Central Mine Planning Design Institute LTD —

Central Mine Planning & Design Institute LTD. - Frontiers of Knowledge 14 th August’ 09

Basics of Coal • Type of rock composed almost entirely of organic matter • Inhomogeneous Fossil fuel created from the remains of plants that lived and died about 100 to 400 million years ago. • Most abundant of fossil fuels • Non-renewable energy source because it takes millions of years to form. • Coal seams range in thickness from a fraction of an inch to hundreds of feet.

Coal Formation • Two coal origin theories – – Drift origin : • Plants and vegetation carried away by rivers and channels and deposited in basins. • Indian coals are of drift origin. • High in ash content. – In-situ origin : • Plants burried at the place of existence. • Low in ash content. • General process of coal formation (coalification) - Coal comes from dead plant matter falling into the swampy water. The weight of top layers of water and dirt packed down the lower layers of plant matter. Under heat and pressure, this plant matter underwent chemical and physical changes, pushing out oxygen and leaving rich hydrocarbon deposits.

Types of Coal • Based on stages of formation - – – Peat : 1 st stage of coalification, least carbon % Lignite : brown coal, soft, low energy density Bituminous : Highest energy density. Most abundant Anthracite (Hard coal) : Metamorphic, highest carbon %, less abundant • Based on Caking properties – Coking coal : • On heating swells and fuse to form hard and porous mass called coke which can provide concentrated heat and withstand some pressure. • Used extensively in metallurgical industry. – Non-coking coal : • Cols lacking caking properties • Used in Power, cement, fertilisers and heat intensive industries.

Coal : The primary source of energy in India • 55% share in commercial energy needs • 64% share in power generation • 70% share in steel making • 78% of coal consumed in power generation • Reserve -267 BT as on 01. 04. 2009 including proved reserve of 106 BT assessed by GSI • Our coal reserve is 10. 2% of world total, which stands reasonably good compared to 0. 8% for oil / natural gas • Compared to other sources of energy, coal has better availability, affordability, quality & price predictability Being a vital input for many infrastructural industries, coal plays a dominant role in sustaining economic growth of India

cti o n 492. 95 mts al Co . 80. 93 mts . 2008 -09 Systematic Mining Pr o du The Growth of Indian Coal Industry . 1973 Nationalisation of non-Coking coal mines 1972 Nationalisation of coking coal mines 1956 Setting up of NCDC a Govt. UT n o 1956 Takeover of SCCL mines by Govt. cti u 1947 Advent of Independence rod l P a 1946 Coal Production 30 mts. Co 6. 12 mts 1942 Coal Production 29 mts. 1920 Coal Production 18 mts. 1900 Coal Production 6. 12 mts. 1774 Start of Coal Mining in India

Coal Industry in India (2008 -09) Govt Companies Singareni Collieries Ltd 44. 54 mt Coal India Limited BCCL 28. 14 mt 25. 51 mt CCL 43. 24 mt IISCO NEC 403. 73 mt ECL 42. 84 mt 450. 11 mt WCL 44. 7 mt TISCO 1. 01 mt 1. 02 mt SECL Private NCL 101. 15 mt 63. 65 mt Others 7. 28 mt MCL NCL 96. 34 mt 35. 56 mt CMPDI Expl, Plng

Captive Producers in Indian Coal Sector Major Captive Producers Production TATA STEEL PANEM JSPL 7. 3 Mt 6. 2 Mt 6. 0 Mt JPL BECML ICML HIL SAIL (IISCO) 4. 9 Mt 4. 1 Mt 3. 0 Mt 2. 1 Mt 1. 0 Mt 9. 7 Mt Others (including Meghalaya ) Total (during 2008 -09) 44. 3 Mt

CIL YEAR (1975) ECL BCCL WCL SECL NCL MCL YEAR (1975) YEAR (1972) YEAR (1975) YEAR (1986) YEAR (1992) RI-I, RI-III, RI-IV, RI-VI, RI-VII, Asansol Dhanbad Ranchi Nagpur CMPDI YEAR (1975) Bilaspur Singrauli Bhubaneswar

COAL INDIA LTD – PROFILE • India is the 3 rd largest coal producing country after China and USA. Coal India • Contributes around 82% of coal production in India. • Single largest coal producing company in the world. • Employs over 410 thousand persons and is the largest corporate employer in the country. • One of the largest Companies in the country, turnover being Rs. 45797 crore in 2008 -09 • One of the largest tax payer in India. • Paid Dividend of Rs. 3330 crores to the Govt. of India in 2008 -09. • Paid about Rs. 7200 crs. towards royalty, cess, sales tax, Stowing Excise duty and Entry tax during 2008 -09.

