BIOLOGICAL TOILET SYSTEM ushering a revolution in

BIOLOGICAL TOILET SYSTEM. . ushering a revolution in Health, Hygiene & Sanitation. ( A Project of the Ministry of Science & Technology ) - A PRESENTATION BY STONE INDIA LTD. 16, TARATALA ROAD, KOLKATA. WB.

Transmission of Water Borne Disease through Faecal contact-the Vicious circle…. . PROPER SANITATION CHECKPOINT HEALTH CONSCIOUS HYGIENE

THE BIOLOGICAL DIGESTION PROCESS: HUMAN WASTES GO INTO THE SYSTEM PATENTED PURPOSE BUILT BIO DIGESTER TANK BIO DIGESTION PROCESS TAKES PLACE IN THE MULTI CHAMBERED BIO DIGESTER TANK WASTES CONVERTED PRIMARILY INTO WATER FLOWS INTO DISINFECTION CHAMBER AND IS DISINFECTED WATER DISCHARGED

TYPICAL BIO-DIGESTER TANK 11/24/12

ADVANTAGES OF AEROBIC BIOLOGICAL OVER ANAEROBIC BIOLOGICAL TOILETS : S. Aerobic Bio Toilets Anaerobic Bio Toilets 1 It uses Aerobic bacteria for bio digestion process which is freely available everywhere in nature It uses Anaerobic bacteria for bio digestion process which is available only in Antarctica 2 The digestion process does not generate methane gas. So, it is environment friendly. The digestion process generates large volumes of hazardous, foul smelling and inflammable methane gas, which is a green house gas. So, it is not environment friendly. 3 The digestion of the human wastes starts in 3 hours and is complete well within 24 hours. So, it is a fast process and requires a small retention tank. The digestion of the human wastes starts in 24 hours and takes over 3 days to complete. So, it is a long duration process and requires a large retention tank. 4 A small retention tank is required for digestion, nearly half in size of the anaerobic tank, so it is not an expensive process. A large retention tank is required for digestion, so it is an expensive process. 5 A small volume of bacteria is required (10 ml for 300 liter tank) for the bio digestion process. A large volume of bacteria is required (100 liters for 300 liter tank) for the bio digestion process. 6 The bio media is stored in spore form in suspended state, so the shelf life is 2 years and above. The bio media is mixed with cow dung solution in a vegetative state, so its shelf life is less than 6 months

STONE INDIA LIMITED An eight decade old multi-product engineering company , has developed BIOLOGICAL TOILET SYSTEM towards its contribution to its corporate social responsibility, after serving the Indian Railways for decades, and now leveraging its talented pool of technical resources, creativity and innovation, to save the planet with its green products. The R&D team has spent 35000 man hours in research to develop ENBIOLET™ by which human waste is completely digested by the bio-media present in the bio-digester tank and converted into non toxic water and gas, There is no chance of solid waste being discharged to the ground. This will revolutionise hygiene and sanitation in the country.

AEROBIC BIODEGRADATION MYTHS ACTUALS Forced aeration/Agitation is essential It does not requires any Forced aeration/ agitation as natural draft aeration is sufficient. Incomplete Aeration ( Partial aerobic condition ) leads to foul smell The waste is completely digested in presence of natural air leaving traces of CO 2 and neutral water Cannot tolerate detergents/phenyl Bacteria works even in presence of mild detergents and bio degradable substances Generates large amount of sludge Multi strain bacteria eats Proteins, Cellulites, Carbohydrates Fats and others resulting in complete digestion leaving behind only traces of CO 2 and neutral water Repeated addition of bacteria/enzyme is required for the process Being in spore form it has a shelf life of 3 to 4 years and is also fortified by enzymes. So the bacteria is long lasting and does not need repeated charging as long as optimum interval of defecation is maintained Maintenance and recurring cost is high Only periodic toilet pan cleaning has to be done as required, and no special maintenance is required on account of Aerobic Biological toilets 11/24/12

ANAEROBIC BIODEGRADATION MYTHS ACTUALS Works even in sub zero conditions No toilet can operate in sub zero conditions as in subzero the water freezes and bacteria becomes dead or dormant. So a water heater is required to keep the water from freezing in any case A net surplus energy is generated during anaerobic treatment The end product is Methane which is a green house gas and causes global warming and cannot be discharged into the environment Can degrade detergents/phenyl Cannot tolerate strong detergents/phenyle as bacteria is affected Generates very less amount of sludge Since the process of digestion is very slow and requires more than 24 hours for digestion, so in case of overuse incomplete digestion results in generation of a large amount of foul smelling sludge Onetime bacterial inoculation is enough Not true since the efficiency of the bio media deteriorates and life does not exceed 6 months Minimal Maintenance and no recurring cost No toilet in the world can sustain without regular cleaning of the toilet pan & maintenance, so anaerobic bio toilets require maintenance and recurring cost for cleaning just like any other toilet, further as Methane gas is produced so continuous deodorization and neutralization of discharge has to be done 11/24/12

