Chapter 30 A Conservative Revival and the End

Chapter 30 A Conservative Revival and the End of the Cold War, 1980 -2000

Readings • • Read the entire chapter “Nancy told me to read the chapter, so I will!” 2

Introduction • “Ich bin ein Berliner!” • “Mr. Gorbachev, tear down this wall!” 3

Conservative Shift in American Culture and Politics • Ronald Reagan “Well, there you go again!” 4

Conservative Cultural Trends in the 1970’s • Evangelicals • “Old Time Gospel Hour” • Jerry Falwell 5

Conservatism Triumphant: The 1980 Election • Moral Majority – Jerry Falwell 6

Map 30. 1: The Election of 1980 7

Enacting the Conservative Domestic Agenda • Recession • Budget Deficit • Economic Rebound • Sandra Day O’Connor • Robert Bork 8

Map 30. 2: Land Ownership in the West 9

The Cold War Heats Up • Strategic Defense Initiative • Osama bin Laden • DLC 10

Anti-Sandinista Contras 11

Map 30. 3: The United States in Latin America and the Caribbean 12

Figure 30. 2: The American Birthrate, 1960– 1991 13

Iran Contra Scandal and a Thaw in US-Soviet Relations • Iran-Contra Scandal – Beruit newspaper reported – 508 antitanks via Israel to Iran – 1985 – “Encourage moderate elements in Tehran to gain release of US hostages in Lebanon • Donald Regan resigned • Oliver North, White House aide had diverted money from sale to the Nicaraguan Contras • Poindexter admitted he had concealed this from President Reagan became the “Teflon President!” 14

Reagan and Gorbachev 15

Intermediate-range Nuclear Forces (INF) Treaty • December 1987 • Eliminated 2, 500 nuclear warheads from Europe • May 1989 Reagan’s visit to Moscow • Reagan had once called the Soviet Union the “EVIL EMPIRE. ” 16

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Conflict and Terrorism in the Middle East and Beyond Walzing with Bashir Intifada TWA Highjacking Flight 103 Lockerbie, Scotland 18

Domestic Drift and New World Order • George Herbert Walker Bush “It wouldn’t be prudent!” 19

1988: The Conservative Momentum Continues • “I want a kinder gentler nation. ” Dukakis/Bentsen Jesse Jackson George Herbert Walker Bush 20

Presidential Election of 1988 21

The Cold War Ends: Global Challenges Persist • July 1991 • Bush/ Gorbachev • Apartheid – Nelson Mandella • Tiananmen Square 22

The Persian Gulf War, 1991 • • • Iraq August 2, 1991 Invasion of Kuwait January 6, 1992 February 23, 1992 – Invasion of Iraq – “By God, we’ve kicked the Vietnam Syndrome once and for all. ” 23

Map 32. 1: The Mideast Crisis, 1980– 2000 24

Gulf War continued… 25

Trouble at Home: Economic Woes, Racial Tensions, Environmental Threats • Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990 • Savings and Loans collapse (1988 -1990) • Federal Deficit • Exxon Valdez • Justice Clarence Thomas • David Souter 26

1992: America’s Voters Choose New Course 27

1992 Election continued… • William Jefferson Clinton (Bill) • Albert Gore, Jr. (Al. ) • George Bush (lost) • Ross Perot 28

Domestic and Global Issues at Century’s End 29

Trade, Gay Rights, Health Care: Clinton’s Mixed Record • North American Free Trade Agreement • Hillary Rodham Clinton • Christian Coalition 30

Conservative Resurgence and Welfare Reform: 1994 -1996 • Newt Gingrich • Rush Limbaugh • Welfare Reform Act of 1996 31

A Pandora’s Box of Dangers in a Post-Cold War World • Air strikes in Bosnia • Serbia • Kosovo • Slobodan Milosevic • Vladimir Putin • North Korea 32

Terrorism: The War of the Future • US Embassy attacks • USS Cole • Osama bin Laden 33

Defining America’s Role and Global Changes • Globalization 34

Moderation, White House Scandal, and a Disputed Election, 1996 -2000 “I have never had sexual relations with that woman!” 35

Clinton Battles Big Tobacco and Woos Political Moderates 36

Media Field Day as Scandal Grips the White House • Paula Jones • Monica Lewinsky • Linda Tripp • • Kenneth Starr Impeachment Chief Justice William Rehnquist Newt Gingrich 37

2000: Divided Nation, Disputed Election • George W. Bush • Al Gore – Joseph Liberman • Ralph Nadar – Florida support ruined Gore • “Hanging Chads” 38

Economic and Cultural Trends at Century’s End 39

2000 Election 40

An Uneven Prosperity • IT • NASDAQ • America Online/Time-Warner 41

Figure 30. 1: Women in the Work Force, 1950– 1992 42

Unemployment Rate 43

America and the World Economy 44

Affluence and a Search for Heroes 45

AIDS Epidemic Rages On; Outbursts of Violence Stir Concern • HIV and AIDS Deaths • Columbine High School – “Do you believe in Jesus? ” • Oklahoma City Bombing 46

Culture Wars: A Broader View • Gays/Lesbians • Disney World Boycott • Day of Prayer 47

Chronology 1980 -2000 48

Conclusion 49