
0b4a8657e412922cd72566b0916c8d75.ppt
- Количество слайдов: 48
Baseload Electricity quantify, address, manage 3) Gathering information & understanding Presenter Todd Hoener, LEED accredited professional End-use energy specialist Renewable energy program administrator Certified home energy rater & Light commercial energy auditor Golden Valley Electric Association Fairbanks, Alaska 907 451 5607 w tmhoener@gmail. com
Review • Volt (E) = watt(P) divided by amp(I) § (E = P / I) • Amp (ampere) (I) = watt(P) divided by volt(E) § (I = P / E ) • Watt (P) = volt (E) multiplied by amp(I) § (P = E * I )
Kilowatt-hour • • • Basic electric power unit = watt One kilowatt (k. W)= 1, 000 watts Meter records consumption period in kilowatts used = kilowatt-hours (k. Wh) (k. W) X (time, in hours) = k. Wh People use & purchase k. Whs (k. Wh X $/k. Wh = $$$ owed electric utility)
Kilowatt-hour (k. Wh) costs Example – An appliance name plate states “ 1, 400 watts” (e. g. electric space heater): • 1, 400 watts ÷ 1, 000 watts (1 k. W) = 1. 4 k. W • (1. 4 k. W) X 2 hours per morning = 2. 8 k. W-hours • 2. 8 k. Wh X $0. 11 (price of electricity per k. Wh)=$
National electric use National annual average k. Wh use • 11, 040 k. Wh per year (2008) National daily average k. Wh use • 30. 2 k. Wh per day (US DOE EIA)
Baseload usage • • • Minimum amount of electric power delivered, or required, over given period of time at somewhat steady rate (~ 10% fluctuation) Electricity used to operate house, minus heating & cooling (seasonal peaks sitting on top of baseload) Controlled by efficiency, behavior & education
Baseload daily average
Determining electricity end use l l l Nameplates & measuring Monitoring, data logging, load profiling Whole house, individual devices The house meter as a tool Watching & record keeping
Nameplate information l l Lamp 30 w
Nameplate information 6. 5 amps “about” (because it’s a motor) 6. 5 X 120 V = 780 w 780/1000 =. 78 k. W X 2 hours on = 1. 6 k. Wh X $0. 11 / k. Wh = $0. 18 cost 12
Nameplate information 25 watts 25/1000=. 025 k. W 5 hours on =0. 125 k. Wh X $0. 11 / k. Wh $0. 014 cost
Nameplate information 4500 watts 4500/1000 = 4. 5 k. W 4 hours on = 18 k. Wh X $0. 11 / k. Wh $1. 98 cost
Monitoring tools Some tools Meter Monitor Recording
Residential house meters l “Turtle” automatic meter reading meters l Could be configured “Smart”
Residential house meters Three types typical residential meters l Meter measures usage, k. Whs l Difference between prior & present readings = k. Wh used & purchased l
Residential house meters l Electronic, solid state l Potential “smart”
Residential house meters l Mechanical l Dial type
Residential house meters l l Mechanical Digital type
Demand meters l Demand meter
Meter info downstream l Gatherers
Meter info downstream l Downloaders
Daily electricity use log: 12 days
24 -hr profile from “smart” meter
A word about meter accuracy
Whole house monitoring tools Energy Usage Monitor (EML) • Measures k. Whs • Measures k. W load • Displays time monitored • Projects costs • Connects 120 V or 240 V) • Cost: ~ $ 295
Monitoring baseload Electric usage monitor low household baseload 232 watts / 1000 watts =. 232 k. W X 24 hours = 5. 6 k. Wh per day (potential)
Monitoring peak load Electric usage monitor higher household baseload electric water heater load on (water heater timer on) 97. 7 k. Whs, if left on 24 hrs
Monitoring electricity use l Home monitoring
Whole house electricity use l l TED The Energy Detective
Whole house monitoring l Installing TED
Whole house monitoring l Installing TED
Whole house monitoring l Installing TED
Whole house monitoring l Reading TED l Monitor l 0. 550 k. W
Whole house monitoring l Reading TED l Computer dashboard l 0. 550 k. W
Whole house monitoring l Reading TED l Computer dashboard l 0. 740 k. W
Whole house monitoring l Reading TED l Computer dashboard l 0. 930 k. W
Whole house monitoring Reading TED Daily (24 hour) k. Wh log l 13 days l l
Whole house monitoring tools l Blue Line’s Power Cost Monitor l Measures k. Wh l Displays k. W l Measures time l Projects costs l Temperature
Single device monitoring tools l l P 3 International KILL-A-WATT Measures k. Wh Measures time Vs, As, Ws, PF
Kinda cool: Kill. AWatt PS Assesses efficiency l Built-in surge protection Monitors voltage, line frequency, amperage, k. Wh, current “leakage” l l
Device monitoring l l Watts up? PRO Monitoring the laptop l 23. 4 w
Device monitoring l l Watts up? PRO Screen display l Daily log l 4 days
Daily electricity use log: 2 months
Charting daily log for trends
Section points Measuring, monitoring, record keeping, data logging l More about usage than money l Can reveals irregularities, anomalies, & provides clues l Saving energy or increasing energy? l Spotting unusual patterns & trends l Helps identify billing or meter errors l Tells whether efforts are succeeding
0b4a8657e412922cd72566b0916c8d75.ppt