CMPDI Ü Established in 1975 as a subsidiary of Coal India Ltd. as an in-house consultant to Coal India and its subsidiary companies Ü A Mini-Ratna Company providing consultancy services to various government & private organisations in the field of exploration & mine planning Ü An ISO 9001: 2000 company

CMPDI ORGANISATION IN INDIA Manpower (as on 1. 8. 2009) Executive : 804 Non-Executive : 2313 Total : 3117 No. of Drilling Camps : 19 No. of drill M/c : 55

CMPDI Services CMPDI provides its services to: § CIL & Subsidiaries § Outside-CIL Clients § Ministry of Coal & Govt. Agencies

CMPDI Services To CIL & Subsidiaries v Integrated exploration service - Drilling - Geophysical surveys - Hydrogeological studies - Geological reports, etc.

CMPDI Services v Master Planning of Coalfields v Preparation of prefeasibility reports, feasibility / project reports, advance action proposals and revised cost estimates for new mining projects v Annual operational plans for large opencast mines

CMPDI Services v Preparation of project reports and working drawings for coal washeries, coal handling plants and various infrastructure facilities

CMPDI Services • Preparation of EMPs (Environment Management Plans) and EIAs (Environment Impact Assessment)

CMPDI Services • Bid documents for CHPs (Coal Handling Plants), Workshops, Sub-stations and other infrastructural facilities • Annual assessment of mine capacity and HEMM/equipment performance for all mines of CIL • Technical services related to blasting, ventilation, support design, non-destructive testing, etc.

CMPDI Services • Laboratory testing services for coal characterisation, washability, air/water quality, physico-mechanical properties of rocks, etc. • Management services for ISO Certification • Energy audit / conservation studies

CMPDI Services To CIL & Subsidiaries … • Mining electronics and repair/testing of electronic components of equipment • Third-party inspection for quality checking of materials and random testing of explosives • CBM (Coalbed Methane) & UCG (Underground Coal Gasification) related services • Special Reports • Geomatics Services • Nodal agency for CIL R&D projects

CMPDI Services To Outside-CIL Clients • Similar services are being provided to companies outside CIL also and based on open market bidding or specific requisition for such services Major outside-CIL Clients • Directorate General of Hydrocarbons • Central Electricity Authority • Manganese Ore (India) Ltd. Reliance Power • RSMML Hutti Gold Mines Co. Ltd. Baitarni West Coal Company Ltd. • NTPC, etc. • SAIL • NLC • SCCL • TISCO • • •

CMPDI Services To Ministry of Coal/ Other Ministries • Promotional exploration, Integrated Coal Resource Information System (ICRIS) and detailed drilling for non. CIL blocks • Nodal agency for other Central Sector schemes, viz research projects under S&T scheme and Environmental Measures & Subsidence Control (EMSC) projects • Identification of captive mining blocks and related services • Technical Services including preparation of Special Reports • Preparation of data packages for Coal Bed Methane (CBM) blocks for Ministry of Petroleum & Natural Gas (Mo. P&NG)

Salient Achievements

Salient Achievements ü CMPDI, sinception, carried out § over 84 lakh metres of drilling in coal blocks spread in 8 states § prepared about 1500 Geological Reports for upgrading the coal resources of 85 BT to ‘Proved’ category. § planned about 950 Project Reports with individual project capacity planned upto 35 Mty. § prepared 431 Environment Management Plans. Environment clearance has been obtained for 307 projects. ü Growth in coal production from 89 MT in 1975 to 403. 73 MT in 2008 -09 supported by planning and design services from CMPDI. ü All the washeries (11 nos. ) after formation of Coal India have been planned by CMPDI.

Growth in Indian Coal Resources (Bt) Figure for 2009 indicates coal resources as on 1 st April of 2009. Note: CMPDI, sinception, prepared about 1500 GRs upgrading the coal resources of 85 BT to ‘Proved’ category

Growth in Indian Coal Resources (Bt) Figure in Billion Tonne As on 1. 4. 09 As on 1. 1. 76 30. 9 20. 7 32. 1 TOTAL COAL RESOURCES – 83. 7 BT PROVED INDICATED INFERRED 37. 9 (Inferred) 105. 8 (Proved) 123. 5 (Indicated) TOTAL COAL RESOURCES – 267. 2 BT § UPGRADATION OF 85 BT OF PROVED RESERVES IS MAINLY DUE TO CMPDI’S EFFORTS § ABOUT 2 BT OF COAL RESERVE IS UPGRADED TO PROVED CATEGORY EVERY YEAR DUE TO CMPDI’S EFFORTS

Growth in Exploratory Drilling (lakh m) Outsourcing: 1) 7. 29 lakh m - awarded in 2008 -09 2) 1. 0 lakh m per annum - Mo. U signed with MECL for 5 years

Growth of Coal Production in CIL Exploration, Planning and EMP preparation for all new projects has been done by CMPDI.

