BRGF Concerns Planning Strategies A P s initiative

BRGF Concerns Planning Strategies A. P. ’s initiative K. CHANDRAMOULI, IAS AMR-APARD

Participation : ® Much publicized ® Much mis / loosely used ® ® ® Its an instrument designed for smooth delivery of services Involves unreached / excluded Provides “Voice” & “Face” Community – main actors Trusts that extraordinary capabilities in ordinary people Participation • political • developmental ® Non-negotiable “We have done it ourselves” - Lao Tsu

1) OWN THE PLAN 2) ORDERLY GROWTH IS PLAN - DISORDERLY GROWTH IS A PAIN 3) HARNESSING AVAILABLE RESOURCES IN A PLANNED MANNER MAXIMISES POSITIVE GROWTH • You will get only available resources But not unlimited resources 4) PLAN SHOULD BE IMPLEMENTABLE • Plan can be dreaming – But should not be day nightmarish

5) TIMELINESS FOR PREPARATION AND IMPLEMENTATION OF PLAN • Even jasmines smell rotten after their time. 6) DO NOT TRY TO BE THE WISEST MAN TO GIFT A PLAN – STAKE HOLDERS ARE WISER THAN YOU 7) DON’T BE A MISER DISTRIBUTE THE OWNERSHIP OF THE PLAN – LET ALL THE STAKE HOLDERS OWN THE PLAN 8) DO NOT FORGET TO PURCHASE HORSE SHOES AFTER BUYING THE HORSE FILLING CRITICAL GAPS IS WHAT BRGF IS ABOUT

9) PRIORITISATION IS THE CLUE – IT IS ELEMENTARY 10) LEAST DEVELOPED SHOULD GET MOST PRIORITY IN PLANNING. • Special Component Plan • Tribal Sub-plan Are Essential in District Plan 11) NETWORKING NEEDS AND ALL AVAILABLE FUNDS IS IMPORTANT. • Otherwise you find your net full of holes.

2) ALL PASSAGES HAVE LEAKAGES - PLUG 1 THEM Have field verifications social audit reviews etc. 13)THIRD EYE REVEALS MORE Have an independent monitoring agency to assess implementation of your plans.

14) PUBLICISE AND FLOURISH - MAY BE ANONIMITY A GOOD TRAIT OF A BUREAUCRAT - BUT NOT OF A GOOD PLANNER. Give wide publicity to your plan before preparation and after finalization – Meetings workshops involving VOs and Community. AGENCIES OF THE FOR FIX 15) EXECUTION WORKS – FOLLOW FINANCIAL DISCIPLINE – CORNER STONE OF DECENTRALISED PLANING • Activity mapping helps

Setting Goals is an important step in Planning exercise Where do we (District, Mandal, GP) want to be in next five years; ten years; twenty years ? a) What is the rate of literacy in our District / Mandal / GP will be ? b) What will be the number of our children in Schools ? c) All deliveries will be in institutions or by trained workers ? d) Where will our MMR stand ?

e) Where will our CMR stands ? f) Will all unemployed get employment ? 1) Wage earning or self employment. 2) All the unemployed will be trained in various skills g) All people will have access to potable Drinking Water ? h) All the houses have drainage facility ? i) All the habitations have road connectivity ? j) Can we have food security for all, including destitutes? k) Can we establish rural business hubs ? l) All houses have electricity ?

We may use the millennium development Goals as a basis 191 United Nations member states pledged in 2000 to meet the following eight goals by 2015:

Human Development Report 2007 Description India Japan USA China S. Lanka Pak B. Desh HDI Rank 128 8 12 81 99 136 140 Huma povert index (HPI-) Rank 62 . . 29 44 77 93 Gender related Development Index (GDI) Rank 112 13 16 72 88 124 120 Life Expectancy 63. 7 82. 3 77. 9 72. 5 71. 6 64. 6 63. 1 Adult Literacy 61 . . 90. 9 90. 7 49. 9 47. 5 Children under weight for age (% under age 5)1996 -2005 e 47 . . 2 8 29 38 48 Infants with low birth weig. (%) 1998 -2005 e 30 8 8 4 22 19 36 34. 3 . . 9. 9 5. 6 17 41. 3 Population living below $1 a day (%) 1990 -2005 e

