Biogas potential in Upper Silesia region in Poland

Biogas potential in Upper Silesia region in Poland. Examples of utilization. Michał Skrzypczak, MSc. Eng. VERT Energy Consulting Conference ENEF 2006 – Banska Bystrica (SK) – 7 -9. 11. 2006

The contents of the paper l Introduction l Biogas utilization in Poland l Biogas potential in Upper Silesia region l Examples of utilization: Żywiec, Ostrowiec Świętokrzyski

Introduction Biogas: flammable gas, which is produced as a result of methane fermentation, thanks to activity of methane bacteria. Organic compounds are changed into biogas and inorganic compounds in an oxygen-free environment.

Introduction Conditions that favor methane fermentation: l temp. ca. 30 – 35 OC (mesophile f. ) l neutral or slightly alkaline reaction (p. H 7. 0 – 7. 5) l period of detaining the substrate 12 – 36 days (mesophile f. ) l lack of light and oxygen

Introduction Biogas is a mixture of the following compounds: l CH 4: 40 – 85% (typical 55 – 65 %) l CO 2 l O 2, H 2 S, N 2, other: < 5 % Typical calorific value: 5. 5 – 6. 5 k. Wh/m 3 (19. 8 – 23. 3 MJ/m 3)

Introduction Typical biogas utilization: l as fuel for boilers (heat production) l as fuel for combustion engines (electric energy production, if heat recovery is performed also heat production) l after CO 2 separation, gas can be pressed into a gas grid (used in the same way as natural gas)

Introduction Three main ways of biogas production: l at sewage treatment plants: fermentation of sludge l at waste dumps: a natural process which accompanies waste storage l at agricultural farms: fermentation of animal and vegetable waste

Biogas utilization in Poland Biogas from sewage treatment plants: l > 22 objects l > 9. 2 MWel l > 11. 8 MWth

Biogas utilization in Poland Biogas from waste dumps: l > 32 objects l > 16. 0 MWel l > 7. 1 MWth

Biogas utilization in Poland Biogas from agricultural farms (and from food production industry): l < 10 objects l < 5. 0 MWel

Biogas potential in Upper Silesia 2004 – 2005: determining the renewable energy resources at nonindustrial areas of Upper Silesia region Silesian voivodship consist of 170 communes, 22 communes (the biggest cities) have been excluded from the project

Biogas potential in Upper Silesia Orderer was: The Board of Silesian Voivodship The project has been realized by: Polish Academy of Sciences, Mineral and Energy Economy Research Institute, Kraków The project has been financed by: The Voivodship Fund for Environmental Protection and Water Management in Katowice

Biogas potential in Upper Silesia Theoretical and technical potential of biogas: Theoretical potential has been assumed as maximum possible for gaining amount of power and energy from a certain source and certain area with total collecting the substance which is the source of biogas and with assuming lossless conversion of chemical energy into other effective forms of energy.

Biogas potential in Upper Silesia Theoretical and technical potential of biogas: Technical potential has been assumed as maximum possible for gaining amount of power and energy from a certain source and certain area with such collecting the substance which is the source of biogas which is possible in reality and with assuming efficiency of conversion of chemical energy into other effective forms of energy according to available devices.

Biogas potential in Upper Silesia Theoretical potential of biogas from sewage treatment plants: Data Population: 1, 960, 402 Amount of sewage: 73, 907, 155 m 3/yr. Results Amount of biogas: 14, 781, 429 m 3/yr. Total power: 10, 126 k. W Total energy: 319, 279 GJ

Biogas potential in Upper Silesia Technical potential of biogas from sewage treatment plants: Data Only 10 objects: > 5, 000 m 3/day Amount of sewage: 36, 938, 000 m 3/yr. hel = 35 % @ 100 % util. hth = 55 % @ 30 % util. Results Amount of biogas: 2, 955, 040 m 3/yr. Total power: 1, 821 k. W El. energy: 6, 206 MWh/yr. Heat: 10, 531 GJ/yr.

Biogas potential in Upper Silesia Theoretical potential of biogas from waste dumps: Data Population: 1, 960, 402 Amount of waste: 594, 002 Mg/yr. Results Amount of biogas: 145, 530, 443 m 3/yr. Total power: 83, 063 k. W Total energy: 2, 619, 548 GJ

Biogas potential in Upper Silesia Technical potential of biogas from waste dumps: Data Only 8 objects: > 50 Mg/day Amount of waste: 669, 775 Mg/yr. hel = 35 % @ 100 % util. hth = 55 % @ 30 % util. Results Amount of biogas: 11, 721, 063 m 3/yr. Total power: 6, 022 k. W El. energy: 20, 511 MWh/yr. Heat: 34, 812 GJ/yr.