DEMAND SUPPLY GAP (Projected) (Million Tonnes) DEMAND/ SUPPLY/ GAP 68. 50 105. 00 NON COKING COAL 662. 60 1020. 00 731. 10 1125. 00 COKING COAL 27. 65 35. 00 NON COKING COAL 652. 35 1020. 00 TOTAL 680. 00 1055. 00 COKING COAL 40. 85 70. 00 NON COKING COAL 10. 25 - TOTAL GAP 16 -17 TOTAL AVAILABILITY 11 -12 COKING COAL DEMAND SECTOR 51. 10 70. 00 Source: Working Group on Coal & Lignite for XI Plan

Salient Achievements Sinception, planning for following mine infrastructure have been carried out: ü Coal Handling Facilities - Major – 80 Nos. (157 Mty) Minor – 129 Nos. (108 Mty) ü Sub-Station (>1 MVA) - ü Workshops Central Workshop – 7 Nos. Regional Workshop- 33 Nos. Project Workshop - 154 Nos 130 Nos. (1675 MVA)

Financial Performance Customer-wise Breakup of Sales 2008 -09 Turnover in Rs. crores for 2008 -09 CIL 264. 34 Mo. C 53. 19 Others 12. 29 Total 329. 82 Profit (before tax) 6. 74

Activity-wise Sales to CIL Subsidiaries 2008 -09

Breakup of expenditure 2008 -09

Financial Performance Customer-wise Breakup of Sales 2008 -09 Turnover in Rs. crores for 2008 -09 CIL 264. 34 Mo. C 53. 19 Others 12. 29 Total 329. 82 Profit (before tax) 6. 74

Activity-wise Sales to CIL Subsidiaries 2008 -09

Breakup of expenditure 2008 -09

Thrust Areas ü Enhancement of Exploration capacity of CMPDI ü Application of Remote Sensing: Land reclamation monitoring based on satellite data ü ICRIS ü Clean Development Mechanism Ø CBM/CMM/AMM ü R&D in Coal Sector

Enhancement of Exploration Capacity of CMPDI

Priorities of Exploration in XI Plan Ø Enhancement in drilling capacity through - expansion - outsourcing Ø Departmental drilling capacity of CMPDI to be enhanced from 2 to 4 Lakh metre per annum by the end of XI plan. Ø Efforts made to enhance total drilling capacity to 10 lakh metre/annum. Ø Matching enhancement in Geological, Geophysical & Laboratory Services.

Actions to Enhance Departmental Capacity • No. of drills increased from 47 to 55. • Supply Order for 3 more drills placed. • Capital of Rs. 106 cr approved for a) 23 hydro-static/non-coring drills etc. b) Expansion of Geophysical Exploration capacity • Global tendering for - High-tech coring drills (18) – Supply Order placed for 2 drills - Non-coring drills (5) – re-tendering done, bid submission in June ‘ 09 - Geophysical Loggers (2) - tender under finalization - Seismograph (1) – Installation & commissioning is in progress

Actions to Enhance Departmental Capacity • Actions initiated to recruit Geologists & Drilling Engineers, through open exam. & campus interview - 10 Geol. recruited (open examination) - 59 Geol. selected (campus interview) - 17 Geol. joined from CIL subsidiaries - 15 Engineers joined in drilling • Requirement of non-executives for addl. drills/lab. - 120 joined from CIL subsidiaries - 19 appointed by CMPDI.