India Japan USA China S. Lan ka 62. 9 81. 9 77. 4 72 70. 8 63. 6 62 Births attended by skilled health personnel (%) 19972005 a 43 100 99 97 96 31 13 Population using improved sanitation (%) 2004 33 100 44 91 59 39 Population using an improved water source (%) 2004 86 100 77 79 91 24 Population undernourish (% of total population) 2002 20 2. 5 12 22 24 30 HIV prevalence (% aged 15 -49) 2005 0. 9 < 0. 1 0. 6 0. 1 < 0. 1 Description Life expectancy at birth, quinquennial estimates (years) Pak B. Desh

India Japan USA China S. Lanka Tubercul cases, prevalence (per 1 Lakh people) 2005 e 299 38 3 208 80 297 406 Infact mortallity rate (per 1, 000 live births 2005 56 3 6 23 12 79 54 Under-five mortality rate (per 1, 000 live births 2005 74 4 7 27 14 99 73 8. 5 6. 7 71 6. 2 Description Pak B. Desh Population with out Electricity (millions) 487. 2 Forest Area (% of total land) 22. 8 68. 2 33. 1 21. 2 29. 9 2. 5 6. 7 Seats in Parliament % held by women 9 11. 1 16. 3 20. 3 4. 9 20. 4 15. 1 3452 31267 41890 6757 4595 2370 2053 GDP per capita (PPP US$) 2005 . .

Some Important Socio Economic Indicators-South India DESCRIPTION INDIA A. P Karnataka Kerala Orissa Tamilanadu 21. 8 11. 1 17. 4 11. 4 39. 9 17. 8 58 57 50 14 75 37 MMR 27. 4 14. 8 18. 9 6. 6 29. 5 8. 8 Life Expectancy 66. 9 65 66. 4 75 59. 7 69. 8 % Area Under Forest 22. 79 22. 59 16. 12 27. 85 37. 33 16. 29 Literacy % 79. 92 60. 47 66. 64 90. 86 63. 08 82. 53 Female Litteracy % 58. 74 50. 43 56. 87 87. 72 50. 51 66. 21 % House holds having sanitation facility Urban 64. 84 78. 07 75. 23 92. 02 59. 69 73. 45 % House holds having sanitation facility Rural 75. 26 18. 15 17. 4 81. 33 7. 71 82. 42 Per Capita Income 26211 27101 32852 17299 29924 Enrolment Ratio ( Classes 1 -5) 73. 72 87. 72 108. 91 96. 92 110. 91 64. 33 Enrolment Ratio ( Classes 6 th -8 th ) 21. 92 64. 86 76. 2 93. 64 54. 01 14. 36 % BPL Pop 2004 -05 IMR 2005

Literacy Percentate Literacy status in BRGF Districts

Infant Mortality Rate in BRGF Districts

Maternal Mortality Rate in BRGF Districts

% of Women assisted by skilled personnel during delivery

Dropout Rate

IDENTIFY YOUR FELT NEEDS ® Safe drinking water ® Nutrition for children & mothers ® Playground & teachers ® Dispensary/Hospital with building, equipment, medicines & doctors ® Loan for the self employed ® Training in trades/vocations ® Roads, electricity, markets ® If none of these - you could have an alternative set of needs in your district!

PRIORITISATION OF FELT NEEDS ® What we will take up first ? What is the most urgent ? ® What would help the poor in the village ? ® What would help the women & children in the village ? ® What will benefit the most number of people ? ® If you have to make a choice, won’t you give priority to the work that helps the poorest and the weakest in the village ?

What are the available resources? ® People ® Know How ® Sramdan ® Natural resources ® Man made assets ® Funds ® Own funds ® Devolved funds ® Funds under various schemes ® Contribution from the public / NRIs etc.

Natural resources are equally important… ® What is the nature of the land in the district? How much is under agriculture? How much is irrigated? How much is under forest? Mining? ® What is the state of agriculture? Major crops? Scope for horticulture, animal husbandry, fisheries, fuel plantation? ® What is the extent of availability of water? How much is being used for drinking water, agriculture, industry and other purposes? ® How do we protect and sustain the natural resources?

