AVIATION SYSTEM CAPACITY PROGRAM Dr J Victor Lebacqz

AVIATION SYSTEM CAPACITY PROGRAM Dr. J. Victor Lebacqz Director, Aviation System Capacity & Aerospace Operations Systems Programs NASA 14 December 1999 www. asc. nasa. gov www. aos. nasa. gov J. V. Lebacqz NASA

NASA Strategic Enterprises NASA Enterprises Ultimate Resource Provider Primary Customers Ultimate Beneficiary Space Science The Public Science and Education Communities Technology Innovators Mission to Planet Earth Science, Commercial, and Education Communities Policy Makers Human Exploration and Development of Space The Public Science and Education Communities Commercial Sectors Administration and Congress Aero- Space Technology Aerospace and Nonaerospace Industries Other U. S. Government Agencies Decision Makers Crosscutting Processes Manage Strategically Provide Aerospace Products and Capabilities Generate Knowledge Communicate Knowledge J. V. Lebacqz NASA

OAT Enterprise “ 3 Pillars” • Global Civil Aviation – Five stretch goals • Revolutionary Technology Leaps – Three stretch goals • Access to Space – Two stretch goals J. V. Lebacqz NASA

Five Goals for Global Civil Aviation Reduce the aircraft accident rate by a factor of five within 10 years, and by a factor of 10 within 20 years. While maintaining safety, triple the aviation system throughput, in all weather conditions, within 10 years Reduce the perceived noise levels of future aircraft by a factor of 2 within 10 years, and by 4 within 20 years Reduce emissions of future aircraft by a factor of 3 within 10 years, and by 5 within 20 years Reduce the cost of air travel by 25% within 10 years, and by 50% within 20 years J. V. Lebacqz NASA

Delay Growth and Mitigation System efficiency as measured by average delay in NAS Predicted delay growth due to 2. 3% annualized growth in air traffic (FAA, NASA, Boeing consistent) Airline Schedule Integrity Lost if Average Delay > 4 Mins 2007 Goal “Free Flight - Preserving Airline Opportunity”, Capt. Russell G. Chew, American Airlines, September 22, 1997 J. V. Lebacqz NASA

Benefits: Goal 4: Aviation System Throughput • Enable significant improvements to critical transportation infrastructure • Assure safe, reduced delay flight as air traffic density increases • Improve mobility for public • Improve air-traveler’s time productivity While maintaining safety, triple the Aviation System throughput, in all weather conditions, within 10 years CHALLENGES 1997 OUTCOMES 2000 2005 2010 2015 2007 Safe, efficient air traffic management with allweather operation beyond current clearweather capacity FAA NAS Architecture Terminal Area Productivity Phase III Extended Operations Systems Technology for Advanced Operational Concepts Advanced Air Transportation Technologies Aviation Safety Program Phase II Integration of Intelligent Aviation Systems Information Technology & Aerospace Operation Systems Aircraft Configuration Short-Haul Civil Tilt Rotor 2 Industry /FAA Industry/Do. D/FAA Advanced Runway Independent Vehicle Systems Revolutionary High Productivity Vehicle Systems Intermodal Operations Demo Rotorcraft, Airframe Systems & Propulsion Systems 2025 2022 Operations Systems Phase I 2020 Real-time, distributed intelligent automated aviation system-wide monitoring with safety and operational advisories Expanded, high productivity utilization of short-runway and runway independent aircraft within an expanded NAS High productivity, weather tolerant vehicle systems with intermodal operations capability Base R&T Program Other Agencie, Industrys Systems Tech. Program; Planned and Funded Systems Tech. Program, Required but Unfunded

OAT Aeronautics Programs Structure Center: ARC DFRC La. RC Le. RC Mission: Aviation Ops Systems Astrobiology Flt Rsrch Airframe Sys Atmos Science Aeropropulsion COE: Info Tech Atmos Flt Ops Structures & Materials Turbomachinery WTs & Aero, Aerothermo Facilities / Struct Test Facilities Propulsion Facilities Airborne Systems Turbomachinery & Combustion Facility Group Lead: Aircraft & Simulators Scientific & Engineering Flight Facilities Computational Facilities Programs/ Lead Centers Human Factors Competency Group Areas: Exp Aircraft Flight Research Air Traffic Management Test Bed A/C Research & Ops Structures & Materials Inlets, Nozzles & Mechanical Engine Components Information System Techs RPV Research & Ops Aerodynamics Propulsion Mats & Structs Rotorcraft & VSTOL Techs Flight Test Tech & Instrument Mission / Sys Analysis Hybrid Propulsion Crew Station Design & Integ Propulsion Support Tech Hypersonic Technologies Icing Technologies ISE / La. RC Safety / La. RC HPCC / ARC Capacity / ARC Aero Veh Sys/La. RC Prop Sys/Le. RC Flt Rsrch/DFRC Av Ops Sys/ARC Info Tech/ARC Rotorcraft/ARC J. V. Lebacqz NASA