Actions to Enhance Departmental Capacity (Labs(. ü State-of-the-art laboratories - Chemical - Petrography. ü Coal core generation by CMPDI - Around 40, 000 m. ü Coal core analysis by CMPDI - About 20% - Rest by CIMFR. ü Expansion of capacity - Approved by Board - Existing 7000 m - Expansion to 30, 000 m -HQ lab capacity to increase - Two new regional Labs - At RI-V, Bilaspur - At RI-VII, Bhubaneshwar

Application of Remote Sensing

q Satellite Based Surveillance for Land Reclamation Monitoring of all the Opencast Projects Of CIL (> 5. 0 MILLION Cu. M. Coal+OB)

Following 35 OC Projects of more than 5 Million Cu. M. (Coal+OB) p. a. were monitored during the year 2008 -09: Coal Company No. of Projects WCL 10 SECL 05 NCL 10 MCL 06 CCL 03 ECL 01 TOTAL 35

Result of Land Reclamation Monitoring Land reclamation status of 35 OC Projects monitored during the year 2008 -09 is as follows : Land Use Class Plantation Area (Sq. Kms. ) 104. 97 (49. 02%) (OB Dump, Backfilled area. Social Forestry) Backfilled Area 52. 29 (24. 43%) (Without Plantation) Active Mining Area 56. 86 (26. 55%)

Company wise Land reclamation status in OC projects ( >5 million Cu. m. Coal +OB ) based on satellite data of year 2008 -09 Sl. No. Coal Company (No. of OC Projects) Area in Sq. Km. (% calculated in respect of total mined out area) Leasehold Plantation Backfilled (i) (iii) Active Mining Area (iv) Total Mined Total Reclaimed out Area (ii+iv) (ii+ iii) 1 WCL (10) 71. 74 17. 18 (41. 12) 15. 66 (37. 47) 8. 94 (21. 40) 41. 78 32. 84 (78. 59) 2 SECL (5) 91. 78 13. 72 (38. 91) 8. 26 (23. 43) 13. 28 (37. 66) 35. 26 21. 98 (61. 09) 3 NCL (10) 191. 09 61. 06 (59. 10) 21. 40 (20. 71) 20. 86 (20. 19) 103. 32 82. 46 (79. 81) 4 MCL (6) 43. 77 4. 61 (27. 24) 4. 34 (25. 65) 7. 98 (47. 11) 16. 93 8. 95 (52. 89) 5 CCL (3) 21. 12 6. 91 (56. 04) 2. 12 (17. 19) 3. 30 (26. 76) 12. 33 9. 03 (73. 23) 6 ECL (1) 16. 38 1. 49 (33. 11) 0. 51 (11. 33) 2. 50 (55. 55) 4. 50 2. 00 (44. 44) 435. 88 104. 97 (49. 02) 52. 29 (24. 42) 56. 86 (26. 55) 214. 12 157. 26 (73. 44) Total : 35

Salient Findings q In Ashoka OCP, land reclamation has increased from 6. 25 sq. km (2006) to 6. 91 sq. km (2008) q In Gevra and Dipka OCP, plantation increased from 2. 99 sq. km(2003) to 7. 80 sq. km(2008) q In Singrauli Coalfield, area of plantation has increased from 55. 49 sq. km(2007) to 61. 06 sq. km(2008) q In Wardha Valley Coalfield, area of plantation has increased from 11. 48 sq. km(2005) to 14. 05 sq. km(2008)

Land Reclamation Monitoring Programme for the year 2009 -10 Following 49 OC Projects will be monitored during 2009 -10 Coal Company No. of Projects WCL 10 SECL 09 NCL 10 MCL 11 CCL 05 BCCL 02 ECL 02 TOTAL 49

§ Status of Vegetation Cover in Singrauli Coalfield based on Satellite Data of the year 2000, 2005 & 2008

GETATION COVER MAP OF SINGRAULI CF BASED ON IRS-1 D/L-3 DATA OF 2

Application of New technology in Remote Sensing • Application of Li. DAR Technology for OB Volume Measurement Methodology for OB measurement using Li. DAR has been established by CMPDI in Collaboration with NRSC, Hyderabad under CIL R&D Project. • Digital Photogrammetry for Terrain Modelling Based on high resolution 3 D satellite and airborne data, digital Terrain model of the mining projects will be developed for land restoration • Centre Line Alignment in the Warships of Indian Navy using Gyromat 3000. • Selection of potential TPS sites in the States of Madhya Pradesh and Haryana using Remote Sensing & GIS for Mo. P, Government of India.

Application of New technology in Remote Sensing • Updation of Topographical Maps of 28 major Indian Coalfields based on High Resolution Arial Photography and ALTM data on 1: 5000 scale with 2 m contour interval in collaboration with Survey of India (So. I), funded by CIL. ▪ Total cost of the project is Rs. 117. 26 crores. ▪ Project Completion Schedule – 5 years. ▪ Mo. U between Survey of India (So. I) & CMPDI signed on 14 th July’ 09.