Biogas potential in Upper Silesia Theoretical potential of biogas from animal farms: Data Cattle population: 142, 644 Pigs population: 393, 482 Poultry population: 12, 141, 284 Results Amount of biogas: 143, 962, 516 m 3/yr. Total power: 106, 822 k. W Total energy: 3, 368, 721 GJ

Biogas potential in Upper Silesia Technical potential of biogas from animal farms: Data Only big objects: > 100 cows (8. 6 %) > 500 pigs (13. 5 %) > 50, 000 hens (68. 8 %) hel = 35 % @ 100 % util. hth = 55 % @ 30 % util. Results Amount of biogas: 33, 714, 807 m 3/yr. Total power: 22, 516 k. W El. energy: 76, 701 MWh/yr. Heat: 130, 174 GJ/yr.

Examples of utilization Żywiec Population: 32, 199 Area: 50. 57 km 2 Ostrowiec Św. Population: 74, 198 Area: 46. 41 km 2

Examples of utilization

Examples of utilization Sewage treatment plant in Żywiec:

Examples of utilization Sewage treatment plant in Ostrowiec Św. :

Examples of utilization Żywiec CHP unit: Viessmann Vitobloc FG 114 Pel = 114 k. W, h = 34. 0 % Pth = 186 k. W, h = 55. 5 % Date of starting: 12. 2001 Cost of investment: 620, 000 PLN + VAT (160, 000 €) Ostrowiec Św. CHP unit: Viessmann Vitobloc FG 180 Pel = 180 k. W, h = 35. 0 % Pth = 270 k. W, h = 52. 4 % Date of starting: 09. 2004 Cost of investment: 1, 200, 000 PLN + VAT (310, 000 €)

Examples of utilization Amount of sewage Żywiec 2003: 4, 856, 423 m 3 2004: 5, 118, 321 m 3 2005: 5, 178, 258 m 3 average: 13, 840 m 3/day Ostrowiec Św. 2005: 4, 872, 704 m 3 average: 13, 350 m 3/day

Examples of utilization Amount of biogas Żywiec Ostrowiec Św. 2003: 428, 814 m 3 2004: 516, 539 m 3 2005: 479, 556 m 3 average: 54. 2 m 3/h 2005: 744, 388 m 3 average: 85. 0 m 3/h Average calorific value: 23. 5 MJ/m 3 Average calorific value: 22. 7 MJ/m 3

Examples of utilization CHP worktime Żywiec 2003: 7, 500 h (85. 6 %) 2004: 8, 285 h (94. 6 %) 2005: 7, 930 h (90. 5 %) average: 7, 905 h (90. 2 %) Ostrowiec Św. 2005: no data available

Examples of utilization CHP load Żywiec 2003: 84. 7 % 2004: 72. 3 % 2005: 83. 0 % approx. 80. 0 % Ostrowiec Św. 2005: 71. 8 % (together with CHP worktime)

Examples of utilization El. energy produced by CHP / Total el. energy used Żywiec 2003: 24. 6 % 2004: 23. 6 % 2005: 26. 8 % average: 25. 0 % Ostrowiec Św. 2005: 44. 7 %

Examples of utilization Heat produced by CHP / Total heat used Żywiec 2003: 73. 5 % 2004: 80. 2 % 2005: 72. 7 % average: 75. 5 % Ostrowiec Św. 2005: no data available

Examples of utilization Income from selling el. energy from RES in Poland: 0. 12 PLN/k. Wh (selling energy to local distributor, price fixed once a year) average 0. 30 PLN/k. Wh (0. 077 €/k. Wh, 2. 82 SKK/k. Wh) 0. 14 – 0. 21 PLN/k. Wh (selling certificate of origin energy from RES at stock or free market, maximum possible price is 0. 24 PLN/k. Wh)

Thank you for your attention! VERT Energy Consulting Bielsko-Biała, Poland e-mail: web-site: biuro@skrzypczak. pl www. skrzypczak. pl The company deals with problems of: l reducing energy consumption l reducing costs of energy purchase and production l using Renewable Energy Sources