CHAPTER 28 The West in the Contemporary Era

CHAPTER 28 The West in the Contemporary Era: New Encounters and Transformations The West Encounters and Transformations Levack/Muir/Veldman/Maas Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Longman, Copyright 2007

Chapter 28: The West in the Contemporary Era: New Encounters and Transformations I. Economic Stagnation and Political Change: The 1970 s and 1980 s II. Revolution in the East III. In the Wake of the Revolution IV. Rethinking the West Levack et al. , The West: Encounters and Transformations Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Longman, Copyright 2007

Chapter 28: The West in the Contemporary Era: New Encounters and Transformations I. Economic Stagnation and Political Change: The 1970 s and 1980 s A. Détente Willy Brandt (1913 -1992) Chancellor of West Germany Social Democrat Ostpolitik Strategic Arms Limitation Talks (SALT), 1972 Nuclear arms freeze China Mao Zedong "Great Leap Forward" Industrialization Split with Soviet Union Richard Nixon (1913 -1994) Henry Kissinger (1923 - ) Oil Crisis Egypt and Syria attack Israel, 1973 Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC) Levack et al. , The West: Encounters and Transformations Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Longman, Copyright 2007

Chapter 28: The West in the Contemporary Era: New Encounters and Transformations I. Economic Stagnation and Political Change: The 1970 s and 1980 s B. The 1980 s New Conservatism Ronald Reagan (1911 -2004) Helmut Kohl (1930 - ) (B. The 1980 s) Environmentalism E. F. Schumacher (1911 -1977) Greenpeace Green parties Détente to Cold War Helsinki Accords, 1975 Opposition to NATO Missile policy West Germany Margaret Thatcher (1925 - ) Goals Attack welfare Privatization New Feminism Workforce Italy, 50%, 1970 -1985 France, 34%, by late 70 s Levack et al. , The West: Encounters and Transformations Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Longman, Copyright 2007

Chapter 28: The West in the Contemporary Era: New Encounters and Transformations II. Revolution in the East B. Mikhail Gorbachev A. Crisis of Legitimacy Soviet Union Yuri Androposv (1982 -1984) Economic Crisis Konstantin Chernenko (1984 -1985) Gorbachev, 1985 Poland Solidarity Lech Walesa (1943 - ) Wojciech Jaruzelski, Prime Minister Glasnost Chernobyl, 1986 Perestroika Elections, 1989 Martial law, 1981 In power, 1989 Punk Rock Cold War Intermediate Nuclear Forces Treaty, 1987 Environmental destruction Protests in Eastern Europe Levack et al. , The West: Encounters and Transformations Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Longman, Copyright 2007

Chapter 28: The West in the Contemporary Era: New Encounters and Transformations II. Revolution in the East C. Eastern Europe, Revolutions of 1989 Soviet Army withdraws by 1990 Hungary Westernized economy Open elections Other parties allowed, 1989 Poland Solidarity wins elections, 1989 Berlin Wall falls, November, 1989 Czechoslovakia Alexander Dubek returns Prime Minister, 1989 Václav Havel becomes president Levack et al. , The West: Encounters and Transformations Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Longman, Copyright 2007

Chapter 28: The West in the Contemporary Era: New Encounters and Transformations III. In the Wake of the Revolution A. The Former Soviet Union Economy "Russian Mafia" Chechnya Independence, 1991 Yeltsin and Putin wage war Levack et al. , The West: Encounters and Transformations Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Longman, Copyright 2007

Chapter 28: The West in the Contemporary Era: New Encounters and Transformations III. In the Wake of the Revolution B. Eastern Europe Ethnic hostilities Hungary Czechoslovakia Germany Guest workers Neo-Nazis Gerhard Schroeder (1944 - ) Yugoslavia Tito Federalism 6 republics Communism Death, 1980 Milosevic (1941 - ) Slobodan Croatia declares independence, 1991 Bosnia-Herzegovina Levack et al. , The West: Encounters and Transformations Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Longman, Copyright 2007

Chapter 28: The West in the Contemporary Era: New Encounters and Transformations III. In the Wake of the Revolution B. Eastern Europe Yugoslavia Tito Federalism 6 republics Communism Death, 1980 Slobodan Milosevic (1941 - ) Croatia declares independence, 1991 Bosnia-Herzegovina War, 1991 -1999 "Ethnic cleansing" Levack et al. , The West: Encounters and Transformations Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Longman, Copyright 2007

Chapter 28: The West in the Contemporary Era: New Encounters and Transformations IV. Rethinking the West A. European Union European Parliament First elections, 1979 Maastricht, 1991 > European Union Euro, 2002 Former Soviet Bloc 2004: Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania, Poland, Czech Republic, Slovakia, Slovenia, Hungary, Cyprus, Malta Levack et al. , The West: Encounters and Transformations Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Longman, Copyright 2007

Chapter 28: The West in the Contemporary Era: New Encounters and Transformations IV. Rethinking the West A. European Union European Parliament First elections, 1979 Maastricht, 1991 > European Union Euro, 2002 Former Soviet Bloc 2004: Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania, Poland, Czech Republic, Slovakia, Slovenia, Hungary, Cyprus Malta Levack et al. , The West: Encounters and Transformations Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Longman, Copyright 2007

Chapter 28: The West in the Contemporary Era: New Encounters and Transformations IV. Rethinking the West B. Euro-Islam Turkey excluded Terrorism Iran Ayatollah Khomeini (19011989) Levack et al. , The West: Encounters and Transformations Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Longman, Copyright 2007

Chapter 28: The West in the Contemporary Era: New Encounters and Transformations IV. Rethinking the West C. Postmodernism Jacques Derrida (1930 -2004) Roland Barthes (1915 -1980) Michel Foucault (1926 -1984) Jacques Lacan (1901 -1981) D. The Global Challenge Environmental crisis Kyoto, 2001 Levack et al. , The West: Encounters and Transformations Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Longman, Copyright 2007