DSIR SANCTION LETTER:

DSIR RECOMMENDATION LETTER:

UNIQUENESS OF BIO-TOILET Completely Environment & user Friendly, Odor free and does not produce any foul smell, Uses Natures’ products to clean human waste, Water positive solution & preserves ground water quality, Eliminates load on existing Sewerage System, Virtually maintenance free, Can be installed in any remote location , USING INNOVATION FOR A CLEANER TOMORROW

USP ü Uses Aerobic bacteria for bio digestion process. ü Does not produce any greenhouse gases, ü It is a fast process (completes within 24 hrs) and requires a small retention tank. ü The shelf life of bio-media is 2 years and above (stored in spore form in suspended state); ü A small volume of bacteria is required (10 ml for 300 liter tank) for the bio digestion process. ü No septic Tank/Sewage line required ü Much smaller footprints

RANGE OF BIOLOGICAL TOILETS: COMMUNITY BIO-TOILET- KERALA GANGA SAGAR FAIR COMMUNITY BIO-TOILETAt Construction sites in Urban areas VILLAGE HOME, KARNATAKA

RANGE OF BIOLOGICAL TOILETS: BIO TOILETS AT RAJARHAT, KOLKATA EXECUTIVE BIO TOILET AT RAJARHAT, KOLKATA MASAT VILLAGE, WEST BENGAL

BIOLOGICAL TOILETS INSTALLED IN UTTARAKHAND

SOCIAL IMPACT ACHIEVED SO FAR: • • More than 3000 MT of human waste treated of which otherwise would have clogged existing sewage systems. More than 60000 Liters of water conserved daily. More than 30000 people using toilets for the first time. Provided employment to more than 100 people. Eradicate infant Mortality. Promote Women Empowerment. Elimination of open defecation and manual scavenging.

TECHNOLOGY COMPARISON CONVENTIONAL VIS-À-VIS BIO-TOILET S No Biological Toilet System Septic Tank System 1. The wastes from the toilet are The wastes in the septic tank are digested by the bio media; not digested and it seeps into the resulting in neutral water and ground. gas. 2. A small tank is required as the A very large septic tank is wastes are digested and required, nearly 10 times the converted fully into water. volume of the Bio digester tank. 3. Less floor space required as the Bio digester tank is small in size. Large floor area required almost twice that of the Bio digester tank.

TECHNOLOGY COMPARISON CONVENTIONAL VIS-À-VIS BIO-TOILET S No Biological Toilet System 4. 5. 6. 7. Septic Tank System The Bio digester tank can be placed on the ground, so no digging or foundation required, so installation is fast. Septic tank requires excavation, cementing, curing, partitioning, etc. So, it is a labour intensive and time consuming process and installation is slow. Here the discharge is fully digested Here the untreated wastes seep into non toxic, neutral water, so the ground, which may result in ground environment is not polluted. water contamination leading to an epidemic. This system requires less This system requires periodic sludge maintenance and does not require removal which may lead to waste periodic sludge removal as the spillage on the ground resulting in wastes are converted into water. unhygienic conditions and diseases. The discharge water may be used for irrigation in fields. The discharge cannot be used for irrigation in fields as it contains pathogenic bacteria.

LIST OF THE MAJOR CUSTOMERS • WORLD VISION INDIA • LARSEN AND TOUBRO LIMITED • APM TERMINALS, MUMBAI • MANI GROUP, KOLKATA • INFOSYS FOUNDATION, KARNATAKA • SUCHITWA MISSION, KERALA • DEPARTMENT OF DRINKING WATER AND SANITATION, JHARKHAND • SHAPOORJI PALLONJI CONSTRUCTION LIMITED • JMC PROJECTS INDIA LIMITED • BCCL DHANBAD AND COAL INDIA SUBSIDIARIES • ROTARY INTERNATIONAL • GATES FOUNDATION, USA • ICCO CORPORATION, DHAKA • PUBLIC HEALTH ENGINEERING, GOVERNMENT OF WEST BENGAL • GOVERNMENT OF KERALA TOURISM • RITES CORPORATE CSR • SAVE ENTRUST EQUIP DISCIPLE SOCIETY • SOUTH CENTRAL RAILWAY