ICRIS

ICRIS PROJECT • CMPDI has taken up a project titled “Integrated Coal Resources Information System (ICRIS)”, funded by Mo. C. • Project objective is to capture all the coal related data of India in a Database so that required information (Map as well as Textual) regarding coal can be retrieved through Internet.

THE UNFC SCHEME

UNFC Type Codification of Indian Coal Resources ECONOMI C AXIS FEASIBILITY AXIS (E) (F) GEOLOGICAL AXIS (G) Proved(1) Indicated(2 Inferred(3) ) PR Available (1) Sub- 113 Pre-feasibility study (2) 121 122 123 131 132 133 PR Available (1) 211 212 213 Pre-feasibility study (2) 221 222 223 PR not available (3) Marginally Economical (2) 112 PR not available (3) Economical (1) 111 232 233 PR Available (1) 311 312 313

Clean Development Mechanism -CBM/CMM/AMM

Implementation of CBM Projects: CMPDI’s Endeavour v CMPDI is implementing Demonstration as well as Commercial projects for CBM development: ü UNDP/GEF/Go. I funded Demonstration project ü Commercial projects in 2 blocks

CBM: A coal based alternate energy resource With advancement of technology, CBM has proved itself as an important coal based alternate energy resource Ø Methane trapped in coal beds(CBM) is an important additional clean energy resource, akin to Natural Gas. Ø Sub-sets of Coalbed Methane are: ü Virgin CBM: Recovery of methane from deep-seated coal deposits. ü CMM & AMM: Recovery of methane during and after mining. ü VAM: Recovery of methane from ventilation air of mine.

Development of coalbed methane: CMPDI’s Initiatives v CMPDI is pursuing development of CBM through: • • Resource assessment Implementation of Projects v Resource assessment • CBM Resource: 3. 4 TCM (Prognosticated) • Generating CBM related data under Promotional Regional Exploration (PRE) programme of Mo. C for enlarging resource base • CBM has potential to contribute significantly towards energy security of the country.

Development of coalbed methane: CMPDI’s Initiatives v Resource assessment … • Data dossiers for most of the 26 prospective CBM blocks prepared which were allotted by DGH for commercial development in 3 rounds of Global Bidding. • CBM resource in allotted CBM block: 1. 4 TCM • Production potential: 38 Million Cubic Meter per day, which can support power generation of 6700 MW. • CMPDI has submitted Data Dossiers of 8 more blocks for allotment through 4 th Round of Global Bidding announced recently. Details of allotment of CBM Blocks for Commercial Development

Development of Coal Based Alternate Energy Resource: CMPDI’s Endeavour Hydro Frac Unit at Moonidih Flare of Methane at Moonidih S R Pump at Moonidih Gas Based Generator at Moonidih

GAS BASED GENETRATORS INSTALLED AT MOONIDIH

GAS CONTROLLED UNIT INSTALLED AT MOONIDIH

R&D in Coal Sector Ø R&D activities were initiated after formation of “Coal Science Technology Plan” by Go. I in 1975 Ø S&T Programme is being administered through an Apex Committee– SSRC (Standing Scientific Research Committee) headed by Secretary (Coal). Ø SSRC is assisted by a Technical Sub-committee Ø In 1997 -98 CIL has started an in-house R&D headed by Chairman CIL. Ø CIL R&D assisted by Apex Committee of CIL R&D Board Ø CMPDI is the nodal agency for coordinating and monitoring all R&D activities funded by Mo. C and CIL R&D Board. Ø The Research projects are being implemented by academic/ scientific Institutes in association with coal / lignite producing companies.

Research Projects Completed q Micro-seismic monitoring for strata behavior during longwall mining operations - by NIRM, Kolar (completed in 2004). q Development of instrument for coal mine stability monitoring – NIRM Kolar (completed in 1994). q Spontaneous heating in coal pillars by CIMFR and ISMU. (completed in 2005) q Advance detection of fires in coal mines by Andhra University. (Completed in 2008). q Development of an experimental subterranean robot (SR) for feasibility study of robotic application in underground coal mines by CMERI, Durgapur (Completed in 2008). q Development of room temperature sensors for methane using

Research Projects completed q Application of high pressure water injection for hard roof management at Churcha West Colliery, SECL - by CIMFR & SECL (completed in 2008). q Application of Ground Penetrating Radar (GPR) - by NIRM, Kolar (completed in 2003). q Cable bolting for extraction of thick coal seams (5 m to 8 m) - by CIMFR & SECL (completed in 1995). q Development of different types of steel props/ Chocks- by RDCIS/CMPDI & ECL (completed in 2004). q Development of Micro-processor based controller for coal haulersby NIRM & SECL, Singareni (completed in 2002).

