California Institute for Telecommunications and Information Technology Invited

California Institute for Telecommunications and Information Technology Invited Joint Briefing to UCSD CONNECT & the San Diego Telecom Council La Jolla, CA January 25, 2001 By Larry Smarr, Director, Cal-(IT)2

The Emerging Brilliant Cloud A Mobile Internet Powered by a Planetary Computer • Wireless Access--Anywhere, Anytime • Broadband to the Home and Small Businesses • Vast Increase in Internet End Points – Embedded Processors – Sensors and Actuators – Information Appliances • Highly Parallel Light Waves Through Fiber • Emergence of a Distributed Planetary Computer – Storage everywhere – Scalable computing power “The all optical fibersphere in the center finds its complement in the wireless ethersphere on the edge of the network. ” --George Gilder

The Internet is Poised to Move Throughout the Physical World Radio (1940 s) Internet (1990 s)

Layered Software Approach to Building the Planetary Grid Science Portals & Workbenches Twenty-First Century Applications Access Grid Computational Grid Access Services & Technology Computational Services Grid Services (resource independent) Grid Fabric (resource dependent) “A source book for the history of the future” -- Vint Cerf Networking, Devices and Systems Edited by Ian Foster and Carl Kesselman www. mkp. com/grids P e r f o r m a n c e

The Era of Guerilla Infrastructure • Guerilla vs. Commercial Infrastructure – – – Bottom Up Completely Decentralized Self-Assembling Use at Your Own Risk Paves the Way for Commercial Deployment • Examples – – – NSFnet Internet NCSA Mosaic Web Napster Peer-to-Peer Storage SETI@home Peer-to-Peer Computing IEEE 802. 11 Broadband Wireless Internet

UC San Diego and UC Irvine California Institute for Telecommunications and Information Technology • New Funding Model (4 Years) – – – State $100 M Industry $140 M Private $30 M Campus $30 M Federal $100 -200 M (anticipated) Total $400 -500 M • Institute Directors – – Larry Smarr (UCSD), Institute Director Ron Graham (UCSD), Institute Chief Scientist Ramesh Rao, Director, UCSD Division Peter Rentzepis, Director, UCI Division www. calit 2. net

A Broad Partnership Response from the Private Sector Akamai Boeing Broadcom AMCC CAIMIS Compaq Conexant Copper Mountain Emulex Enterprise Partners VC Entropia Ericsson Global Photon IBM Idea. Edge Ventures Intersil Irvine Sensors Leap Wireless Litton Industries Med. Expert Merck Microsoft Computers Communications Software Sensors Biomedical Startups Venture Firms Mission Ventures NCR Newport Corporation Orincon Panoram Technologies Printronix QUALCOMM Quantum R. W. Johnson Pharmaceutical RI SAIC Sci. Frame Seagate Storage Silicon Wave Sony STMicroelectronics Sun Microsystems Tera. Burst Networks Texas Instruments UCSD Healthcare The Unwired Fund Web. Ex

Elements of the Cal -(IT)2 Industrial Partnerships • Endowed Chairs for Professors • Start-Up Support for Young Faculty • Graduate Student Fellowships • Research and Academic Professionals • Sponsored Research Programs • Equipment Donations for Cal-(IT)2 and Campus • Named Laboratories in new Institute Buildings • Pro Bono Services and Software

Complex Problems Require a New Research and Education Framework 220 UCSD & UCI Faculty Working in Multidisciplinary Teams With Students, Industry, and the Community www. calit 2. net

Novel Materials and Devices are Needed in Every Part of the New Internet New Clean Room Facilites at Both Campuses Materials and Devices Team, UCSD

Creating Tiny and Inexpensive Wireless Internet Sensors Combining… Fluids Stresses and Strains 0. 1 millimeter 100, 000 nanometers Optics and Lasers UCI Integrated Nanosystems Research Facility

Cal -(IT)2 Researchers Will Focus on Semiconductor “System Chips” • Two Trends: – Increasing Use of “Embedded Intelligence” – Networking of Embedded Intelligence • In Ten Years: – The Big: eg. , Terabit Optical Core, Gigabit Wireless, . . . – The Small: eg. , Pervasive Self-powered Sensor “Motes” – The Cheap: eg. , One-Cent Radios – Short-range (10 -100 m), Low Power (10 n. J/bit), Low Bit Rate (1 -100 kbps) • The Consequence: – Smart Spaces, Intelligent Interfaces, Ad Hoc Networks Source: Rajesh Gupta, UCI Center for Embedded Computer Systems

Goal: Design of Configurable Wireless Embedded Sensing/Computing/Communicating Appliances Wireless RTOS Applications sensors Reconf. Logic Processors Memory Protocol Processors Protocol Stacks Network Transport Data Link Physical RF Protocols Sw/Hw/Sensor/RF Co-design Reconfiguration DSP So. C Design Methodologies Sw/Silicon/MEMS Implementation Source: Sujit Dey, UCSD ECE Internet

Nanotechnology Is Becoming Essential for Photonics Source: UCSD Ultrafast and Nanoscale Optics Group, Shaya Fainman

Near Term Fiber Optics Goal: Build an International Lambda Grid • Establish PACI High Performance Network – SDSC to NCSA to PSC Lambda. Net • Link to: – State Dark Fiber – Metropolitan Optical Switched Networks – Campus Optical Grids – International Optical Research Networks • NSF Fund Missing Dark Fiber Links For: – Scientific Applications – Network Research

