Belgrade 6 December- The Overview of Data Availability

Belgrade 6 December- The Overview of Data Availability: WB & Turkey

WHAT IS THE ETF? Agency of the European Union § Vision To make vocational education and training in the partner countries a driver for lifelong learning and sustainable development, with a special focus on competitiveness and social cohesion. § Mission To help transition and developing countries to harness the potential of their human capital through the reform of education, training and labour market systems in the context of the EU’s external relations policy.

Potential candidate countries: Albania, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Kosovo (UNSCR 1244/1999), Serbia European Neighbourhood and Partnership Instrument countries ENP South: Algeria, Egypt, Jordan, Lebanon, Libya, Morocco, Occupied Palestinian Territory, Syria, Tunisia and Israel ENP East: Armenia, Azerbaijan, Belarus, Georgia, Republic of Moldova, Ukraine and Russia

STRUCTURE 1. The assessment of data availability for Torino Process 2010 2. Data availability for Torino Process 2012 (the assessment of countries’ feedbacks) 3. Conclusion

Torino Process Key Indicator Manual. What’s this manual about? Practical guide: It provides tools & ideas on how to use indicators in a national policy-making context Starting point: -What are our policy objectives? -How can our policy objectives be converted into indicators? vthe analytical process: definition, calculation and analysis of indicators vcharacteristics of indicators 5 levels of breakdown vpresentation tools and consistency of results vpossible sources

EU developments Strategy: Europe 2020 (“smart, sustainable and inclusive Europe”) and Integrated Guidelines for the economic and employment policies of Member States § Guidelines 7 -10: increasing labour market participation and reducing structural unemployment; skilled workforce, job quality and LLL; improving performance of education and training systems; promoting social inclusion and reducing poverty § April 2012 Employment Package § Education and Training 2020 § New financing instruments 2014 -2020: 'Education Europe‘ - integrated programme of € 15. 2 billion for education, training and youth with focus on skills and mobility; ‘Creative Europe’ € 1. 6 billion § European Social Fund IPA Comp. IV HRD for candidate countries 6

Western Balkans and Turkey and EU benchmarks on education 2011 EU 27 EU 2020 objectives AL BH ME RS HR MK TR Early school leavers – % of 18 -24 with at most lower secondary education and not in further education or training 13. 5 10% 39 (08) 65. 1 (07) 15. 5 (m) 9. 2 (f) (09) 8. 5 4. 1 (u) 13. 5 41. 9 Tertiary educational attainment – % of 30 -34 who have successfully completed university or university-like education 34. 6 40% 17. 2 (08) 24. 5 20. 4 16. 3 Lifelong learning - % of 25 -64 participating in education and training 8. 9 15% 2. 0 (09) 0. 1 4. 3 2. 3 3. 4 2. 9 Four-year-olds in education - Participation rate (%) - (2010) 90. 8 at least 95% 52. 7 12. 2 30. 9 52. 3 57. 0 24. 0 16. 5 19. 6 (1) less than 15% 56. 6 49. 5 32. 9 22. 5 24. 5 % of pupils with low performance in the reading scale (Level 1 or below) - (2009) Sources Early school leavers - EU 27, RS, HR, MK, and TR: Eurostat; AL: LFS; BH: UNDP, "National Human Development Report 2007"; ME: UNDP, "National Human Development Report 2009" Tertiary educational attainment (30 -34) - EU 27, HR, MK, and TR: Eurostat; AL: LFS. Lifelong learning - EU 27, HR, MK, and TR: Eurostat; AL, ME and RS: LFS Four-year-olds in education - EU 27, HR, MK, and TR: Eurostat; AL, ME and RS: UNESCO Pupils' performance in reading: OECD, "PISA 2009 Results": ; EU average refers to the 25 EU countries participating to PISA 2009

