Ch 3 4 Roots of Judaism Mr

Ch 3. 4 – Roots of Judaism Mr. Phelps, Friday Sept 22 (Blue)/Monday Sept 25(Gold) 2017 Essential question: how do the 10 Commandments affect American values and legal system today?

10 Commandments • 1 I am the Lord thy God. You shall have no other gods before me. • 2 Thou shalt not make unto thee any graven image. • 3 You shall not take the name of the Lord your God in vain. • 4 Remember the Sabbath day, to keep it holy. • 5 Honor your father and your mother. • 6 Thou shalt not kill. • 7 Thou shalt not commit adultery. • 8 Thou shalt not steal. • 9 Thou shalt not bear false witness against your neighbor. • 10 Thou shalt not covet anything that is your neighbor's.

The Jewish homeland • Canaan = area between Jordan River and Mediterranean Sea • Strong neighbors: Assyrians + Babylonians east and Egypt to the west

Early history • The Torah as a source • Abraham = “father” of the Hebrew people • Covenant: God (Yahweh) protects Abraham and his descendants in exchange for their belief in God • Hebrews were monotheistic

More on the Jewish people • Egyptian enslavement • Moses led the Exodus • Celebrated in Passover

Moses delivers the tablets • Moses @ Mount Sinai – given 2 tablets w/ the 10 Commandments • New Covenant: Hebrews would follow the Commandments in exchange for God’s protection

10 Commandments • 1 I am the Lord thy God. You shall have no other gods before me. • 2 Thou shalt not make unto thee any graven image. • 3 You shall not take the name of the Lord your God in vain. • 4 Remember the Sabbath day, to keep it holy. • 5 Honor your father and your mother. • 6 Thou shalt not kill. • 7 Thou shalt not commit adultery. • 8 Thou shalt not steal. • 9 Thou shalt not bear false witness against your neighbor. • 10 Thou shalt not covet anything that is your neighbor's.

Kingdom of Israel • Circa 1000 BC – Israel created • King David united the 12 Israel tribes into 1 nation • His son Solomon becomes the next king in 962 BCE

King Solomon • Built impressive temple • Expensive building projects = high taxes and forced labor • Post Solomon = Israel breaks into 2 (Israel in North and Judah in South)

Conquest of Israel • 722 BCE - Israel conquered by Assyrians • 586 BCE – Babylonians conquer Jerusalem, Solomon's temple destroyed

The fate of the region • 539 BCE – Persians conquered Babylon, control Palestine • Jews no longer in captivity but lived under Persian rule • Eventually, Greeks and then Romans would rule Israeli

Traits of Judaism • Monotheistic • Believed they had a covenant with God • Torah – laid out several rules • Very patriarchal society

Jewish beliefs • Periodically, a prophet would appear • Preached strong codes of ethics • Unlike most ancient society, Jews saw leaders as fully human an bound to obey God’s law • Now: field trip to the Spiritual Center • HW: Make 3 review questions from Ch 3. 3 and 3 from 3. 4. Place in Review Question folder