Research Projects completed q Study on the effect of delay timing, total charge and direction of initiation on blast induced ground vibration - by CIMFR (completed in 2005). q Response of structures and damage of structures caused by ground vibration from opencast mine blasting - by CMPDI q Standardization of blast vibration damage threshold for the residential structures in mining areas - by CIMFR, CMPDI & ECL (completed in 2006). q Effect of production blasts on ground water and geo-technical properties on pit wall and dump stability in open pit coal mines - by CIMFR (completed in 2007). q A study on effect of underground blasting on surface structures visà-vis standardization of blast vibration damage threshold - by CIMFR (completed in 2008)

Research Projects completed q Study into extent of abutment loading trend and design of advance support during pillar extraction by stowing in a coal mines- by NIRM & SCCL, Singareni (completed in 2007). q Development of support guidelines for depillaring panels in Indian coal mines- by CIMFR (completed in 2007). q Model studies on the efficiency of gravity blind back filling method and evaluation of a pre-jamming indication parametersby IIT, Kharagpur (completed in 2007).

Research Projects ongoing q Development of imminent roof fall prediction in U/G mine using Wireless Network (on-going project being implemented by IIT Kharagpur q Study of parting between coal pillars workings in level contiguous seams during depillaring by CIMFR q Delineation of barrier thickness against water logged workings in underground coal mines by CIMFR q High resolution seismic monitoring for early detection of slope failures in opencast mines by Anna Univ. q Investigation of cavability of overlying strata and development of guidelines of support capacity for longwall faces by CIMFR, ISM, NIRM & CMPDI q Development of micro-seismic monitoring system for stability analysis of U/G mine workings under “Difficult to Cave” roof conditions by CIMFR & ECL

Major Thrust Areas of Coal Research 1. Development of Mobile Goaf Edge Supports for depillaring operations in underground mines 2. Hard roof management by use of slow acting expansion cement/ chemicals for inducing caving 3. Introduction of water jet cutting technology in coal mines of seams of fire 4. Wind power generation using mine fan exhaust air 5. Mapping of U/G old unapproachable abandoned workings 6. Development of software for prediction of air quality in coal mining areas in India 7. In-situ gasification of Indian coal 8. Development of communication system to locate trapped miners in cases of unforeseen incidents in underground mines

Major Thrust Areas of Coal Research 10. Development of suitable mining methods for extraction of thick/ and steep coal seams 11. To study and workout safe limits for standing goaf area 12. Studies on dump and highwall stabilities in opencast mines 13. Liquefaction of coal 14. Support system for weak/clay roof strata 15. Simultaneous blasting of OB and Coal 16. Development of Zero emission coal combustion technologies 17. Method of mining for deep seated seams under built up areas 18. Method of working for multi seam working 19. Development of predictive models for air pollution

Specialised Services ü Strata Control – Rock Mass Rating (RMR) and Subsidence Prediction ü Non-Destructive Testing (NDT) ü Illumination Survey ü Ventilation and Gas Surveys ü Controlled Blasting ü Man-Riding System ü Rapid Magnetic Survey for location of Machinery, etc. ü Slope Stability ü Correlation Survey in Underground mines

Strata Control – Rock Mass Rating (RMR)

Design of Support System for B&P Development Working: q – RMR based support system as recommended by Paul Committee is being followed by CMPDI – CMPDI has carried out studies for about 700 districts for bord and pillar development. Depillaring : q – – q Rock Mass Quality (Q) of Barton’s NGI classifications is being followed. Rock load is calculated for goaf edge, slices, splits and junctions. Support design for 50 depillaring districts have been carried out by CMPDI till date

Cavability Index • Management of caving conditions – Hard roof is predominant in Indian coal mines which always poses a danger during caving in goaf. – One of the difficult problem in PSLW workings – Cavability Index based on CMRI formula (New) has been carried out for 10 mines by CMPDI.

