CASTE VALIDITY VARNA SYSTEM IN INDIA Bramhan Kshatriya

CASTE VALIDITY VARNA SYSTEM IN INDIA Bramhan Kshatriya Vaisha Shudra Panchaw

MAHARASHTRA Religion and Population (2001) Group Total Population Hindu 7, 78, 59, 385 Muslim 1, 02, 70, 485 Buddhist 58, 38, 710 Jain 13, 01, 843 Christian 10, 58, 313 Sikh 2, 15, 337

RELIGIOUS SECT. The Nath Sect. Virshaiva or Lingayat sect. Datta Sect. Mahanubhav Sect. Varkari Sect. Samartha Sect.

CASTEWISE CENSUS OF 1931 (by T. J. Jutton) CENSUS OF INDIA MAJOR CASTE AND IT’S POPULATION (Includes Western Maharashtra Vidarbha and Marathwada ) ( More than 1. 00 lakh only ) Sr. No. Caste Population 1 Brahman 7, 81, 448 2 Rajput 2, 59, 750 3 Vani Marwadi 3, 30, 514 4 Agri 2, 58, 605 5 Maratha 53, 13, 872 6 Kunbi 23, 98, 158 7 Mali 7, 30, 799 8 Dhangar / Hatkar 4, 31, 035 9 Bhoi 2, 44, 189 10 Koli 3, 25, 234

Sr. No. Caste Population 11 Vanjari 2, 13, 040 12 Yadav 1, 80, 682 13 Gowari 1, 28, 215 14 Teli 4, 46, 022 15 Khoshti 1, 88, 947 16 Nhavi - Hajam 1, 91, 546 17 Lingayat 2, 15, 144 18 Kumbhar 1, 57, 244 19 Sonar 2, 25, 120 20 Shimpi- Darji 1, 17, 048

Sr. No. Caste Population 21 Sutar 1, 59, 481 22 Lohar 1, 20, 457 23 Dhobi- Parit 1, 31, 043 24 Mahar- Holiya 13, 62, 003 25 Mang- Madiya 5, 35, 557 26 Chambhar- Mochi 2, 65, 924 27 Dhor, Bhangi, Mehetar 50, 000

CLASSIFICATION OF BACKWARD CLASSES First made in Bombay Primary Education Rules 1924. In 1928 Government appointed a Committee under the Chairmanship of Mr. O. H. B. State. This Committee consisted 10 members including Dr. Babasaheb Ambedkar, (then M. L. C. ) Shri. Thakkar Bappa, Shri Antrolikar amongst them. The Committee had submitted it report in 1930, and published in July 1930.

Mr. Starte Committee recommended 3 main classification i) iii) Advanced Inter mediate and Backward iv) a) b) c) Backward was divided in to three Depressed Classes Aboriginal and Hill tribes Other Backward Class. d) Thus, first list was published in 29 May 1933.

Prior to Mr. Starte Committee The Gazzette of Karvir ( Kolhapur ) State 26 th July 1902. “ His highness is pleased to direct that from the date of this order 50% of the vacancies shall be filled by recruits from among the backward classes” The backward classes shall be understood to mean all castes other than Brahmins, Prabhus, Shenwis, Parsees and other advance classes. By. Order of His Highness the Chhatrapati Maharaj (K. N. Pandit ) Acting Diwan

JOURNEY OF LIST Sr. No. G. R. No. Classification 1. Govt. of Bombay 29 May 1933 Schedule 1 Depressed classes 47 Govt. of Bombay Schedule A Intermediate 228 S. C. 49 Schedule Caste 36 Schedule Tribe 24 2. 3. 4. Govt. of Bombay Govt. of Maharashtra 26 May 2006 S. C. S. T. V. J 59 48 14 Total Schedule 2 Aboriginal & Hill tribe 29 N. T. 37 Schedule 3 O. B. C. 125 Schedule B A & H. T. OBC 29 130 OBC 341 OBC 160 SBC 05 201 436 220 554

CRITERIA FOR DECLARING ANY COMMUNITY 1 Scheduled Caste Exterme Social, Educational and Economic backwardness arising out of the traditional practice of untouchables. 2 Scheduled Tribe Primitive traits, distinctive culture, geographical isolation, shyness of contact. 3 Vimukta Jatis Which were included in criminal tribes Act 1897 and 1924. 4 Nomadic Tribes Wandering from place to place. 5 O. B. C. Educationally economical backward and low social position in caste hierarchy. 6 S. B. C. Difficult to give S. T. status Govari stampede.

