Capítulo 3 A El imperativo formal Polite Formal

Capítulo 3 A El imperativo formal Polite (Formal) Commands

To form the polite or formal singular command simply follow 2 steps: 1. Take the 1 st person singular form of the present tense. And then….

2. Then drop the “o” and replace it with the opposite vowel. -ar verbs take the vowel –e -er verbs take the vowel –a -ir verbs take the vowel –a

Ejemplos: -ar, -er, -ir • (Mirar - Miro) Mire Ud. = Look. (infinitive) (yo form) (imperativo formal) • (Aprender - Aprendo) Aprenda Ud. español. = Learn Spanish. • (Escribir - Escribo) Escriba Ud. en inglés. = Write in English. > The “Ud. ” may be expressed or omitted.

Stem-Changers, therefore, will still occur. • Cerrar(ie) - Cierre Ud. la puerta. Close the door. • Volver(ue) - Vuelva Ud. a las once. Return at 11: 00. • Seguir(i, i) - Siga Ud. las instrucciones. Follow the instructions.

Hmmmm……what happened here? • Toque Ud. la guitarra. • Juegue Ud. el partido. • Lance Ud. el balón. >Toce Ud and Juege Ud would be incorrect because you need to maintain the pronunciation of the “c” and “g” >Lanze Ud would be incorrect because “z” is never used before an “e”

Since the root of the polite command is the 1 st person singular of the present tense (step #1), notice these polite commands. 1 st person present • traigo • vengo • salgo • tengo • digo • hago • oigo • conozco • traduzco • veo > They are all –er or –ir verbs so they will take the opposite vowel: -a. Command traiga Ud. venga Ud. salga Ud. tenga Ud. diga Ud. haga. Ud. oiga. Ud. conozca Ud. traduzca Ud. vea Ud.

Just add “No” to make the command negative. Just add –n on to the verb to make the command plural. Add “Uds” if you wish. • • • Hable Ud. Coma Ud. Duerma Ud. Pague Ud. Comience Ud. Haga Ud. Oiga Ud. Ponga Ud. Tenga Ud. Hablen Uds. Coman Uds. Duerman Uds. Paguen Uds. Comiencen Uds. Hagan Uds. Oigan Uds. Pongan Uds. Tengan Uds. No hable(n) Ud. (s) No coman Uds. No duerman Uds. No paguen Uds. No comiencen Uds. No hagan Uds. No oigan Uds. No pongan Uds. No tengan Uds.

Ok then…. What about reflexive pronouns? • • • Siéntese Ud. / Siéntense Uds. Sit down. (seat yourself) Diviértase Ud. / Diviértanse Uds. Have fun Acuéstese Ud. / Acuéstense Uds. Go to bed. Mírese Ud. / Mírense Uds. Look at yourself. Póngase Ud. los zapatos / Pónganse Uds. los zapatos. Put on your shoes >Since you are commanding an adult, you will be using the “se” reflexive pronoun. >Attach the reflexive pronoun on to the end of the command. >Place a written accent on the 3 rd to the last syllable to maintain stress there. (where it would have been if the pronoun were not there) >The use of “Ud. ” and “Uds. ” is optional.

And Indirect Object Pronouns? • Véndame Ud. el libro. / Véndanme Uds. Sell the book to me. • Léale Ud. los apuntes. / Léanle Uds. Read the notes to him. • Escríbanos Ud. una carta. / Escríbanos Uds. Write a letter to us. • Tráigales Ud. un fotografía a ellos. / Tráiganles Uds. Bring a photo to them. > All pronouns, no matter what type, must be attached on to affirmative commands > Again, the accent! > Don’t forget you may clarify a third person indirect object pronoun with a noun phrase as in the last example.

And of course, Direct Object Pronouns. • Cómprelos Ud. / Cómprenlos Uds. Buy them. • Dígalo Ud. / Díganlo Uds. Say it. • Hágalo Ud. / Háganlo Uds. Do it. • Míreme Ud. / Mírenme Uds. Watch me. • Same accent…. same other stuff too.

Last… but not least!!!!! • Yes………you guessed it…….

El imperativo con pronombres indirectos y pronombres directos. 1. Muéstremelo Ud. / Muéstrenmelo Uds. Show it to me. 2. Díganoslo Ud. / Díganoslo Uds. Tell it to us. 3. Escríbamelos Ud. / Escríbanmelos Uds. Write them to me. 4. Mándesela Ud. / Mándensela Uds. Send it to them. 5. Tráigaselos Ud. / Tráiganselos Uds. Bring them to her. Ø The accent is on the 4 th to the last syllable where the stress would normally be without any pronouns added. Ø In example 4, les changed to se. Ø In example 5, le changed to se

As always…. . The Irregulars Lo siento clase…. pero Uds. saben que siempre hay irregulares!

There are 5 Irregulars that must be memorized. They do not fit any pattern. • • • ser ir dar estar saber sea Ud. sean Uds. vaya Ud. vayan Uds. dé Ud. den Uds. esté Ud. estén Uds. sepa Ud. sepan Uds. Remember the acronym – “S I D E S”

Ahora Uds. pueden tratar…

Traduce al español. • • • Go home. Vaya Ud. a casa. Get up. Levántese Ud. Open the door. Abra la puerta. Call me. Llámeme. Buy it for me. Cómpremelo.

¡¡Estupendo clase!! El fin .