Western Balkans and Turkey and EU benchmarks on education 2011 Employment rate (20 -64) Employment rate (15 -64) Female employment rate (15 -64) Employment rate of older workers (5564) Employment in agriculture (% of total) (1) Unemployment rate (15+) Female unemployment rate (15+) Youth unemployment rate (15 -24) Unemployment rate of the elder workforce (55 -64) Total long-term unemployment rate (%) (2) EU 27 EU 2020 objectives AL 2009 BH KS* 2009 ME RS HR MK TR 68. 2 75% 60. 4 44. 9 (25 -64) 54. 4 (25 -64) 49. 3 57 48. 4 52. 2 64. 3 53. 4 38. 7 26. 1 45. 9 45. 4 52. 4 43. 9 48. 4 58. 5 43. 6 28. 7 12. 5 40. 7 38. 3 47. 0 35. 3 27. 8 47. 4 48. 9 33. 6 (50 -64) 27. 9 35. 6 31. 4 37. 1 35. 4 31. 4 4. 6 44. 1 19. 6 6. 2 10. 9 (15+) 18. 5 12. 9 18. 1 22. 8 9. 6 13. 8 27. 6 45. 4 (15 -64) 19. 7 23. 0 13. 5 31. 4 8. 8 9. 6 15. 9 39. 9 56. 4 (15 -64) 20. 0 23. 7 13. 2 30. 8 10. 1 21. 3 27. 2 57. 9 73. 0 37. 1 42. 4 36. 1 55. 3 16. 7 6. 8 7. 7 18. 6 (50 -64) 25. 9 12. 1 18. 9 8. 5 28. 2 4. 3 4. 1 9. 1 22. 3 36. 8 15. 7 16. 9(3) 8. 6 25. 9 2. 1 Sources: EU-27, Croatia, Macedonia and Turkey: Eurostat Databases; Albania, Bosnia, Kosovo, Montenegro and Serbia: LFS publications Notes: (1) Agriculture, forestry and fishing (age group 15 -64) (2) Long-term unemployed (12 months and more) as a percentage of the total active population (15+); KS estimated on LFS data; Source for AL: National Institute of Statistics (3) ETF estimation on LFS data *Data coming from EC Progress Reports May 2012

Which sources do we refer to? Sources for educational, demographic and financial data: v Surveys v Censuses v Administrative databases v Reports These data may come from: v Ministry of Education v Ministry of Finance 9 v National Statistical Offices v International Sources

State of the art Details of the coverage of the data collected for the Torino Process key indicators 2010 and 2012 Overview of problems and recommendations regarding data availability, classification 10 multiplicity, and regional diversities

DATA COLLECTION – TORINO PROCESS 2010 Extended list of indicators ↓ ETF gathered the data in the following order: 1. International sources (UNESCO, World Bank, …) 2. National (publicly available) sources (LFS, educational data, …) 3. Requests to countries

DATA COLLECTION – TORINO PROCESS 2010 3 groups of indicators: • Data on labour market performance (incl. administrative data from public employment services) • Education data (with special focus on VET) • Socio-economic data and international indexes

DATA COLLECTION – TORINO PROCESS 2010 We can distinguish between 3 levels of precision: • • • Exact indicators Partial indicators Proxy indicators

Table 1. Coverage of indicators in WB&T – LABOUR MARKET Indicator By AL BA HR XK* MK Gender ACTIVITY RATE Age Education Gender EMPLOYMENT RATE Age Education Gender UNEMPLOYMENT RATE Age Education Green = indicator available; Yellow = proxy/partial indicator available; Red = missing data. ME RS TR

Table 2. Coverage of indicators in WB&T – PUBLIC EMPLOYMENT SERVICES Indicator By AL BA HR XK* MK EXPENDITURE ON ALMPs as % of GDP % of REGISTERED UNEMPLOYED COVERED BY ALMPs Gender REGISTERED UNEMPLOYED POPULATION Age Education NUMBER OF STAFF IN PESs NUMBER OF VACANCIES Green = indicator available; Yellow = proxy/partial indicator available; Red = missing data. ME RS TR

Table 3. Coverage of indicators in WB&T – EDUCATION: ATTAINMENT AND ENROLMENT Indicator By AL BA HR XK* MK Gender and Age Rural/Urban settlement EDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENT Income groups Gender LITERACY RATE PARTICIPATION IN LIFELONG LEARNING Educational level Gender N. OF STUDENTS/PUPILS ENROLLED BY EDUCATIONAL LEVEL, PROGRAMME AND GENDER PRIVATE EDUCATION AS % OF TOTAL BY EDUCATIONAL LEVEL/PROGRAMME GROSS ENROLMENT RATES Educational level and gender Educational programme Green = indicator available; Yellow = proxy/partial indicator available; Red = missing data. ME RS TR

Table 3. Coverage of indicators in WB&T – EDUCATION: ATTAINMENT AND ENROLMENT Indicator AL BA HR XK* MK PARTICIPATION IN VET IN % BY FIELD OF STUDY % OF APPRENTICES IN THE VET SYSTEM BY GENDER AND EDUCATIONAL LEVEL DROP-OUT RATES IN UPPER SECONDARY BY PROGRAMME AND BY GENDER GROSS COMPLETION RATE BY EDUCATIONAL LEVEL AND PROGRAMME % OF VET PUPILS WHO CONTINUE TO HIGHER LEVELS OF EDUCATION GRADUATES IN MATHEMATICS, SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY AS % OF TOTAL GRADUATES Green = indicator available; Yellow = proxy/partial indicator available; Red = missing data. ME RS TR