Strata Control – Subsidence Prediction

Subsidence Prediction at CMPDI Prediction Need : Stability of important surface & subsurface structures and geological features during mining & post mining period Methodology : • Subsidence Prediction is done by ‘Influence Function’ Method • A Computer based numerical modelling software has been developed for the computation work

Subsidence Prediction Outputs • Numerical Out puts: maximum subsidence, maximum tensile strain, final ground slope • Graphical Out puts : 3 -D surface contours before & after mining, X-sections showing change of surface profile • Development of subsidence with progress of mining- Panel wise & seam wise

3 D View of surface before and after Mining

Lines of maximum surface tensile strain

End Use of Subsidence Prediction • Routine Use: - EMP clearance of new mining projects • Need based Use: -Clearance of extraction methods from subsidence angle -Perfecting extraction plan to regulate subsidence -Stability of sub-surface permanent installations • Credibility -Subsidence predictions have been done for about 50 underground mines in last 10 years

Non-Destructive Testing (NDT)

Non-Destructive Testing (NDT) Testing Techniqus being used include the following: 1. Magnetic Particle Flaw Detection 2. Ultrasonic Flaw Detection 3. Thickness Measurement (Ultrasonic) q CMPDI has a pool of 4 ASNT Level II certified engineers in Ultrasonic Testing & Magnetic Particle Testing

EQUIPMENT TESTED: § U/G EQUIPMENT ü CAGE SUSPENSION GEAR COMPONENTS ü WINDER COMPONENTS ü HEAD GEAR COMPONENTS ü POWERED ROOF SUPPORT COMPONENTS ü HIGH PRESSURE WATER PIPELINES § OCP EQUIPMENT ü SHOVEL COMPONENTS ü DRAGLINE COMPONENTS ü REAR DUMPER COMPONENTS § CHP STRUCTURES AND COLUMNS

NDT Jobs done during 2008 -09 • HEMM Shovels Draglines 27 Nos. 5 Nos. • UG COMPONENTS Winders Cage Suspension • CHP 22 Nos. ( 8 in MOIL Mines) 29 Sets. (15 in MOIL Mines) 5 Nos. • FABICATED PONTOON 1 No. (NEW) for CCL

ILLUMINATION SURVEY IN MINES

SERVICES RENDERED • Identification of strategic location for lighting of different areas • Study of existing illumination system in the quarry area, • Preparation of scheme for improvement of illumination system of the main work areas / places where level of illumination is insufficient or does not exists, • Designing proper level of illumination as per stipulations laid by DGMS • Design of power supply for illumination system including estimation of length of overhead conductor, lighting transformers, switchgears etc.

CMPDI has conducted Illumination Survey for the following mines during last two years: • • • Kakri OCP, NCL Dudhichua OCP, NCL Bina OCP, NCL Amlohri OCP, NCL Jayant OCP, NCL Nigahi OCP, NCL Jhingurda OCP, NCL Gevra OCP, SECL Kusmunda OCP, SECL Block-B OCP, BCCL

Ventilation and Gas Surveys

Ventilation and Gas Surveys • CMPDI carries out Ventilation Studies for 8 -10 mines per year • CMPDI also carries out Gas Survey for characterisation of coal seams • Successful implementation of CMPDI’s recommendations in mines has resulted in üImprovement in UG Mine Environment üImprovement in Safety & Productivity üReduction in Energy Consumption

Ventilation Studies done in 2008 -09 for: • SARPI, ECL • J K NAGAR, ECL • CHORA 10 PIT, ECL • LOWER KENDA, ECL • NANDIRA, MCL • BALLARPUR 3&4 PITS, WCL • SASTI, WCL • CHURCHA, SECL • CHURCHA WEST, SECL

Controlled Blasting

Controlled Blasting & Other Studies • Controlled Blasting and Vibration study – CMPDI has completed more than 300 nos. of study till date – Mine working approached within 300 m and upto 100 m from the nearby hutments, structures, roadways, railways etc. resulting more extraction of coal • Random Sampling, testing and analysis of explosive and its accessories

Controlled Blasting & Other Studies • Fragmentation Improvement study - To get the desired fragment size suitable for HEMM being used • Blasting in Hot Strata - studies were undertaken successfully over mine workings having fires • Performance evaluation of new explosive product in CIL mines - CMPDI is carrying out performance evaluation of new explosive product as compared to existing product • Vibration study at CHPs - Mechanical vibration measurement for stability of CHP and beneficiation plans of different projects of CIL for calculation of dynamics stress analysis

Controlled Blasting & Other Studies • Intricate Blasting Problems - Assimilation and application of new technology, blast side casting, induced caving for caving roof in longwall panel, reduction of barrier pillars etc are carried out from time to time • Structural demolition - Dangerous structures like chimney specially in the coalfield areas are brought down with the specialized blast design so as to protect the inhabitants/ structures nearby. • Introduction of SME explosive - Introduction of SME explosive for safe usage are being carried out frequently • Re-assessment of Bench-Mark Powder Factor of CIL mines – In order to re-assess Powder Factor of a particular mine, this study is being carried out as & when required.

