Bank Reconciliation Statement
The Bank Reconciliation Statement is a statement prepared periodically to reconcile the difference, if any, between balance shown in bank column of the cash book and bank passbook/ statement on a particular date.
Bank Reconciliation Statement (BRS) BRS Is a statement When Prepared? Purpose? Periodically, (preferably once at month end) To reconcile What? The difference Between what? The balance of the bank column of the cash book with passbook balanced on a particular date
The purpose of the bank reconciliation statement n n Due to the timing difference, omissions and errors made by the bank or the firm itself, the balances of the bank statement and the bank account in the cash book rarely agree. Bank reconciliation statements can be used to explain the reasons for the differences and to identify errors and omissions in both documents, so that corrections can be made as soon as possible.
Purpose of BRS n n n Drawn to reconcile the bank balance as per cash book with bank pass book on a particular date Helps in detecting any errors in recording a transaction and ascertaining the correct bank balance Prepared on a monthly basis Separate BRS for each bank account BRS should be reviewed and signed by the CDPO/ DPO Outstanding entries should be followed up
Reasons for differences between the cash book balance and the bank statement balance 1. Uncredited items They are deposits paid into the bank. These items occurred too close to the cut-off date of the bank statement and so do not appear on the statement. They will appear on the next statement. These transactions are shown in the cash book but do not appear in the bank statement
2. Unpresented cheques They are cheques issued by the office that have not yet been presented to its bank for payment. 3. Standing orders They are standing instructions from the office to the bank to make regular payments. 4. Direct debits They are payments made directly through the bank. 5. Bank charges They are charges made by the bank to the company for banking services used.
6. Dishonoured cheques They are cheques deposited but subsequently returned by the bank due to the failure of the drawer to pay. 7. Credit transfers / direct credits They are money received from customers directly through the banking system. 8. Interest allowed by the bank They are interest received for deposits or fixed deposits.
Drawing up a Bank Reconciliation Statement Three steps: 1. Check the bank statement and the cash book to identify the items which have been omitted. 2. Update the cash book with any omissions and errors made by the firm itself. e. g. Credit transfers (debit cash book) Bank interest (debit cash book) Standing orders / direct debits (credit cash book) Bank charges (credit cash book) Dishonored cheques (credit cash book) 3. Prepare the bank reconciliation statement
Drawing up a Bank Reconciliation Statement Steps to reconcile the bank statement Check the bank statement and the cash book to see the items which have been omitted. Update the cash book with any omissions and errors made by the office. Prepare the bank reconciliation statement.
Drawing up BRS n n Commences with bank balance as per cash book Add: n n n Cheques issued by us but not presented to bank Interest allowed by bank Amount directly deposited in our account by party Any amount collected by bank on our behalf Cheque deposited but omitted in cashbook (mistake) Wrong credit given by bank
Drawing up BRS § Less: § Cheques deposited in bank but dishonored § Amount paid by bank on standing § § § instructions (loan repayment, insurance premium) Bank Charges Cheque issued but omitted in cashbook (mistake) Wrong debit given by bank
Bank Reconciliation Statement as on ………… Details Debit Balance as per Cash Book ADD: Cheque issued but not presented in bank for payment Interest allowed by bank but not entered in Cash Book Amount directly deposited in our bank a/c by anyone Interest or dividends collected by bank Cheque deposited in bank but not entered in Cash Book due to error Any wrong credit given by the bank LESS: Cheque deposited in bank but dishonored Direct payment made by bank on our instructions, EMI Bank Charges Cheque issued but not entered in Cash Book due to error Any wrong debit given by the bank Credit Balance as per Bank Statement/ Pass book Amount
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