Building Types A building is a man-made structure

Building Types

A building is a man-made structure with a roof and walls standing more or less permanently in one place. Buildings come in a wide amount of shapes and functions, and have been adapted throughout history for a wide number of factors, from building materials available, to weather conditions, to land prices, ground conditions, specific uses and aesthetic reasons. A building typically has a roof and walls and stands more or less permanently in one place. Buildings serve several needs of society – primarily as shelter from weather and as general living space, to provide privacy, to store belongings and to comfortably live and work. A building as a shelter represents a physical division of the human habitat and the outside. Difinition:

Buildings are Different There are “expected” ways of building certain “types” of building Ways they look – Architects care Ways they function – Engineers care Knowing Building Types gives us a head start when designing. Why We Care

Users – What do they need? Space Sizes Large <-> Small Regular <-> Varied Implications for Structure Expected Life Temporary <-> Eternal Implications for materials & methods Issues In Building Types - 1

Equipment Inside Structural Support Power Requirements e.g. Water powered mills, Server Farm Issues In Building Types - 2

Acoustic Concerns Issues In Building Types - 3

Health Concerns Air Surfaces Lighting Grounding Issues In Building Types - 4

Production Auto Printing Medicine Issues In Building Types – 5

Historical Evolution We’ll look at buildings historically because It helps develop a sense of the profession Buildings have become more complex over time and the number of “types” has increased

Housing The need for shelter has been constant for tens of thousands of years. The form varies depending on climate, materials & culture. Here: Japanese prehistoric straw house Canyon de Chelly – Arizona - 1100 Modern High-Rise What’s the same? What’s Different?

Warfare Forts & Protected Cities Mycenae – Greece (1400 BCE) Krac des Chevaliers – Syria (1134) Submarine Pen - 1940

Worship Purpose Gather People Express Awe Seen Here Egyptian Temple – Edfu – 1200 BC Sainte Chapelle –Paris 1248 Erectheum – Athens – 432 BC - Greece

Funeral Massive Structure Purpose Protect body for eternity Impress Step Pyramid at Saqqârah – Egypt – 2611 BCE Lenin’s Tomb – Moscow - 1924

Marketplaces Purpose People Meet Conduct Business Markets Today Agora – Athens - ~500 BC Agora – Athens – Today NY Stock Exchange Façade - Today Stock Exchange – Today

Athletic Facilities Purpose Organized Competition Places Olympus Greece – 766 BCE + Olympics – Salt Lake City - 2002

Theaters Dramatic Event Places Epidaurus – Greece ~300BC Coliseum – Rome – 81 45,000 seats IMAX Theater – Long Island – 1999 What is the same? What has changed?