Table 4. Coverage of indicators in WB&T – EDUCATION: EXPENDITURE AND TEACHERS Indicator PUBLIC EXPENDITURE ON EDUCATION BY EDUCATIONAL LEVEL AND PROGRAMME As AL BA HR XK* MK % of GDP % of Public Expenditure % of Total educational expenditure COST FOR PUPIL BY PROGRAMME IN ISCED 3 STUDENT/TEACHER RATIOS BY EDUCATIONAL LEVEL AND PROGRAMME SHARE OF TEACHERS IN TEACHER TRAINING PER YEAR BY GENDER (%) TEACHER SALARIES AS % OF AVERAGE WAGE Green = indicator available; Yellow = proxy/partial indicator available; Red = missing data. ME RS TR

Table 5. Coverage of indicators in WB&T – SOCIOECONOMIC CONTEXT Indicator AL BA HR XK* MK GDP BY ECONOMIC SECTOR (%) GDP PER CAPITA in PPP DEPENDENCY RATES (%) MEAN SCORE OF STUDENT PERFORMANCE ON THE READING SCALE (PISA) HUMAN DEVELOPMENT INDEX GLOBAL COMPETITIVENESS INDEX DOING BUSINESS INDEX Green = indicator available; Yellow = proxy/partial indicator available; Red = missing data. ME RS TR

DATA COLLECTION – TORINO PROCESS 2010 • High data coverage in case of labour market and socio-economic indicators • Gaps in case of education data - especially VET and adult learning • Comparability issues raised a) the reference population used in the case of labour market indicators b) the compliance of education levels with ISCED classification

TORINO PROCESS 2012 – STATISTICAL COMPONENT Goals: • To collect a restricted list of indicators with basic data on labour market, education and socioeconomic context; • To reflect the ‘real’ data availability and gaps; • To reflect on ‘how’ to overcome the gaps and enhance mutual learning and cooperation.

TORINO PROCESS 2012 – FEEDBACK FROM COUNTRIES – OSNIA AND B HERZEGOVINA STRONG POINTS • During TP 2010 and 2012 data collections, detailed and updated data on labour market were found. OPPORTUNITIES • According to the country feedback - education data available from the Agency of Statistics (incl. drop out rates, no. of VET students continuing to higher levels of education etc. )

TORINO PROCESS 2012 – FEEDBACK FROM COUNTRIES – URKEY T STRONG POINTS • During TP 2010 and 2012 data collections, detailed data on both education and labour market found (no significant gaps). • The data availability overview received from the country confirms such a panorama.

TORINO PROCESS 2012 – FEEDBACK FROM COUNTRIES – ERBIA S STRONG POINTS • During TP 2010 and 2012 data collections, we obtained a quite good coverage of data for both education and labour market (no significant gaps). • Data availability received from the country confirms such a panorama. According to the country feedback: • LM data are often available also by education level; • there a lot of data for education; • data are updated (usually they refer to 2010).

TORINO PROCESS 2012 – FEEDBACK FROM COUNTRIES – ROATIA C STRONG POINTS • During TP 2010 and 2012 data collections, detailed data on labour market indicators found, while some gaps for education data were identified. OPPORTUNITIES • According to the country feedback - education data available from the Ministry of Science, Education and Sports (incl. drop out rates, early school leavers, no. of VET students, expenditure on education etc. )

TORINO PROCESS 2012 – FEEDBACK FROM COUNTRIES – LBANIA A STRONG POINTS • During the TP 2010 and 2012 data collections, detailed, but not updated, information on labour market and socio-demographic characteristics were found. • Education data available (i. e. expenditure on education), although some gaps were identified.

CONCLUSION • More data available than reflected in Torino Process 2010, especially in the field of education; • Gaps still exist – especially for detailed data on VET and adult education; • Sometimes, data are not regularly updated; • Comparability issues – different education classifications are used.

CONCLUSION – REMAINING QUESTIONS • How to improve the data availability? • How can the education data which exist in the countries be better used? • How to improve the data sharing among institutions? • How to learn from each other and cooperate with regard to the data availability?

Next Steps ETF is now engaged in dialogues with all of its partner countries on how national evidence bases can be bases strengthened and better used for policy making. The manual is intended as an introduction to indicators and provides a general overview of their use. We are here to learn from te discussions of country 29 examples

Thank you for your attention! 30