Man Riding System

Recommendations of Conference on Safety in Mines • In the 8 th Conference on Safety in Mines the following recommendation was made for transportation of men in underground mines: “In mines where long and arduous travel is involved, arrangement for transportation of men should be made. ” • Subsequently in 9 th & 10 th Conference on Safety in Mines this recommendation was endorsed for implementation.

Mines Operating CMPDI planned Man Riding Systems • CHINAKURI MINE NO. 3, ECL - CHAIRLIFT SYSTEM • RAIL BASED SYSTEM • TANDSI, WCL CHURCHA WEST, SECL - • BEHERABAND, SECL - CHAIRLIFT SYSTEM • HIRAHKAND BUNDIA, MCL CHAIRLIFT SYSTEM • HRC, MCL CHAIRLIFT SYSTEM - RAIL BASED SYSTEM

Mines where CMPDI has planned for Man Riding System • ORIENT MINE NO. 2, MCL RAIL BASED SYSTEM • ORIENT MINE NO. 3, MCL CHAIRLIFT SYSTEM • ORIENT MINE NO. 4, MCL CHAIRLIFT SYSTEM • SINGHALI, SECL CHAIRLIFT SYSTEM • SURAKHACHAR 3 & 4, SECL CHAIRLIFT SYSTEM • KAPILDHARA, SECL CHAIRLIFT SYSTEM • BAGDEVA, SECL CHAIRLIFT SYSTEM • SHEETALDHARA-KURJA, SECL CHAIRLIFT SYSTEM • SHIVANI, SECL CHAIRLIFT SYSTEM • RAJENDRA, SECL CHAIRLIFT SYSTEM • PIPARIA, SECL CHAIRLIFT SYSTEM • CHURI, CCL CHAIRLIFT SYSTEM • MOONIDIH RAIL BASED SYSTEM

Mines where CMPDI is planning for Man Riding System • JHANJRA, ECL • DHEMO MAIN, ECL • SHYAMPUR B COLLIERY, ECL • RAJGAMAR 6 & 7, SECL

Rapid Magnetic Survey for location of Machinery, etc.

Rapid Magnetic Survey for location of Machinery, etc. • Rapid Magnetic Survey was used for locating entrapped men and machines after dump failure at – – Jayant mine of NCL (on 17. 12. 08) and – Sasti OCP, WCL (on 4 th June 2009)

RAPID MAGNETIC SURVEY FOR LOCATION OF BURIED POCLAIN MACHINE AT SASTI OCP WARDHA VALLEY COALFIELD DISTRICT CHANDRAPUR (MAHARASHTRA)

MAGNETIC SURVEY PLOT OVER ALL THE THREE PROFILES FOR LOCATION OF PC AT SASTI OC, BALLARPUR AREA WCL.

CONTOURS OF TOTAL MAGNETIC FIELD , SASTI OCP, BALLARPUR AREA, WCL.

THE EXCAVATED PC MACHINE.

Slope Stability

Slope Stability • Mo. EF in TORs desires study of OB dumps on slope stability. • Slope Stability Cell has been created to facilitate the detailed study on slope stability and design of high wall. • To give the design of the proposed OB dump and high wall in the EMP as per Mo. EF requirement for environmental clearance.

Work Done by CMPDI on Slope Stability Analysis Sl no. Project Company Period Type of analysis 1 Sonpur Bazari ECL Oct, 03 -Dec, 05 Dump 2 Kolgaon OCP WCL Sep, 05 -Oct, 05 Dump 3 Gevra OCP SECL Dec, 05 -May, 06 Dump 4 Manikpur OCP SECL Mar, 06 -Aug, 06 Dump 5 Durgapur OCP WCL Mar, 07 -Aug, 07 High wall 6 Jayant OCP NCL Jun, 06 -Sep, 06 Dump 7 Sasti OCP WCL - Dump 8 Duptala OCP WCL - Dump 9 Umrer OCP WCL - Dump 10 Kalinga OCP MCL - Dump

Correlation Survey in Underground Coal Mine

Correlation survey by CMPDI • CMPDI has conducted more than 100 correlation survey using suspended plumb wire & Leica make. GAK-1 Gyroscope having angular accuracy of 20 seconds. • This method is also tedious & time consuming and its accuracy depends upon manual observation of Gyroscope reading on oscillating plumb wire. • However, fully automated Gyroscopic method are less tedious, more rapid and also ensures more accuracy.

Improved method introduced by CMPDI

Thank you