Manmade resources come next. . ® What is the government infrastructure available? ® What are the private assets available? ® You could make a checklist - Tanks, handpumps, schools, dispensaries, hospitals, roads, drains, veterinary dispensaries, cottage- small-scale industry, ITI, godowns, cold storages etc. ® It is a good idea to complete asset registers for all Panchayats and departments! ® Can you mark this on a district map? You can use the NIC to help out.

And last but not the least – the financial resources ® What are the programmes in operation in your district and how much money is available under each? ® Central Plan funds, ® State plan funds, ® Central finance Commission grants, ® State finance commission grants, ® Your own resources, through taxes and user charges. ® Do not forget salaries and maintenance expenditure -- they are equally important.

You must invariably find out how much money is available under the following schemes, ® ® ® National Rural Employment Guarantee Programme, National Rural Health Mission Sarva Shiksha Abhiyan, Midday Meal Scheme, Accelerated Rural Water Supply Programme Pradhan Mantri Gram Sadak Yojana Integrated Child Development Scheme Indira Awas Yojana Swarna Jayanthi Gram Swarozgar Yojana Backward Regions Grant Fund Central Finance Commission Grants State Finance Commission Grants

ABOUT BRGF The Backward Regions Grant Fund

Removal of Poverty & Backwardness BRGF Empowerment Of Panchayats ® Supplants RSVY, ® Covers 250 backward districts, including 56 extremist affected districts, ® Support provided during 2006 -07 and during the 11 th FYP, ® Allocation based on population and area, with floor level of minimum Rs. 10 cr per district per year.

Backward Regions Grant Fund: Key features in design Poverty and backwardness agenda ® Converge substantial existing development inflows into selected districts into a wellcoordinated integrated development plan. ® Funds to be used for gap filling, capacity building and enlisting professional support for planning. ® Clear focus on poverty reduction, which is to be closely tracked.

BRGF: Funding design State to prescribe: ® Interse shares between PRI tiers and Urban local bodies. ® Shares between panchayats within allocation for the tier concerned. ® Incentives. ®

District Planning: Salient features of Planning Commission’s circular of 25 -8 -06 ® In preparing the District Plan, District Planning Committees are to consolidate: ® Plans prepared by the Panchayats for (a) activities assigned to them, (b) national/state schemes implemented by them and (c) schemes implemented with their own resources, ® Similar plans prepared by Municipalities, ® Elements of the State Plan physically implemented in the district.

DISTRICT AND SUB DISTRICT PLANNING ACTION POINTS

PROCESSES IN THE PREPARATION OF DISTRICT PLAN

EXPLORE ROOT CAUSES FOR BACKWARDNESS SITUATION ANALYSIS SEARCH FOR REMEDIES ENVISIONING

CONSTITUTION OF TECHNICAL ADVISORY GROUPS DISTRICT LEVEL TAG MANDAL LEVEL TAG Collector. CEO (ZP)- MPDO MRO EO (PR&RD)MEO, AE (PR) AE(RWS) AE (Transco) AO, MO (PHC) PO ICDS, MVO ASO, Area Coord Chairman Convener PO ITDA, PD (DRDA) Member PD DWMA) Member CPO, DPOMember RJD Mpl Admn or Member MPl. Commissioner All line Dept Officials Members Academicians Member Convenor Member Members Members

Stock Taking Human Development Infrastructure Development Health, Education, Women & Child Welfare, Social Justice & other basic minimum Services and Solid waste Management Drinking Water, Rural Connectivity, Rural Electrification Communication , Anganwadi School Buildings etc. , Productivity Sector Food and agricultural Production, Watersheds, Animal Husbandry, Irrigation, Handlooms, Handicrafts, Khadi Village Industries etc. ,

SCHEMES AND RESOURCES Status of Various Schems Along with financial resources on hand & to be received during this year for district and Mandals Centrally Sponsored Schemes State Plan Schemes PRI AND ULBs Own Resources Externally Aided Projects All Sectorral Department Schemes GP/MP/ZP/ULB OWN FUNDS Contributions from NGOs, NRIs, People Corporate Bodies, etc Flag Ship Programmes SSA, NRHM, MDM, TSC, DWSM, NREGS ICDS, JNNURM Other CSS like PMGSY, ARWS, RGGVY BHARAT NIRMAN Etc

