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By Caitlin Antoch and Robert Wood

Which Gland is involved? n n The Pituitary Gland is a pea- sized gland located at the base of the skull. This gland secretes many hormones and is referred to as the “Master Gland” because it controls hormone functions all over the body. The Pituitary Gland

Which hormones are involved? n The Human Growth Hormone (h. GH or GH) is secreted from the Anterior lobe of the Pituitary Gland is responsible for growth in children.

n n n n The Anterior Pituitary Gland produces human growth hormone (h. GH or GH), also known as somatotropin. GH binds to receptors on liver cells and they release insulin- like growth factor- 1 (IGF-1). This hormone causes body cells to grow and stimulates protein synthesis within cartilage, bones, and muscle. This hormone increases the growth rate of bones and muscles during childhood. GH also has many effects on metabolism GH stimulates the rate at which amino acids enter cells and protein synthesis occurs. GH stimulates fat and carbohydrate metabolism.

Negative Feedback loop of the Growth Hormone

Amount of Growth Hormone

What Causes this Disorder? Hyposecretion (underproduction) of the Growth Hormone during growing years causes slow bone growth and the epiphyseal plates close before normal height is reached. This condition is known as Dwarfism.

Proportionate Dwarfism n n Proportionate (Pituitary) Dwarfism results from medical conditions limiting overall growth and development. In a person with Proportionate Dwarfism, the head, trunk, and limbs are all small but they are proportionate to each other. Growth Hormone deficiency is a common cause for this disorder. It occurs when the Pituitary Gland fails to produce an adequate amount of Growth Hormone.

n n n http: //www. ncbi. nlm. nih. gov/pubmedhealth/PMH 0002159/ Tortora, Gerald J. and Sandra Reybolds Grabowski. Principles of Anatomy and Physiology. New York: Harper Collins College, 1993. Print. http: //www. google. com/imgres? q=Pituitary+gland+growth+hormone&hl=en&biw=128 0&bih=856&gbv=2&tbm=isch&tbnid=l. Ri. QRQx. MQnl. Ka. M: &imgrefurl=http: //kids. britan nica. com/elementary/art 87270&docid=nx. VXr. Q_A 0 Ns. Wo. M&imgurl=http: //media. web. britannica. com/ebmedia/13/93313 -034 -70936098. jpg&w=550&h=400&ei=h 2 Jz. T-h. Icry 2 QW 0 s. LDUDg&zoom=1&iact=rc&dur=125&sig=103961430341098122716&pa ge=1&tbnh=148&tbnw=203&start=0&ndsp=21&ved=1 t: 429, r: 5, s: 0&tx=168&ty=46 http: //www. neurosurgery. pitt. edu/minc/skullbase/pituitary/index. html http: //users. rcn. com/jkimball. ma. ultranet/Biology. Pages/P/Pituitary. html

Works Cited cont. n n http: //www. google. com/imgres? q=pituitary+gland+location&hl=en&sa=X&gbv=2&biw=1280&bih=856&tbm=isch&t bnid=7 Zhu 1 Te 9 Jri. TSM: &imgrefurl=http: //thebrainlabs. com/brain. shtml&docid=o. U 2 pwk. KKo. Nfr 0 M&imgurl=http: //th ebrainlabs. com/Images/pituitary_gland. gif&w=237&h=261&ei=J 2 tz. T 5 WTKq. LE 2 w. WO 4 t. X 5 Dg&zoom=1&iact=hc&v px=685&vpy=546&dur=3906&hovh=208&hovw=189&tx=148&ty=85&sig=103961430341098122716&page=1&tbn h=147&tbnw=133&start=0&ndsp=24&ved=1 t: 429, r: 21, s: 0 http: //www. google. com/imgres? q=pituitary+gland+growth+hormone&um=1&hl=en&sa=N&gbv=2&biw=1280&bih= 856&tbm=isch&tbnid=z. MRyk 9 Yv. Ne. Ncm. M: &imgrefurl=http: //www. medindia. net/patients/patientinfo/acromegalyglandsinvolved. htm&docid=MKTg 3 p. QXz. Nm. Jt. M&imgurl=http: //www. medindia. net/patients/patientinfo/Images/Gro wth. Harmone. gif&w=306&h=367&ei=H 21 z. T 7 Xk. L 8 Gs 2 g. WIw. Lna. Dg&zoom=1&iact=rc&dur=141&sig=10396143034 1098122716&page=1&tbnh=153&tbnw=127&start=0&ndsp=21&ved=1 t: 429, r: 7, s: 0&tx=100&ty=70

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