Chapter 17 Section 3 Objectives • Explain how the cattle industry began. • Describe the life of a cowhand on the trail. • Discuss the myth of the Wild West. • Identify reasons for the end of the cattle boom. The Cattle Kingdom
Chapter 17 Section 3 Terms and People • open range – unfenced land • cattle drive – the herding and moving of cattle over long distances • vaquero – Spanish word for cowhand, or cowboy • cow town – settlement at the end of a cattle trail • cattle kingdom – region dominated by the cattle industry and its ranches, trails, and cow towns The Cattle Kingdom
Chapter 17 Section 3 Andy Adams – Cowhand who moved cattle along the trails. Joseph Mc. Coy – founded Abilene, Kansas where Chisholm Trail met the Kansas Pacific Railroad. He started the first cow town. William Cody – nickname Buffalo Bill. Buffalo hunter who started a traveling Wild West show. Annie Oakley – broke stereotype of dainty women by shooting as precise as a man. The Cattle Kingdom
Chapter 17 Section 3 What factors led to boom and bust in the cattle industry? With mining towns growing and railroad companies racing to build track, another boom swept across the West. the cattle boom The Cattle Kingdom
Chapter 17 Section 3 For years, herds of wild cattle roamed the open range of Texas. Beef was in demand in eastern cities and western boomtowns. But ranchers had no way to move the longhorns to distant markets. The Cattle Kingdom
17 Section 3 That changed, however, as railroads crossed the Plains. The Cattle Kingdom cattle Trains could take the cattle to market. All the ranchers had to do was get the cattle to the trains. cattle Chapter
Chapter 17 Section 3 Texas ranchers began to round up the cattle in the 1860 s. They hired skilled cowhands to move the herds north, along trails leading to rail lines. Some of the rail lines were as far away as 1, 000 miles, and the long cattle drives lasted two to three months. The Cattle Kingdom
Chapter 17 Section 3 Well-worn cattle trails led from Texas to rail lines in Wyoming, Nebraska, Kansas, and Missouri. Open Range was public domain – there were not farms or fences so that the cattle could graze freely. http: //player. discoverye ducation. com/views/hh_ http. View. cfm? guid. Asset. I d=A 00 DA 5 F 7 -4732 -4 A 28 -BE 60 -E 12 B 036663 CD The Cattle Kingdom
Chapter 17 Section 3 Cowhands on the trail could spend up to 18 hours a day leading herds across rivers, pulling cattle from swamps, fighting grass fires, or chasing off thieves. Lightning could cause a stampede, sending cattle in all directions. Yet despite the hard and dangerous work, cowhands earned less than $1 a day. Many were Mexican, African Americans and Civil War veterans. The Cattle Kingdom
Chapter 17 Section 3 Cowhands owed much to Spanish and Mexican vaqueros. • how to ride, rope, and brand • Mexican spurs and chaps • broad-brimmed hats • lassos The Cattle Kingdom
17 Section 3 Cattle drives ended at cow towns, where tired and hungry cowhands could find restaurants, hotels, dance halls, and saloons. https: //www. youtube. com/watch? v=Pa. HQ 2 vrt 0 ak Abilene, Kansas, was the first of many cow towns to spring up at the end of the cattle trails. Cow town cattle Chapter The Cattle Kingdom
Chapter 17 Section 3 The rough-and-tumble life in cow towns did much to promote the myth of the Wild West (what Easterners called it). Wild West • Place of gun fights, adventure, and opportunity • Reflected in shows by William “Buffalo Bill” Cody The Cattle Kingdom
Chapter 17 Section 3 Some of the myths of the Wild West are based on fact. Cowhands did help shape the West. Yet the real West was much more than the land of gunslingers portrayed in frontier shows. Real West • • • Ranchers Farmers Miners Pioneer families Native Americans The Cattle Kingdom
Chapter 17 Section 3 Ranchers in the cattle kingdom made huge profits during the boom years. Profits New breeds of cattle brought in even more money, and small ranches soon grew into huge cattle companies. The Cattle Kingdom
Chapter 17 Section 3 The cattle kingdom, however, would soon go from boom to bust. By the 1880 s, millions of cattle roamed the range, along with sheep— more animals than the land could support. Scorching summers and freezing winters The Cattle Kingdom At the same time, farmers began to fence their lands, preventing cattle from freely grazing. Ranchers now had to buy feed for their herds.
Chapter 17 Section 3 An economic depression made matters worse. https: //www. youtube. com/watch? v=XKC 5_F 3 wi. BE People struggling to find jobs in cities could no longer afford expensive beef. Demand for beef In time, the railroads expanded, moving closer to the ranches. The days of the long cattle drives were over. The cattle boom was over. The Cattle Kingdom
Chapter 17 Section 3 Section Review Quick. Take Quiz The Cattle Kingdom Know It, Show It Quiz
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