Bridge to the Future ICEBERG: From POTS to PANS Anthony D. Joseph Randy H. Katz B. R. Badrinath UC Berkeley S. 7 BMRC MIG Seminar September 16, 1998 http: //iceberg. cs. berkeley. edu Cellular “Core” Network
Transparent Information Access Speech-to-Text Speech-to-Voice Attached-Email Call-to-Pager/Email Notification Email-to-Speech All compositions of the above! Universal In-box Policy-based Location-based Activity-based
Smart Spaces • Walk into a A/V room and control everything with your own wireless PDA – – Services for each device Automated discovery and use Automated UI generation Composite behaviors • Phones as well as PDAs – Speech-enabled control
Potentially Any Network Service (PANS) Same service in different networks Service handoff between networks 2 -way GSM/CDMA IAP IP IAP WIP High BW IP core Diverse access links PSTN IAP E. g. , “follow me” service E. g. , any-to-any service Paging IAP Iceberg Access Points (More than gateways) • Provide policy engine • Handle routing, security
ICEBERG: Internet-based core for CEllular networks BEyond the thi. Rd Generation • Project: June 1998 - June 2001, joint with Ericsson • The Challenge – Developing service intensive, network-based, real-time applications – Securely embedding computational resources in the switching fabric – Providing an open, extensible network environment: heterogeneity • Computing – Encapsulating legacy servers and partitioning “thin” client functionality – Scalability: 100, 000 s of simultaneous users in the SF Bay Area • High BW IP backbones plus diverse access networks – – Different coverage, bandwidth, latency, and cost characteristics Third generation cellular systems: UMTS/IMT 2000 Next generation wireless LANs: Bluetooth Home networking: DSL / Cable modem
Important Trends • Multimedia / Voice over IP networks – Lower cost, more flexible packet-switching core network – Simultaneous delay sensitive and delay insensitive flows (RSVP, Class-based Queuing, Link Scheduling) • Intelligence shifts to the network edges – User-implemented functionality • Programmable intelligence inside the network – – Proxy servers intermixed with switching infrastructure TACC model & Java code: “write once, run anywhere” Rapid new service development Speech-based services • Implications for cellular network infrastructure of the 21 st century? – High BW data (384 Kb/s-2 Mb/s): Reliable Link Protocols
Outline • • Example Services Challenges and Trends Project Goals Experimental Testbed Project Approach and Strategy Research Areas Summary
ICEBERG Project Goals • Demonstrate ease of new service deployment – Packet voice for computer-telephony integration – Speech- and location-enabled applications – Complete interoperation of speech, text, fax/image across the four P’s: PDAs, pads, pagers, phones) – Mobility and generalized routing redirection • Demonstrate new system architecture to support innovative applications – Personal Information Management » Universal In-box: e-mail, news, fax, voice mail » Notification redirection: e. g. , e-mail, pager – Home networking and control of “smart” spaces, sensor/actuator integration » Build on experience with A/V equipped rooms in Soda Hall
ICEBERG Project Goals • Understand the implications for cellular network design based on IP technology – – Cellular / IP interworking functionality IP network provisioning for scalability “Soft” Qo. S for delay-sensitive flows Multinetwork mobility and security support • Understand how to – Encapsulate existing applications services like speech-to-text – Deploy and manage such computationally intensive services in the network – Integrate other kinds of services, like mobility and redirection, inside the network
Experimental Testbed Nino Velo IBM Work. Pad MC-16 Motorola Pagewriter 2000 CF 788 306 Soda WLAN / Bluetooth 405 Soda 326 Soda “Colab” Pager GSM BTS TCI @Home Smart Spaces Personal Information Management Sim. Millennium Network Infrastructure H. 323 GW Millennium Cluster
Project Approach • Understanding three key research areas – Cellular / IP integration » Mobility Management – Wireless link management » Packet Scheduling in GPRS and W-CDMA » Reliable Link Protocols – Proxy- and Multicast-Enabled Services » Speech / Information dissemination • Pro. Active Infrastructure: NINJA – – Computing resources spread among switching infrastructure Computationally intensive services: e. g. , voice-to-text Service and server discovery Security, authentication, and billing
Internet-Scale Systems Research Group Personal Information Management and “Smart Spaces” Distributed Videoconferencing Room-scale Collaboration Speech and Location Aware Applications ICEBERG Computer-Telephony Services MASH Media Processing Services Active Services Architecture Tran. Send Extensible Proxy Services Distributed Computing Services: NINJA Computing and Communications Platform: Millennium/NOW