Call for DPC Meeting ® Discuss the above information ® Formulate the Vision ® Finalise the Thrust Areas ® Identify the Critical Gaps to filled up with reference to resources available under various schemes ® Communicate the vision and goals to Mandals and Panchayats to do similar work

Fix The Time Schedule the task is to prepare the plan for 2008 -09 and also perspective plan for the 11 th plan period Day 1 Instruction to Call DPC Meeting for envisioning, Stock taking, selection of thrust areas, fixing goals Day 10 DPC Meeting for Finalisation of Sectors and Goals Day 12 Communication to all Mandals and GPs Day 15&16 GP Level Consultation with stake Holders - Finalization of GP Plans and sending to Mandal Parishad Day 17 Conducting Gram Sabha Day 18&19 Preparation of Plan Day 20 GP Meeting and approval of the GP Plan

Contd. . Day 21&22 23&24 Consultations with Mandal Level Stake Holder committees by Mandal sub committees Day 25&26 and 27 Finalisation of Mandal Plans by consolidating all GP Plans and the Mandal Plan Day 28 Mandal Level General body meeting approval of the Mandal plan Day 30 Sending the Mandal Plan to ZP Day 36, 37 & 38 Meeting with district level stake holder committees with ZP Standing committee for finalization of District (Rural) plan Day 39 to 45 Consolidation of Mandal Plans and finalisation of District (Rural) Plan Day 50 & 51 ZP General Body Meeting Approval of District (Rural) Plans Day 52 to 60 Drafting of District Plans Day 61 & 62 Planning before DPC and approval of DPC Day 63 Sending to High Power Committee Day 70 & 75 Approval by High Power Committee and dispatch to GOI

GRAM PANCHAYAT LEVEL PLANNING Ward Member/ Ex. Elected Reps IDENTIFICATION OF CRITICAL GAPS IN THRUST AREAS AS IDENTIFIED BY DPC Education Committees HOLDING GRAM SABHA Mothers Committees PRE GRAM SABHA MEETING/ WARD SABHA VTDA/VSS Water Shed NETWORKING OF FELT NEEDS AND RESOURCES PRIORITISING FELT NEEDS WUA VO’s NGOs PLAN PREPARATION RMGs YOUTH GROUPS HOLDING GP MEETING ARTISAN GROUPS SC/ST/Disabled sections APPROVAL OF PLANS AND SUBMISSION TO MANDAL

MANDAL LEVEL PLANNING MPTCs SARPANCH’S MANDAL EDN. COMMITTEES CONSULTATIVE MEETING WITH STAKE HOLDERS MANDAL MAHILA SAMAKHYAS DISTRIBUTORY COMMITTEES CO-OPERATIVE SOCIETIES ARTISAN GROUPS OFFICIAL FUNCTIONARIES IDENTIFICATION OF CRITICAL GAPS IN THRUST AREAS AS IDENTIFIED IN DPC PRIORITISING FELT NEEDS TECHNICAL VETTING OF GP PLANS CONSOLIDATION OF GP PLANS NETWORKING OF FELT NEEDS FOR MANDAL AND RESOURCES MANDAL PLAN PREPARATION HOLDING MANDAL PARISHAD GENERAL BODY MEETING APPROVAL OF PLANS AND FORWARDING TO ZILLA PARISHAD

ZP (DISTRICT RURAL) LEVEL PLANNING MP/MLA/MLC IDENTIFICATION OF CRITICAL GAPS IN THRUST AREAS ZPTCs PRIORITISING FELT NEEDS MPPS CONSULTATIVE MEETING WITH STAKE HOLDERS DIST. EDN. COMMITTEES ZILLA MAHILA SAMAKHYAS PROJECT COMMITTEES TECHNICAL VETTING AND CONSOLIDATION OF MP PLANS NETWORKING OF FELT NEEDS FOR ZP AND RESOURCES ZP PLAN(DISTRICT RURAL) PREPARATION NGOS ARTISAN GROUPS OFFICIAL FUNCTIONARIES HOLDING ZP STANDING COMMITTEES 1&7 MEETING APPROVAL OF PLANS AND FORWARDING TO ZILLA PARISHAD