ASC GOALS AND OBJECTIVES GOAL Safely enable major increases in the capacity & productivity of the NAS through development of revolutionary operations systems & vehicle concepts OBJECTIVES • Improve NAS capacity, efficiency and access • Improve collaboration, predictability and flexibility for the NAS users. • Maintain system safety & minimize environmental effects • Develop vehicle concepts & technologies for runway-independent operations • Develop, validate & transfer advanced concepts, technologies & procedures to the customer community J. V. Lebacqz NASA

ASC PROGRAM ELEMENTS ASC Project Goals Short-Haul Civil Tilt-Rotor (SHCT) Develop the most critical technologies to enable a civil tilt-rotor: • reducing perceived noise 12 d. B • enabling safe terminal area operations • enabling OEI operation Terminal Area Productivity (TAP) Safely achieve clear-weather airport capacity in instrument-weather conditions: • increasingle runway throughput 12 to 15% • reducing lateral spacing below 3400 feet on parallel runways Advanced Air Transportation Technologies (AATT) In alliance with the FAA, enable next generation of increases in capacity, flexibility and efficiency, while maintaining safety, of aircraft operations within the US and global airspace system: • increasing terminal throughput 40% • increasing enroute throughput 20% J. V. Lebacqz NASA

BUDGET BY CENTER J. V. Lebacqz NASA

FAA/NASA Partnership • Strong Joint Program with Federal Aviation Administration • Based upon 8 MOU’s and MOA’s - listed in PCA • Administrators of NASA and FAA signed pioneering MOU in 9/95 – Formation of Inter-Agency Integrated Product Team (IAIPT) – Executive Steering Committee from Aviation Community • NASA and FAA Administrators sign Agreement re “Partnership to Achieve Goals in Aviation and Future Space Transportation” • FAA/NASA Executive Committee meets quarterly - Assoc. Admin level • National Plan for ATM Research Developed - approved by AA’s: • Version 1. 0 in September 1996; Version 3. 0 in March 1999 • Final IG Report on review of AATT Project released in June 99. – Acknowledged NASA’s positive relationship with FAA and industry due to the Interagency Product Team, the Executive Steering Committee, and the FAA/NASA Executive Committee. – IG review resulted in no Findings or Recommendations. • Short-Haul Civil Tilt-rotor also conducted under aegis of NASA/FAA MOA J. V. Lebacqz NASA

ALLIANCES FAA NASA Aviation System Capacity (ASC) Advanced Air Transportation Technologies (AATT) Terminal Area Productivity (TAP) NASA/FAA Inter-Agency Integrated Product Team (IAIPT) Advisory Groups • • ATM R&D Exec. Steering Committee Rotorcraft ASTAC Goals ASTAC SHCT Steering Committee Participation with Customers Short-Haul Civil Tilt-rotor (SHCT) • RTCA: • Free Flight Steering Committee • Free Flight Select Committee • 2003 -2005 Capabilities Working Group • Program Management Committee • AIAA, AHS, SAE, ATA • FAA/EUROCONTROL R&D Committee J. V. Lebacqz NASA

Aircraft Configuration Examples: Short-Haul Civil Tiltrotor(SHCT) Project J. V. Lebacqz NASA

SHCT Benefits to Capacity Results of 1999 FAA Newark Airport Task Force Study Of all the airport improvements examined (except for a new runway) the Tiltrotor using SNI operations, provided the greatest benefit. – In annual delay reduction costs, Tiltrotor would save $700 M, a new runway $950 M J. V. Lebacqz NASA

Active Tiltrotor Noise Reduction • Achieved a 7. 0 d. B BVI noise reduction from baseline XV 15 blades – Used closed-loop HHC with blade pressure transducers for feedback • Follow-on test – Verify results and expand test conditions – Microphone mounted on RTA for feedback 80 x 120 wind tunnel test of 3 blade XV-15 rotor PI: Mark Betzina, Ames Research Center J. V. Lebacqz NASA

XV-15 Open-Loop HHC BVI Noise Reduction Mu = 0. 150, Tip-Path-Plane Angle = 3 deg. , Ct/s = 0. 09, Mtip = 0. 691 HHC Off Preliminary V PI: Khanh Nguen, Ames Research Center Best Phase 2/rev HHC d. B Preliminary V J. V. Lebacqz NASA

Noise Abatement Flight Profiles Approach A Approach B * Flight conditions: airspeed (knots) / nacelle angle (degrees) PI: Bill Decker, Ames Research Center J. V. Lebacqz NASA