Project Strategy GSM Infrastructure Elements -- Data over PBMS GSM Network -- GSM Base Station -- Integration with IP-infrastructure Analyze Existing Systems Prototype Elements Design -- Handset/computer integration -- Java-enabled components --Speech-based services Next Generation ns & BONES Simulations -- Ericsson channel error models -- GSM-based infrastructure -- GSM media access & link layer Implement New System
Outline • • Example Services Challenges and Trends Project Goals Experimental Testbed Project Approach and Strategy Research Areas Summary
Cellular / IP Integration • Integrating a GSM BTS with an IP core network – Mapping IP signaling to SS 7 radio management – Call admission and handoff • Mobility management interworking – – Mobile IP uses home agent / foreign agent GSM uses Home Location Register / Visiting Location Register Handoff between Mobile IP and GSM networks Scalability, security of Mobile IP? • Generalized redirection agents – User- or service-specified dynamic policy-based redirection » 1 -800 service, email to pagers, etc. – Service mobility as a first class object
GSM BTS-IP Integration Interactive Voice Response Simulates BSC and MSC functionality BTS Signaling E 1 Infocaster VAT Control Signaling UPSim Net. Meeting PC IP-PAD Internet Ethernet Traffic E 1: Voice @ 13 kb/s Data @ 12 kb/s GSM Phone Demo in 440 Soda after the talk H. 323 GW PSTN
Service Mobility as a First-Class Object “Anthony@Berkeley” Universal Names: Globally unique IDs An Entity has a universal name and a profile; Entities are people or processes Office. PSTN: 510 -643 -7212 Fax. PSTN: 510 -643 -7352 Desk. IP: rover. cs. berkeley. edu: 555 Laptop. IP: fido. cs. berkeley. edu: 555 PCS: 510 -388 -7212 E-mail: adj@cs. berkeley. edu Home: 510 -555 -1212 Profile: set of domain-specific names
Iceberg Inter-Domain Naming Protocol IAP Call(Randy@Berkeley, Caller’s network, Interactive, Caller. ID certificate) Replicated Information: • Real-time • Lazy • Epidemic IDNP Server Profile weeks/months System State minutes/hours Policy days/weeks IDNP Server
Wireless Link Management • Modeling GSM media access, link, routing, and transport layers – Validated ns modeling suite and BONES simulator – GSM channel error models from Ericsson • Qo. S and link scheduling for next generation links – High Speed Circuit Switched Data (HSCSD), General Packet Radio System (GPRS), and Wideband CDMA (W-CDMA) – RSVP signaling integration with bottleneck link scheduling • Reliable Link Protocols – Wireless links have high error rates (> 1%) – Reliable transport protocols (TCP) interpret errors as congestion – Solution is ARQ protocol, but retransmissions introduce jitter
RLP-TCP Collection & Analysis Tools • RLP and TCP interaction measurement / analysis – Both are reliable protocols (link and transport layers) – Trace analysis tool to determine current interaction effects – Trace collection/analysis for design of next generation networks TCP: End-to-End Reliability RLP: Wireless Reliability GSM Network BTS TCP / RLP stats Demo after talk BSC MSC RLP stats Post-processing tool (120 bytes/s) TCP / RLP stats
TCP and RLP Data Plot Sent 30, 720 bytes from mobile host to stationary host
New Services • Encapsulating complex data transformations – Speech-to-text, text-to-speech • Composition of services – Voice mail-to-email, email-to-voice mail • Location-aware information services – E. g. , traffic reports • Multicast-enabled information services – Multilayered multicast: increasing level of detail as number of subscribed layers increase
Simulated Ninja Environment • Speech is the ubiquitous access method – Access from millions of phones (analog to digital cellular) Gateway Cell Phone RTP IP-Pad (BTS) RMI Service Entity Room Control UDP Simja Server Room (MASH) Entity Barbara Emre
Interactive Voice Response to A/V Devices Application • First application: Controlling A/V devices • Next application: Personal Information Mgmt (PIM) Path Audio ICSI Speech Recognizer A/V Devices Text to Cmd Command Microphone Cell phone Room Entity Response to Client Demo after talk
Summary • Large-scale testbed deployment is progressing well – – Lots of work by the students during the summer BTS-IP integration progressing Iceberg testbed will be mostly completed this fall Testbed will enable development of new protocols • Lots of on-going design work – – Automatic path creation Service handoff: Passing metadata across/through networks IVR: More applications and devices (Windows. CE) Service location and discovery » Query model and security – RLP implementation in IP-PAD
Bridge to the Future ICEBERG: From POTS to PANS Anthony D. Joseph Randy H. Katz B. R. Badrinath UC Berkeley S. 7 BMRC MIG Seminar September 16, 1998 http: //iceberg. cs. berkeley. edu Cellular “Core” Network
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