From Telephone Conference Calls to Access Grid International Video Meetings Linking Researchers with IP Multicast from UCSD, UCI and Partners Access Grid Lead-Argonne NSF STARTAP Lead-UIC’s Elec. Vis. Lab

Bridging Internet Data Collection and Theoretical Scaling Analysis • Network Graph Theory 100, 000 nodes Colored by Node IP Address Bill Cheswick, Lucent Bell Labs and Hal Burch, CMU – – Sparse Clustered Hierarchical Power Laws • Goal – – IT First Principles Quantitative Laws Verify Against Reality Use for Optimal Design Fan Chung Graham, UCSD www. caida. org/projects/internetatlas/gallery/

CWC Brings Deep Wireless Expertise to the Heart of The Institute Center for Wireless Communications Broadband Wireless LOW-POWERED CIRCUITRY RF Mixed A/D ASIC Materials ANTENNAS AND PROPAGATION COMMUNICATION THEORY COMMUNICATION NETWORKS MULTIMEDIA APPLICATIONS Architecture Changing Modulation Media Access Smart Antennas Environment Channel Coding Scheduling Adaptive Arrays Protocols Multiple Access End-to-End Qo. S Multi-Resolution Compression Hand-Off

Broadband Wireless Internet is Here Today • Create Wireless Internet “Watering Holes” – Ad Hoc IEEE 802. 11 Domains – Real Broadband--11 mbps Going to 54 mbps – Home, Neighborhoods, Office – Mobile. Star--Admiral Clubs, Major Hotels, Restaurants, … – UCSD—Key Campus Buildings, Dorms, Coffee Shops… • Upsides – Ease of Use – Unlicensed so Anyone can Be a Wireless ISP – Will Accelerate Innovation—”Living in the Future” • Downsides – Not Secure – Shared Bandwidth – Short Range Coverage “The future is already here, it’s just not evenly distributed” William Gibson, Author of Neuromancer

The UCSD “Living Laboratory”— Fiber, Wireless, Compute, Data, Software • Commodity Internet, Internet 2 • High-speed WAN (OC 48+) • Remote Wireless Data Ingestion SDSC • High-speed optical core • 8 Gigabit now • 80 Gigabit in 18 months • 1 Terabit in 36 Months CS Eng. / Cal-(IT)2 Hosp Med Chem • Campus Wireless SIO ½ Mile

Web Interface to Grid Computing The NPACI Grid. Port Architecture 802. 11 b Wireless Interactive Access to: • State of Computer • Job Status • Application Codes

Cal-(IT)2 Will Bring the Southern High Tech Coast into Cyberspace • Partnering with: – UCSD SDSC – UCSD SIO – UCI ITS UCI Huntington Beach • Add Wireless Sensor Array • Build GIS Data • Focus on: High Tech Coast UCSD Mission Bay San Diego Bay – – – Pollution Water Cycle Earthquakes Bridges Traffic Policy

The High Performance Wireless Research and Education Network • Cal-(IT)2 Will Build on This Pioneering Experiment • Add New Science Sensor Arrays • Instrument Civil Infrastructure • Try Out New Wireless Technologies • Data Analysis NSF Funded PI, Hans-Werner Braun, SDSC Co-PI, Frank Vernon, SIO 45 mbps Duplex Backbone • Outreach and Education

The Wireless Internet Adds Bio-Chemical-Physical Sensors to the Grid • From Experiments to Wireless Infrastructure • Scripps Institution of Oceanography San Diego Supercomputer Center Cal-(IT)2 • • • Source: John Orcutt, SIO Building on Pioneering Work of Hans-Werner Braun & Frank Vernon

Bringing the Civil Infrastructure Online New Bay Bridge Tower with Lateral Shear Links Wireless Sensor Arrays Linked to Crisis Management Control Rooms Source: UCSD Structural Engineering Dept.

Gradually Our Bodies Will Move On-Line • Example of New Sensors—Israeli Video Pill – Battery, Light, Video Camera – Wireless Transmitter – Images Stored on Hip • Next Step—Putting You On-Line! – Key Metabolic and Physical Variables – Model -- Dozens of Embedded Processors Inside of our Vehicles – Why Do Airplanes Have “Black Boxes” and Our Bodies Don’t? • Post-Genomic Individualized Medicine – Combine Your Genetic Code with Your Body’s Data Flow – Use Powerful AI Data Mining Techniques www. givenimaging. com

Cal-(IT)2 Will Pioneer Links Between Art, Technology, & Science “UCSD ”

Broadband Will Connect 30 Million Homes and Small Businesses in Three Years • PCs Always On • High Bandwidth Access • Corporate Drivers – Ford Motor Co. is Buying Home PCs for All its Employees – IBM Is Using SBC to Supply 12, 000 Employees with Home DSL Internet Connections • Stage is Set for Explosion of Internet Computing – Tie PCs Together as Virtual Megacomputer Source: Kinetic Strategies Inc. , Gilder Technology Report Pioneer Consulting

SETI@home Demonstrated that PC Internet Computing Could Grow to Megacomputers • • • Running on 500, 000 PCs, ~1000 CPU Years per Day – Over Half a Million CPU Years so far! – 22 Teraflops sustained 24 x 7 Sophisticated Data & Signal Processing Analysis Distributes Datasets from Arecibo Radio Telescope Next Step. Allen Telescope Array

Evolving Drugs to Match Evolving AIDS Virus Varying Both Target Molecules and Target Proteins Auto. Dock Application Software Has Been Downloaded to Over 10, 000 PCs In Silico Drug Design Art Olson, TSRI