FUNCTIONAL CLASSIFICATION GP PLAN MP PLAN ZP PLAN Maintenance of Drinking Water Schemes/tanks School Building construction, Maintenance Construction of New ZP School Buildings Sanitation, ISLs, drain maintenance MI Tanks ZP Roads, Electricity Street Lighting/ Extn. of lines New Colonies Electrification CPWS Schemes Maintenance to GP Buildings Construction of new GP buildings MP Office Buildings Internal Roads Link Roads Shopping Complexes Manintenance of hostel buildings Hostel Buildings Construction of RLU/GP Building/Subcentres/Com munity Halls/Anganwadi Centre construction Construction of RLU/GPBuilding/Subcentr es/Community Halls/Anganwadi Centre construction Drinking water/Sanitation to existing AWCs/RLUs/ and Subcentres

CALAMITY FUND • Unforeseen circumstances like natural calamities. . . • Provision may be made in plan

What about Maintenance of Assets Created? ? ? Plan has to take care of this also.

GP Plan Ward Plan GP Plan Mandal Plan ULB Plan ZILLA PARISHAD Dist. Rural PLAN DPC HIGH POWER COMMITTEE Ward Plan

Chapterisation-Excutive summary ® Chapter 1: ®Location of Area, Year of constitution, access to capital ®Basic Data on population, density, socio economic indicators compared to state and national averages ®Data on PRI and ULBs ® NRM data, Rainfall, forests, minerals, water and soils ®Human Resources: working age group, level of unemployment, SHG particulars ®Infrastructure : Roads, railways, telecommunications, irrigation, credit facilities, hospitals, schools, colleges ®Vocational training institutions, research institutions ICAR etc ®Income and expenditure details for five years ®Special economic activities

Chapterisation-Executive summary ® Chapter 2: Diagnostic analysis identifying critical gaps ® 1. Strategic vision regarding listing historical legacies, traditions etc leading to backwardness ® 2. Identification of geographical areas requiring specific attention ® ® Chapter 3. ® Sector wise details –flow of funds to various schemes ® Chapter 4 ® Vision Chapter : Priorities, summary of thrust areas and outcomes to be achieved in 5 years ® Chapter 5 ® Abstract of GP/MP/ZP/MPl wise development plans addressing the priorities

DISTRICT PLAN PREPARATION DPC ENVISIONING GP PLAN MEET WITH VO/CBOS MP PLAN ZP PLAN ULB PLAN DPC STOCK TAKING MEET WITH MPTC/SARPANCH ALL CBOS MEET WITH ALL MLA MP/MLC/ZPTC/ & CBOS MEET WITH CBOS STOCK TAKING HOLIDING GRAM SABHA TECHNICAL VETTING OF ZP/ ULB PLANS TECHNICAL VETTING OF GP PLANS TECHNICAL VETTING OF MP PLANS HOLIDING WARD SABHA IDENTIFICATION OF THRUST AREAS PRIORITISATION OF FELT NEEDS PRIORITISATION OF NEEDS STOCK TAKING CONSOLIDATION OF GP/MPP/ZP/ ULB PLANS DISTRICT VISION FORMULATION PLAN PREPARATION PRIORITISATION OF NEEDS DRAFT PLAN FOR DISTRICT SUBMISSION TO MANDAL APPROVAL IN MPP GENERAL BODY MEETING 0 APPROVAL IN ZPP STANDING COMMITTEE 1&7 PLAN PREPARATION DISSEMINATION OF VISION APPROVAL IN GP MEETING CONSOLIDATION OF GP PLNAS & MANDAL OWN PLAN PREPARATION CONSOLIDATION OF MP PLNAS & ZPP OWN PLAN PREPARATION INTEGRATION WITH OTHER PLANS GOALS SETTING SUBMISSION TO ZPP APPROVAL IN ZPP GENERAL BODY MEETING SUBMISSION TO DPC APPROVAL IN COUNCIL MEETING SUBMISSION TO HIGH POWER COMMITTEE SUBMISSION TO DPC ADMINISTRATIVE SANCTION TO GP/MP/ZP/ULB PLANS

Concerns : Convergence of other department resources Inadequate capacity of planning / coordination • Attitude of PRIs – demanding prorata allocation • Majority assets created are stand alones • Maintaining assets • Disinterest of Bureaucracy and MLAs • Lack of Social Audit • Failure to Evaluate regularly • •

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