Ch 20 Sec 3 -5 Life on the

Ch 20, Sec 3 -5 Life on the Home Front while the War continues in Europe and Asia

Japanese Americans Relocated • Attack at Pearl Harbor caused Japanese Americans to not be trusted • All Japanese Americans had to move from the West Coast to internment camps • Lasted from 1942 -1945

Rationing and victory gardens • Limited how much families could buy • Blue and red stamps to buy sugar, meat, oil, fats, coffee, etc • Make victory gardens for extra food • Scrap drives to help collect metals/fat for bombs and weapons

Allies find success • Summer of 1942 -1943, nightly bombings on Germany • Allies had total air control of Europe • Allies moved from North Africa into Italy – Italy surrendered in Sept, 1943 – Germany took over Northern Italy-cost Allies 300, 000 lives to defeat them

D-Day • June 6, 1944 • 130, 000 Allied troops attacked German troops at Normandy, France – Heavily fortified the coast against Allies plans – Attacked Utah, Omaha, Gold, Sword, and Juno beaches • Allies won pushing back the Germans

Pacific Campaign • Americans had to island hop to push back the Japanese – Very dangerous – Ships could not get close enough to deliver troops to the beaches-forced to swim in to fight • Needed islands for bombers to refuel and rearm

Retaking the Philippines: October 1944 • Gen. Mac. Arthur returned to take the islands with 160, 000 troops • Japanese tried to ambush the Allies but lost – Used Kamikaze attacks to sink ships • 80, 000 Japanese were killed/1, 000 surrendered

The end is near for Germany • Lost at the Battle of the Bulge – 100, 000 German troops killed by Dec 16, 1944 • Feb 1945, Russian troops 35 miles west of Berlin • March 1945, U. S. troops within 70 miles East of Berlin • April 30, 1945 -Hitler is dead • May 7, 1945 -German surrendered – Known as V-E Day (Victory in Europe)

Battle for Iwo Jima • U. S. needed the island for bombers to refuel • Island of volcanic ash and mountains • Feb 1945 -60, 000 Marines attacked – 6, 800 died • Japanese lost the island

End for Japan in 1945 • U. S. started firebombing Tokyo/other major cities • U. S. invaded Okinawa in April 1945 • Japan refused total and unconditional surrender

Atomic Bombs are used • August 6, 1945 -Anola Gay dropped the first atomic bomb on Hiroshima – 80, 000 -100, 000 people died • August 9, 1945 -a second bomb was dropped on Nagasaki • August 15, 1945: – V-J Day (Victory over Japan) – Japan surrendered

In-Class Activity • List 5 people that were involved in WW 2 on the home front and what their role was. • Example: Rosie the Riveter