Bringing Robots To Life Applying Principles Of Animation To Robots Albert J. N. van Breemen Software Architecture Group Philips Research, Eindhoven, The Netherlands Albert. van. breemen@philips. com CHI 2004
About Albert van Breemen • Live in Belgium • Background electrical engineering (1997) • Ph. D “Agent-Based Multi-Controller Systems” (2001) • Software Architect for Intelligent System at Philips Research “Nat. Lab”, Eindhoven, the Netherlands Research 2
High Tech Campus Eindhoven (The Netherlands) Research Facts & Figures Campus site: 910, 000 m², 25 new buildings, investment of Euro 600 million, 7 -8, 000 people by 2008. Over 8000 m² clean room, 50, 000 m² lab, 100, 000 m² office-space and 80. 000 m² development space. 3
User-Interface Robots • Explorative research started in 2001 • Aim: develop UI Robot that: – is enjoyable to interact with (fun!), – is situated in an home environment. • First approach: just built it! Research 4
“Lino” • Built from standard (robot) components (mobile Pioneer platform, 3 laptops, etc. ) • Special head to show facial expressions. • Localizes and navigates itself through the Home. Lab. Research 5
Lino Facial Expressions Research 6
Lessons learned • Users like (and react to) Lino’s facial expressions, but … • …just using facial expressions is not enough to create a believable robot. • “Emotional” intelligence is more important than “problem solving” intelligence. (You don’t want to best chess player in your house, you just want a UI robot that is fun!) Research 7
Bringing Robots to Life • Idea: If 2 D characters on a screen can be brought to life by using animation techniques, can we then use the same techniques to bring robots to life? Research 8
Step 1: use an improved robot “i. Cat” Research 9
Step 2: Study World of Animation • There exists 12 basic principles of animation: – Anticipation, – Slow in and slow out, – Follow through, – Overlapping action, – etc. Most of them can be applied to robots!!! Research 10
Step 3: develop new tools and robot architecture Research 11
Step 4: The Result 1 Research 12
Step 4: The Result 2 Research 13
Conclusions and Summary • Traditionally, a robot’s task is aimed at realizing goals. Therefore, reasoning and planning is important. • The aim of UI robots is foremost believability. This requires new approaches to develop these robots. • The world of animation (and animatronics) provides good techniques and principles to develop UI robots. Research 14
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