NATIONAL LEVEL COMMISSION FOR OBC 1. First Commission for OBC was set up by Govt. of India under the Chairmanship of Kaka Kalelkar. 2. This Commission submitted its report on March 3, 1955, with five members recorded notes of dissent, and three opposing linking caste with reservation. 3. This report was not implemented. 4. Memorandums of Action taken on the report laid in parliament. 5. However, in Maharashtra some states reservation to OBC was implemented.

In 1978, Mandal Commission was set up by Government of India. Shri. B. P. Mandal was the chairman of the Commission submitted its report in 1980. After acceptance of the report some petitions were admitted in the Supreme Court. W. P. No. 930/90 India Sahani v/s Govt. of India and others. On 16 November 1992, Hon. ble Supreme Court has issued directions. As per directions Prof. Mutatkar Committee was set up in 1993. In 1995 regular State Commission for Backward Class was set up in Maharashtra and in other States. At Government of India level National Backward Classes Commision was set up. Justice Khatri (Rtd. High Court Judge) was the Chairman of State Commission alongwith 5 members.

CASTE CERTIFICATES & VALIDITY • Castes Certificates are issued by the Deputy Collector / SDO and not below of this rank. • In Maharashtra for Social and Tribal Welfare there was a State level Committee. • Then there was a separate Committee and each for Social and Tribal Welfare. • For Social Welfare Six Committees were established division wise. • At present there are 15 Committees working for SC, OBC, VJNT & SBC caste verifications. • The process of issue of CVC has taken a tremendous speed due to online submission and proper coordination.

CASTE VERIFICATION AND SCRUTINY • Special leave Petition (Civil) No. 14767 of 1993 and Civil Appeal No. 5854 of 1994, Madhuri Patil V/s Additional Tribal Commissioner, Thane and Others in Supreme Court. • The Hon. ble Supreme Court has given the detailed procedure to be followed. • In Para 13 of the judgment the Hon. ble Supreme Court has stated 15 items to be considered.

Continue 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. Social Status Certificate to be issued not below the rank of Deputy Collector. Required document submission on affidavit Application to be submitted six months in advance of admission in College. State Government shall constitute a Committee Each Committee should have a vigilance cell. Hearing of candidate for claims

Continue 7. If report is true Social Status Certificate to be issued. 8. Notice to the parents of minor. 9. Enquiry should be completed expeditiously 10. If delayed, provisional admission can be given. 11. Order passed by the Committee shall be final and subject to the proceedings under Article 226 of the Constitution. 12. No suit or other proceedings before any other authority should lie. 13. The Hon. ble High Court would dispose of these cases as expeditiously as possible.

Continue 14. If found false provisions of prosecution. It involves moral turpitude. 15. If certificate is false, it should be communicated to the educational institution and concerned establishment.

PROBLEMATIC TO DECIDE • • • Burud - Sr. No. 8 SC Bedar – Sr. No. 10 SC Bedajangam – Sr. No. 9 SC Budgajangam – Sr. No. 9 SC Jangam – OBC 18 Mala Jangam – SC 4 Lingder- SC 34 Lingayat – Open Bhamta – VJ 3 Bhamti – VJ – 3

Continue • Bhamta, Bhantichor, Pardesh – OBC 220 • Rajput Bhamta, Pardeshi Bhamti – VJ 10. • Dhanwar – NT 29 • Dhanwar – ST • Mulsim Castes • Newly added Castes • Modi Language • Migration cases’ • Conversion cases.

Notable Court Judgments • Pushpkant Mhatre V/s Mandakini Mhatre (Wadwal- Mali). • Kantabai Ingole V/s Rathod • Prakash Patil V/s Bulbule • Tilwankar V/s Khadekar • Jagannath Hole V/s State.

References 1. Gazetteers Department Government of Maharashtra. 2. Maharashtra Land its people 3. Census of India 1931 4. Caste in India – J. H. Hutton 5. The First Farmers of the Deccan- M K Dhavalikar. 6. Dr. Iravati Karve – Maharashtra

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Old Record & Libraries 1. Department of Archives a) Mumbai, (b) Pune ( c) Aurangabad (d) Nagpur (e) Jabalpur (f) Hyderabad 2. Libraries : a) All Government District Libraries (b) Asiatic Society, Mumbai (c ) Gokhale Institute of Politics and Economic, Pune (d) Bhandarkar Oriental Research Institute (e) V K Rajwade Library, Dhule.

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