
035f0e6aac92fdf89319fd967e9b1db7.ppt
- Количество слайдов: 53
Chapter 2 The Planting of English America, 1500– 1733
I. England’s Imperial Stirrings • 1500 s Feeble English colonial efforts • 1558 Elizabeth I, established Protestantism • Catholic Ireland sought Catholic Spain to eliminate English (Protestant) rule • Spain and England develop a rivalry
Table 2 -1 p 26
King Henry VIII
Queen ‘Bloody’ Mary I
Queen Elizabeth I p 25
II. Elizabeth Energizes England • 1570 s Francis Drake “sea dogs”. • English colonization – Newfoundland – Roanoke Island (NC) (1585) (‘The lost colony’) – Virginia • Most were ‘failures’ (non-profitable) • 1588 England defeats “Invincible Armada” – End of the Spanish imperial dreams – England to becoming masters of the oceans
Sir Walter Raleigh Roanoke Island Tobacco p 26
III. England on the Eve of Empire • Social and economic changes – “surplus population” – Enclosure movement – Geographic mobility – Primogeniture – Joint-stock company (1600 s)
OPEN FIELD SYSTEM
ENCLOSED FIELD SYSTEM
England’s ‘surplus population’
IV. England Plants the Jamestown Seedling • 1603 James I became king of England • The Virginia Company colonial charter • Charter gave settlers the rights of Englishmen • May, 1607 Jamestown, Va. was founded
Map 2 -1 p 27
V. Cultural Clashes in the Chesapeake First Anglo-Powhatan War (1614) War ends, Pocahontas/John Rolfe married Second Anglo-Powhatan War (1644) Indians try to dislodge the Virginians • Powhatan’s Confederacy defeated by… – Disease – Disorganization – Disposability • “The three Ds”
1646 Treaty Red Line, Colonial land Yellow Area, Native Land
Powhatan
Pocahontas (ca. 1595– 1617) p 28
John Rolfe (according to a Disney movi
VI. The Indians’ New World • Europeans disrupted Native American life – Horses – Diseases – Trade and Property issues – Religious and political challenges • Conflict and cooperation
Carolina Indian Woman And Child p 29
Carolina Indians (1730 s) p 30
VII. Virginia: Child of Tobacco • Virginia develops a prosperous tobacco culture – “bewitching weed” and “King Nicotine” • North American slavery starts (1619) • Self-government is born in Virginia (1619) – The House of Burgesses • James I revokes charter – Virginia became a royal colony. (1624)
p 31
FIRST VA. HOUSE OF BURGESSES
VIII. Maryland: Catholic Haven • 1634 Maryland founded by Lord Baltimore. • It was partly created as a refuge for Catholics. • Act of Toleration (1649) – Toleration to all Christians – Death to Jews and atheists • Those who denied the divinity of Jesus.
LORD BALTIMORE
Act of Toleration (1649)
IX. The West Indies 1655 England secures many West Indian islands • Sugar based economy • Enslaved Africans work plantations • Barbados slave code (1661) – Defined the slaves’ legal status • “chattel” (property) – Introduced to Carolina later
Sugar Plantation & Slaves
Slaves and Sugar Processing p 33
X. Colonizing the Carolinas • 1640 -60 s English Civil War • 1670 Carolina created – Rice based export colony – Slaves imported to grow rice (African crop) • Charles Town busiest seaport in the South
Table 2 -2 p 34
XI. The Emergence of North Carolina • “Squatters” arrive • Separated from South Carolina (1712) • North Carolina like Rhode Island – More democratic – More independent-minded – Less aristocratic • Elimination of Coastal Indian nations – 1711 -1713 Tuscarora War (NC) – 1715 -1716 Yamasee War (SC)
p 36
p 37
XII. Georgia: The Buffer Colony • 1733 Georgia colony founded as a buffer • From Spanish (FL) French (LA) • Settled by philanthropists (James Oglethorpe) • Settled by those imprisoned for debt. • Supported by British subsidies – Nicknamed "the Charity Colony” • Savannah was a melting-pot community – For all Christian religions
XIII. The Plantation Colonies • • Maryland Virginia N & S Carolina Georgia England’s southern mainland colonies shared • Devotion to agricultural products • Slavery • Growth of coastal export cities • Religious (Christian) toleration
Map 2 -2 p 35
p 39