Can Internet provide opportunity for the 5 billion

Can Internet provide opportunity for the 5 billion unconnected in developing economies to leap-frog Part 2: Applications & Empowering using Rural India as an example Prof. Ashok Jhunjhunwala, IITM, Chennai, India ashok@tenet. res. in

Innovative Business Models p n-Logue : A Rural Service Provider n aggregate demand into a kiosk owned & driven by a local entrepreneur n $1000 (including taxes) per Kiosk providing telephone, Internet, n multimedia PC with web-camera, printer and power back-up for PC § plus Indian language software, video conferencing software, training and maintenance n set up by a village entrepreneur on the lines of urban PCOs § provides telephone, stand-alone Computer and Internet services § needs $75 per month to break even (7 cents person per month) Te. Ne. T Group, IITM July 04, Japan 2

Kiosk: Bouquet of Services (besides telephony) p p p Education Health e-governance Livelihood Entertainment n Te. Ne. T Group, IITM July 04, Japan DTP work, games, browsing, emails and video mails add to kiosk viability 3

Customised Courses for Various Age Groups – in Local Language Te. Ne. T Group, IITM July 04, Japan 4

Remote Teaching: Tutorials Te. Ne. T Group, IITM July 04, Japan 5

Science – Long Question B Math – Long Question Te. Ne. T Group, IITM July 04, Japan 6

Social – Map Question Spoken English – Word Split Te. Ne. T Group, IITM July 04, Japan 7

Livelihood – Making a Resume Te. Ne. T Group, IITM July 04, Japan 8

Digital Studio – Training Te. Ne. T Group, IITM July 04, Japan 9

Digital Studio – Low cost Photography Passport Photographs ID cards Te. Ne. T Group, IITM July 04, Japan 10

E- Dr Vet ? p In Attapati village n n n p Priya’s chicken was limping Photo sent to Veterinary college Identified as Curled toe paralysis Cost for process n Te. Ne. T Group, IITM Reduced from $ 5 to 50 Cents July 04, Japan 11

Till recently Eye Ailments that could only be detected this way… An Eye Camp conducted in a Village in Tamil Nadu Remote Eye Care Te. Ne. T Group, IITM July 04, Japan 12

An Online Clinic … Te. Ne. T Group, IITM *Dr Mala Fenn is a leading Gynecologist in. July 04, Japan Madurai 13

Ordinary People too have a Voice … n n His job was to operate the pump for the Village Overhead Tank n The Village Head removed from his job and gave the post to one of his relatives n Te. Ne. T Group, IITM This is Veeramani - a man with disabilities Through the kiosk, he sent an email petition to the Chief Minister’s Cell, attaching a photograph of himself A letter came back from the CM’s Cell asking that he be reinstated July 04, Japan 14

e-Government Te. Ne. T Group, IITM July 04, Japan 15

Web- Durbar: DM talks to multiple villages on video Te. Ne. T Group, IITM July 04, Japan 16

Saving Crops and Agri-consultancy Before In a Village in Madurai, the Lady’s Finger (Okra) crop was turning white The problem was sent to the experts at the Department of Rural Extension, Madurai Agricultural College and Research Centre who diagnosed it as “Yellow Mosaic disease” After Saving to farmer - $3500 Cost of Information - a dollar Te. Ne. T Group, IITM July 04, Japan 17

Entertainment – Chiraag Radio Te. Ne. T Group, IITM July 04, Japan 18

Local Internet Newspaper - Chiraag Times Te. Ne. T Group, IITM July 04, Japan 19

Te. Ne. T Group, IITM July 04, Japan 20

Rural Children create computer drawings for greeting cards Te. Ne. T Group, IITM July 04, Japan 21 All drawn on a PC

Enabling Technologies & Team

Technologies & Team that makes this possible p cor. DECT Wi. LL n p p p p RAS & Router Banyan Minnow ISP in a box n p p p Midas Nilgiri Billing System Nilgiri Network Management Indian Language Office package Multi-party multi-rate video conferencing n Live Lecture Rural ATM Machine n Finger print detection Medical Diagnostic kit LCD projection system Web Terminal Me. Te. L On-line eye-testing Sparse Area Comm System NMSWorks CK OOPS Vortex HP-IITM Neurosynaptics Te. Ne. T Midas HP-IITM Te. Ne. T faculty and 10 companies incubated by it (1000 engineers) working to make the dream true Te. Ne. T Group, IITM July 04, Japan 23

Office package in Indian Languages Te. Ne. T Group, IITM July 04, Japan IITM - Chennai Kavigal 24

Low bit-rate multi-party Video Conferencing (audio + video + chat at 20 kbps onwards) On-line lecturing at low bit-rates Te. Ne. T Group, IITM July 04, Japan IITM - OOPS 25

Financial Services with Banks p IITM-Vortex Kiosk operators to have Credit cards n Collect cash from villager and pay online § Govt. payments, Telephone bills § Kiosk operator to be an agent for § agri-crop loans § Rural Insurance, Health and Crop n Rural low cost ATMs at kiosks § Works along with the PC already existing § Breakthrough pricing envisaged of $ 1000 Te. Ne. T Group, IITM July 04, Japan 26

IITM - Neuro. Synaptic Remote Monitoring of patient’s health using wireless A kit consisting of BP, Temperature, ECG measurement and Stethoscope for $ 200 Te. Ne. T Group, IITM July 04, Japan 27

The Future

Rural Micro-Enterprises are the Wealth Creators p Micro-enterprises need n Finance n Knowledge and Training n Buying & Selling n Insurance p Can Communications Enable these ? Agriculture Trade & Commerce Animal Husbandry IT-Based Services Agricultural Processing Industry Te. Ne. T Group, IITM July 04, Japan 29

The Dream Current Rural GDP in India = $ 150 Billion For a Population = 700 million people GDP / Person = $ 200 per year Rural Prosperity DOUBLING per-capita Rural GDP $ 400 person per year Te. Ne. T Group, IITM July 04, Japan 30

Tomorrow’s kiosk p Tomorrow the kiosk should become n a communication hub: providing 50 telephone and Internet connection in a village n a center for virtual university / training center § technology support center n n a support center for Entrepreneurship a banking outlet § micro-finance outlet n a trading outlet § agri-support center a medical support center and more n Te. Ne. T Group, IITM July 04, Japan 31

Is this replicable in other developing economies? p Replicable n Business as drivers for connectivity n aggregation of demand where incomes are low n technology designed for specific condition can help p not necessarily replicable n specific technologies and business models Te. Ne. T Group, IITM July 04, Japan 32

To Sum Up p Focused & Innovative Approach: Create enterprise and entrepreneurs p IT and Communications can not be an end in itself, they can be only a means n means to significantly impact lives of rural people § Dream of Doubling per capita Rural GDP: Finance, Commerce, Training & Information are key § Driving Education, Health and Entrepreneurship is the means § Number of innovative technologies and applications catering specifically to Rural areas required Te. Ne. T Group, IITM July 04, Japan 33