Active Jobs CPU %: 16. 7 WRKACTJOB Elapsed time: 00: 01: 10 ODIN 04/03/01 15: 39: 20 Active jobs: 218 Type options, press Enter. 2=Change 3=Hold 4=End 5=Work with 6=Release 7=Display message 8=Work with spooled files 13=Disconnect. . . Opt __ __ __ Subsystem/Job QCMN QCTL QSYSSCD QINTER QPADEV 000 M QPADEV 001 C QPADEV 001 D QPADEV 001 S QPADEV 001 T QPADEV 001 V User QSYS QPGMR QSYS DB 344 A 16 CE 234 B 14 DB 344 B 05 DB 234 F 18 ABERNS DB 444 B 17 Type CPU % Function SBS. 0 BCH. 0 PGM-QEZSCNEP SBS. 0 INT. 0 CMD-STRSEU INT. 0 CMD-WRKOBJPDM INT. 1 CMD-STRSEU INT. 0 CMD-STRSEU INT 1. 9 CMD-WRKACTJOB INT. 0 CMD-STRPDM Status DEQW EVTW DEQW DSPW RUN DSPW More. . . Parameters or command ===> -------------------------------------------F 3=Exit F 5=Refresh F 7=Find F 10=Restart statistics F 11=Display elapsed data F 12=Cancel F 23=More options F 24=More keys 25
WRKDSKSTS Work with Disk Status ODIN 11/19/00 21: 16: 47 Request Size (K) 6. 5 7. 4 5. 7 7. 2 6. 3 Read Write % Rqs (K) Busy 1. 8 4. 7 6. 8 6. 4 0 1. 1 2. 8 8. 9 6. 8 1 1. 0 3. 2 4. 0 6. 3 3. 2 2. 4 4. 0 7. 5 0. 7 3. 1 4. 9 6. 7 3 Elapsed time: 00: 31 Unit 1 2 3 4 5 Type 6717 6717 Size (M) 8589 7516 % Used 28. 2 I/O Rqs 6. 5 3. 9 4. 2 2. 6 3. 9 26
Powering down the system • PWRDWNSYS • Make sure to do a SNDBRKMSG to ALL users to notify them well in advance of the intended shut down! Power Down System Type choices, press Enter. How to end. . . Delay time, if *CNTRLD. . . Restart options: Restart after power down. . . Restart type. . IPL source. . . *CNTRLD 3600 *NO *IPLA *PANEL *CNTRLD, *IMMED Seconds, *NOLIMIT *NO, *YES *IPLA, *SYS, *FULL *PANEL, A, B, D Additional Parameters End subsystem option. . . + for more values Timeout option. . *DFT *CONTINUE *DFT, *NOJOBLOG, *CHGPTY. . . *CONTINUE, *MSD, *SYSREFCDE 27
Operations Navigator the GUI Interface DO LAB ’s A and B from MY web page ON YOUR OWN 28
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